• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.317-323
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• 2018

BACKGROUND: This study was conducted to evaluate the water-dispersible clay content of paddy soils over the country in the summer rainy season as affected by cultivated years using heavy agro-machinery and soil properties such as texture and exchangeable sodium percentage. METHODS AND RESULTS: Water-dispersible clay content of 16 soil series of Korean paddy soils over the country were investigated in summer rainy season from July to August, 2006 by Middleton's method. Water-dispersible clay content ranged from non-detected to 4.8%, showing maximum value from the fine textured soils and high clay dispersibility in average from the coarse textured soils. Longer cultivated years using agro-machinery more than 40 hp result in higer water-dispersible clay content for 60% of studied paddy soils with less than 5% of exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP). Exceptionally, soils with relatively big difference of ESP at about 10 percent showed higher water-dispersible clay content with higher ESP. CONCLUSION: Long years of cultivation using agro-machinery with more than 40 hp enhanced water-dispersiblility of clay in approximately 60% of the studied paddy fields except for salt-affected soils.

• Journal of Creative Information Culture
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.53-67
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• 2021

This study The purpose of this study is to analyze the structural relationship among social support, job satisfaction, happiness, teacher efficacy. Participants were 249 teachers from teachers' training programs. Descriptive statistics analysis and path analysis were conducted. SPSS 22.0 and AMOS 21.0 were used. As a result of the analysis, it was found that teachers' social support had a significant effect on job satisfaction and happiness, and job satisfaction had a significant effect on happiness and teacher efficacy, but social support and happiness did not directly affect teacher efficacy. However, it was found that social support has a partial mediating effect through a sense of happiness through job satisfaction, and social support has a complete mediation effect through a sense of teacher efficacy through job satisfaction. This study is considered to be the basic data for preparing a plan to improve the teacher's sense of efficacy, an important factor in determining the quality of public education.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2023.05a
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• pp.318-318
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• 2023

수자원개발과 관리 측면에서 하천에서 흐르는 유량을 정확히 산정하는 것은 이수와 치수 두 측면에서 모두 매우 중요한 문제이다. 과거의 유량측정성과를 이용하여 수위-유량 관계 곡선식을 구하면, 현재 관측된 수위만으로도 유량을 간단히 산정할 수 있기 때문에 유량 산정에서 있어서, 수위-유량 관계 곡선식을 사용하는 것이 일반적이며, 따라서 수위-유량 관계식의 신뢰도에 의해 유량 산정의 정확성이 좌우되는 것이 사실이다. 과거 일반적인 단일 수위-유량 곡선의 적용으로는 유량추정에 높은 불확실성이 존재할 수 있음이 확인되어, 하천의 단면변화, 식생변화, 유사이동, 비정상류 등 영향인자를 파악하고 수위-유량 관계의 동적 변화를 추정하는 기술의 고도화가 다양하게 시도되고 있다. 기존 연구에서는 하천의 수위에 따른 단면 변화율 차이 등을 가정하고 수위구간을 구분 다른 수위-유량 관계식으로 추정하는 방안이 제안되거나, 부정류, 하상경사, 그리고 조도계수 변화에 따른 수위-유량 관계 변화 가정하고 특정 조건에 따라서 수위-유량 관계가 변화하는 특성이 연구되었다. 하지만, 검토한 바에 따르면 기존 연구에서는 대부분 수위 관측 지점에 한하여 단면 및 하상특성 등의 영향을 고려하였으며, 수km 떨어진 원거리 하류 범위에서의 하상 등 동적 변화로 인한 상류 지점의 수위-유량 관계의 영향에 대해서는 정량적 분석이 미진한 것으로 파악되었다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 이러한 조건에 따른 복잡한 동적 수위-유량 관계를 분석하기 위한 기계학습 기반 데이터 분석기술의 활용 방안을 검토하고, 시범적으로 금강 세종보가 가동중이였던 2017년 관측된 보상류 5km 지점의 수위와 유량 데이터 분석에 적용하였다. 분석 결과 하류 5km 범위에서의 하상변화는 즉각적으로 상류의 수위-유량 관계를 변화시키는 것으로 확인되었다. 이러한 결과로부터 하류에서의 준설, 퇴적, 교량 및 보건설, 가동보 운영 등이 있을 경우 수km 떨어진 상류에서 수위-유량 관계는 크게 변화함을 예상할 수 있으며, 따라서 유량산정의 신뢰도 제고를 위해서는 본 연구에서 제안된 방안과 같이 동적 수위-유량 관계를 추정하는 기술이 점차 확대 적용되어야 할 것으로 판단된다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2022.05a
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• pp.113-113
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• 2022

