• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.38 no.7
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• pp.817-823
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• 2009

This study was conducted to determine the optimal extraction conditions for maca by comparing the yields, total polyphenol contents, superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like activity and the nitrite scavenging ability. The proximate composition analysis showed 6.57% moisture, 12.83% crude protein, 1.05% crude fat, 4.80% ash and 74.75% carbohydrate. Maca was extracted with 7 different solvents (water, methanol, ethanol, acetone, ethyl acetate, chloroform and hexane) and the extracts were tested for biological activities. The extraction yields of water, methanol and ethanol extracts were 46.2%, 21.4% and 16.8%, respectively. Acetone, ethyl acetate, chloroform and hexane exhibited very low extraction yield, ranging from 0.2 to 1.0%. Total polyphenol contents and the nitrite scavenging ability were the highest in water extract. Electron donating ability and the SOD-like activity were the highest in methanol extract. When water extract was drawn out at different extraction temperatures (30, 70, $100^{\circ}C$) and time (1, 3, 5 hr), the improved biological activities (total polyphenol contents, electron donating ability, SOD-like activity and nitrite scavenging ability) were found in extracts treated at $100^{\circ}C$ for 3 or 5 hrs.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.410-417
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• 2014

Berries and green tea are underutilized in the food industry despite their great potential as a functional food ingredients. The purpose of this study was to determine the extraction conditions under which total phenolic contents and antioxidant activities of berry and green tea extracts are maximized. Extracts produced using 0-80% ethanol and temperatures ranging from $5-65^{\circ}C$ were evaluated for total phenolic content (TP), as well as for DPPH and ABTS radical-scavenging activities by using response surface methodology. Both ethanol and temperature had significant effects (p<0.05). Ogaja extract produced at $67^{\circ}C$ by using 33% ethanol yielded maximum TP, ABTS, and DPPH values of 23.74 mg GAE/g, 19.77, and 25.04 mg VCE/g, respectively. Optimum conditions for mulberry and raspberry extraction were found to be $65^{\circ}C$ by using 69% and 40% ethanol, respectively. Mulberry and raspberry extracts had TP, DPPH, and ABTS values of 20.74 mg GAE/g, 23.55, and 35.44 mg VCE/g, and 26.08 mg GAE/g, 39.93, and 55.60 mg VCE/g, respectively. Green tea extraction at $57^{\circ}C$ by using 43% ethanol was found to be optimal, yielding TP, ABTS, and DPPH values of 101.15 mg GAE/g, 171.38, and 177.56 mg VCE/g, respectively.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.327-331
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• 1996

This experiment was conducted to establish the efficient extraction condition for anthocyanin and tannin pigments contained in rice bran of colored rices. Efficiency of the pigment extraction was maximum when the concentration of mired solvent of methanol(3) : ethanol(7) was 70%. In purple rite(anthocyanin pigment), ‘Kilimheugmi’, 80% ethanol containing 0.5% malic acid showed the highest extraction efficiency and stability with a maximum absorbance wavelength$(\lambda_{max})$ at 538 nm. In red rice(tannin pigment), ‘Jagwangdo’, 80% ethanol containing 0.01% citric acid showed the highest extraction efficiency and stability with a maximum absorbance wavelength$(\lambda_{max})$ at 456 nm. The relative optical density of the pigments increased until the solvent temperature was reached at $70^{\circ}C$, but drastically decreased over at $90^{\circ}C$ due to color change. The higher amount of the pigment was ertracted from the longer shaking time of the solvent. Ten minutes was enough for the grinding time of rite bran in solvent. Supernatant of the pigment extractives after one day storage at $4^{\circ}C$ in dark chamber revealed higher optical density than the filtration of the pigment extractives.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.365-371
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• 2020

In this study, we analyzed the effect of media on the production of carotenoids and mycelia by using Perenniporia fraxinea. Malt extract-based medium with less than 0.1% peptone stimulated the production of carotenoids, and the one with more than 0.2% peptone inhibited its production. P. fraxinea grown in medium without malt extract did not produce carotenoids, although a small amount of peptone was added to the medium.After carotenoid production, the culture broth was separated using simple centrifugation and the supernatant was harvested as a carotenoid solution. Ethanol was used to extract carotenoids from mycelia. Carotenoid solution separated or extracted from the culture solution showed DPPH radical scavenging activity. The antioxidant carotenoids produced by P. fraxinea are derived from natural products, have no toxicity and side effects, and exhibit excellent antioxidant effects; therefore, they can be effectively used to remove oxides produced by active oxygen.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.609-613
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• 2005

Daidzein and genistein were extracted from Korean soybean by supercritical $CO_2$ and sub/supercritical water. The extracted sample was analyzed by reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). The retention time, retention factor, column efficiency, column selectivity and resolution of aglycons were compared with the change in the temperature and pressure of supercritical fluid and ethanol concentration. The characteristics of extraction of daidzein and genistein were more affected by ethanol concentration using supercritical $CO_2$. The most desirable extraction yield was obtained by supercritical $H_2O$ with $400^{\circ}C$ and 250 bar. Generally, the extraction yield of aglycons increased over 10 times using supercritical $CO_2$ than sub/supercritical $H_2O$.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.14 no.8
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• pp.4100-4105
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• 2013

The Peanut sprouts have been used as food for long time in many Asian countries. Among them, resveratrol have bioactivity effects as antioxidant and anticancer. In this work, resveratrol was extracted from peanut sprouts by dipping(extraction time 3h, $25^{\circ}C$) method. And extraction efficiency and amount was identified using on-line screening HPLC-ABTS. From the experimental results, it is evident that the amount of resveratrol($0.310-0.346{\mu}g/mL$) by 50% aqueous EtOH was higher than any 100% water and EtOH composition. Also, the 100% water extracts sample was low yield 2.040-2.145%. The shown results can be applied as sources for pharmaceuticals and functional material.