기후 변화에 따른 집중호우의 증가로 유례없는 홍수가 발생하기도 한다. 홍수 대비를 위한 수리구조물 설계 및 홍수 예측을 위해서는 기초자료인 유량 자료가 중요하며, 이는 Rating-curve를이용하여 산정하는 것이 일반적이다. 하지만, 이를 기왕의 데이터가 부족한 지역과 적용수위 이상에 대해 적용하는 것에 한계가 있다. 2020년 8월 섬진강에 발생한 홍수는 홍수량의 추정이 어려울 뿐 아니라 기존의 Rating curve를 활용하여 홍수량을 추정하는데 한계가 있다. 섬진강 하천정비기본계획(2021)에 따르면 섬진강 남원(신덕리) 관측소는 100년 빈도 홍수량이 7,470m³/s인 반면, 선형 보간을 통한 Rating curve 외삽 결과 약 23,000m³/s로 많은 차이 나는 것을 확인할 수 있다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 외삽의 불확실성과 직접 측량에 어려움이 있는 홍수기 유량 추정을 위해 수리학적 해석 방법을 이용한 간접유량 산정기법을 제시하였다. 수치해석모형을 이용하여 홍수사상을 재현하고, 이를 역으로 이용하여 관측 수위와 근접한 계산 결과를 보인 입력 자료로부터 대상 지역의 유량을 간접적으로 산정하였다. 상류단 유량자료의 생성을 위하여 Rating curve의 변수에 대하여 무작위 조합을 생성하였고, K-River(1차원 수리해석 모형)를 이용하여 MCS(Monte Carlo Simulation)를 수행하였다. 계산된 수위와 관측 수위간 수위 재현성 평가(NSE, RSR)를 통해 최적 결과를 나타낸 Rating Curve의 변수들로부터 경계조건의 Rating Curve를 산정하였다. 방법론의 검증을 위해 요천 합류부에 적용하였으며, 그 결과 기존 곡선식의 외삽에 따른 유량 자료의 수위 재현성과 비교하여 개선된 것을 확인하였다. 이를 활용하여 수자원 유량 자료의 신뢰도 개선에 활용이 가능할 것으로 판단된다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2022.05a
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• pp.386-386
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• 2022

우리나라에서는 '물의 재이용 촉진 및 지원에 관한 법률 시행규칙' 등 다양한 법률에 따라 특정 규모 이상의 시설에 빗물이용시설을 설치하도록 규정하고 있으며, 지자체에서는 빗물이용시설의 이용을 장려하고자 설치비 및 시설 운영비를 지원하고 있다. 현업에서 빗물이용시설의 설계는 간편식을 이용하여 목표 우수이용률 또는 공급보장률을 만족하는 용량으로 결정하고 있다. 또한, 산정된 빗물이용시설의 용량에 대해서만 경제성 분석을 하고 있으며, 경제성 분석에 포함된 수식에 대한 근거가 부족한 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 기 개발된 빗물이용시설 설계 프로그램인 CARAH(capacity design aid for rainwater harvesting)의 추가 기능으로 경제성 분석을 통한 빗물이용시설의 적정 용량 결정 도구 및 사용자 편의 환경 개발 결과를 제시하고자 한다. 본 연구를 통해 개발된 CARAH의 경제성 분석 도구는 빗물이용시설의 용량, 설치비, 유지보수비용, 지자체의 설치비 지원 및 빗물 이용에 따른 요금 감면액 등을 고려하여 빗물이용시설의 비용편익 비율(benefit cost ratio; BCR) 산정 결과를 제시하는 기능이다. 본 연구에서는 개발된 CARAH의 경제성 분석 도구를 이용하여 기 설치된 광교 신도시의 빗물저류조 5호를 대상으로 경제성 분석을 수행하였으며, 경제성을 고려한 적정 저류 용량을 제시하였다. 경제성 분석 기간은 빗물이용시설의 내용 연수인 30년으로 하였으며, 여러 목표 공급보장률에 따른 최소 저류 용량별 BCR 결과를 비교하여 광교 신도시의 빗물저류조 5호의 적정 저류 용량을 결정하였다. 그 결과, 공급보장률이 60%에 해당하는 저류 용량 341 m3의 BCR이 7.28로 가장 경제적인 빗물이용시설의 저류 용량으로 산정되었다.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.177-198
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• 2015

This study is aimed at a comparison analyzing the contents of child 'safety education' in Three-four-year-old Nuri curriculum manual for teachers related activity type and activity form, life theme based on the criteria of analysis. First, the number of contents of child 'safety education' included in the 3 year old Nuri curriculum manual for teachers was 136, and among them, 71(52.2%) were from in big and small group activity. Total 124 contents were in 4-year old group and showed 58(46.8%) contents in big and small group activity. Second, it was identified that the Three-four-year-old Nuri curriculum handled highest number of child 'safety education' activities. Twenty-five activities from 'appliances' among a total of 127 child 'safety education' activities were included and included 21 activities in contents of 'safety for object, tool, and apparatus.' Thirty-three activities among 'health and safety' among a total of 131 child 'safety education' activities were included and it was identified that the highest number of child 'safety education' activities were conducted in 'safety for disease' contents. It will be hope to suggest some of the providing child 'safety education' of Three-four-year-old in education field, and to provide basic data for planning and suggesting directions for various training related to child safety education. Moreover, this study intends to provide basic data for composing necessary manual and program for child 'safety education' and to provide basic data for expanding the safety experience facility.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.147-154
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• 2019

Baseball was first introduced in Korea by American Gillette, who was the general manager of the YMCA in the late Joseon Dynasty. There are many discussions about the timing of the first baseball game in Korea, but it has yet to be sorted out. But what is certain is that baseball was introduced directly from the after 1903, when the first Korea YMCA, the Hwang seong Christian Youth Association, was founded. Gillett studied at Springfield YMCA International Training School in the United States from 1900 to 1901. The school is where Gulick worked as a teacher, who actively embraced strong Christianity from Britain and laid the foundation for the YMCA project in the United States. Therefore, Gillett was influenced by this Muscular Christianity, and the reason behind the introduction of baseball in our country is the same Muscular Christianity idea. Gillett, the manager of the YMCA in Korea, has developed various sports projects in Korea based on this Manager idea. It also helped the Korean people, who have been under Japanese colonial rule since 1905, to strengthen their bodies and minds and It helped the independence movement of Koreans. These specific and practical examples are YMCA baseball team active and the 105-member incident.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.514-525
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• 2005

The most important factor in providing education to gifted students as well as to students in general are the teachers themselves. However, at present in Korea, most of the teachers in charge of education for the gifted are educated by in-service training programs only for a short period of time. It is doubtful whether the teachers, who have taught ordinary students in general, can teach gifted students effectively only after completing such a short course. This research investigated the relationship between the teachers' beliefs about educating the gifted and the teachers' classroom practices in a Science Academy through case studies. The guiding questions for this study are as follows: First, what beliefs do the participating teachers have about education for the gifted? Second, how are the participants' beliefs reflected in their classroom practices? Of the five participants, two are physics teachers, two are biology teachers, and one is an earth science teacher. I observed and videotaped four classroom practices for each participant and conducted an in-depth interview with each participant. Further data were collected through e-mails with the participants. All data were carefully transcribed and analyzed. The results are as follows: Beliefs about education for the gifted do not exist independently, and form a belief system connecting with beliefs about teaching and learning, and subject matter. And the belief systems of participants can be divided into "student-centered," "teacher-centered," and "conflict chaos." In the classes of the participants who have "student-centered" belief system, students' questions or opinions played an important role and the participation structure in the classroom was determined by the students. On the contrary, participants who have "teacher-centered" belief system focused on teaching contents as much as possible in their classes. These teachers played a heavy role and formed a participation structure where students depended on their teacher's intellectual authority and therefore participated in their class passively. A participant who have "conflict chaos" belief did not form a firm belief system yet, and traditional beliefs about teaching and learning were reflected a lot in her classes. The research results imply teachers' beliefs play an important role in classroom practices and beliefs about teaching and learning and subject matter as well as beliefs about education for the gifted are important factors for teachers who guide gifted students. Additionally, I make some suggestions for the improvement of teacher education for the gifted.

• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.299-320
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• 2015

This study aimed to explore the problem in curriculum development in school-based gifted program in the arts and suggest the way to solve that. For this study, we surveyed 28 teachers and guest instructors, furthermore interviewed 6 teachers (4 in music and 2 visual arts). The study results indicated that not only curriculum development of school-based program for the gifted in the arts was not systemic, but also most teacher depended excessively on guest instructors due to the lack of expertise and information for curriculum development. Also, They did not understand specific meaning of the giftedness and gifted curriculum in arts nor recognize the unique role of school-based gifted program. In addition, most teachers simply attempted to solve lack of knowledge and experience on a personal level. Their research condition were inadequate to plan curriculum. To solve these problems in curriculum development in school-based gifted program in arts, we suggested some solutions: differentiated teacher in-service program, the achievement criteria for fundamentals of curriculum, system for connecting materials, information and human resources, as well as consultative body for improving the present condition of school-based gifted program.

• Informatization Policy
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.45-54
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to analyze the selection behavior decision model of telecommunications service under the telecommunication environments with joining the WiBro and 3GPP LTE-Advanced service at the sam time. The research results are as follows. First, mobile telecommunication service selection behavior is correlated with each other between WiBro and 3GPP LTE-Advanced service. Second, in the bivariate probit model estimates such as age, income, expenditure and income variable are important decision variables of WiBro and 3GPP LTE-Advanced service selection behavior. Gender and service using years, however, are not an important variables. The single and bivariate probit estimate results show the same estimation results. Finally, the two service selecting predictions by using the bivariate probit estimated results, 28.6% of WiBro and 25.3% of 3GPP LTE-Advanced were expected. Also, chance to join the two telecommunications services simultaneously is 19.3%. Therefore, WiBro selection probability is a little higher than 3GPP LTE-Advanced. The implications of these results, the future telecommunications service selection will be determined by economic factors such as income and expenditure. Thus, to enable the WiBro, policy means for reducing the excessive telecommunications expenditure are needed in the future.