• Journal of Korea Foresty Energy
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.42-52
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• 2001

The barks of Fraxinus rhynchophylla, Fraxinus sieboldiana and Fraxinus mandshurica, ash trees grown in domestic, were collected, extracted with acetone-H$_2$O(7:3, v/v) and freeze dried to give some dark brown powder. A portion of the freeze dried powder was chromatographed on a Sephadex LH-20 and a TSK 40F column using a series of aqueous methanol, ethanol and ethanol-hexane mixture as eluents Some spectrometric analyses such as NMR and FAB-MS including TLC were performed to identify the structures of the isolated compounds. The bark extractives contained a large amount of coumarin derivatives in addition to a small amount of ester compounds.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.48-52
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• 2001

The needles of Pinus densiflora, grown in the campus of Kangwon National University were collected, extracted with acetone-$H_2O$ (7:3, v/v) and freeze dried to give 10.4 g of ethylacetate soluble powder. A portion of the freeze dried powder was chromatographed on a Sephadex LH-20 column using a series of aqueous methanol and ethanol, and ethanol-hexane mixture as eluents. The extractives contained a large amount of flavan compounds in addition to a small amount of flavonoid derivatives such as kaempferol-3-O-glucopyranoside, and quercetin-(6"-O-acetyl)-glucopyranoside which has not been isolated from this species yet. Some spectrometric analyses such as NMR and FAB-MS were performed to identify the structures of the isolated flavonoid derivatives.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2018.04a
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• pp.10-10
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• 2018

미생물 및 식물 등이 가지고 있는 많은 천연물질은 항균, 항암, 강장작용 등 다양한 생리활성 기능이 있다고 알려져 있으며, 의약품의 원료로도 많이 이용되고 있다. 또한, 미생물을 통한 발효는 거대분자를 낮은 분자량의 물질로 분해하여 인체의 흡수를 용이하게 할 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 미생물이 자체적으로 합성하는 다양한 대사산물과 발효과정에서 기존 물질에 다양한 잔기를 가감함으로서 새로운 물질이 만들어질 수 있는 장점이 있다. 본 연구에서는 구절초의 추출물을 바탕으로 발효를 진행하여 항산화 활성 및 항비만 활성 등을 발효 전 후로 비교하여 분석하고 이를 통하여 구절초 추출물을 활용한 발효제품 개발을 추진하였다. 구절초 잎과 전초의 항산화활성 측정 결과 전반적으로 구절초 전초보다는 잎 추출물에서 항산화 활성이 높게 나타났으며 구절초 잎을 70% 에탄올로 추출한 추출물에서는 비타민C보다 3.93% 항산화 활성이 높게 나타났다. 구절초 발효액의 항산화 활성 측정 결과 발효하지 않은 시료보다 발효한 시료에서 항산화 활성이 더 높게 나타났다. 더욱이, 항비만 활성과 추출물의 혈중콜레스테롤 저감 활성도 발효추출물에서 유의하게 증가하였다. 이러한 결과는 구절초 발효 추출물이 구절초 추출물에 비하여 기능성 활성이 향상되었음을 나타내고 있으며, 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 건강기능성음료 등 다양한 제품으로의 응용이 가능할 수 있음을 시사한다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.271-277
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• 2006

A mechanically pressed juice of Bokbunja (Rubus coreanus Miq.) extract was prepared using 70% ethanol solution. The extract was subjected to gamma-irradiation treatment (20 kGy) and investigated for its change of color and biological activities. Hunter $L^*$ values of the irradiated Bokbunja extract were increased in comparison with the non-irradiated extracts, and the $a^*\;and\;b^*$values decreased by the irradiation treatment. The content of the total phenolic compounds in the non-irradiated and irradiated extracts were 58.4 and 56.5 mg/g, respectively. The 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH) radical scavenging activities of non-irradiated and irradiated extracts at a 250 ppm level were 80% and 79%, respectively. Lipid oxidation was retarded by addition of Bokbunja powder. Nitrite scavenging activity was the highest in the Bokbunja powder at pH 1.2 and the effect was not changed by irradiation. The Bokbunja powder showed antimicrobial activity against Salmonella Typhimurium and Bacillus cereus. However, irradiation of Bokbunja did not affect any physiological functions (p>0.05). A Salmonella mutagenicity assay indicated that the irradiated Bokbunja extract did not show any mutagenicity. Therefore, Bokbunja extract could be used in various applications as a functional material, such as ingredients of food and cosmetic, compositions with functions.