• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.253-259
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• 2004

in this study, we developed a Monte Carlo imaging simulation code written by the visual C$\^$++/ programing language for design optimization of a digital X-ray imaging system. As a digital X-ray imaging system, we considered a Gd$_2$O$_2$S(Tb) scintillator and a photosensor array, and included a 2D parallel grid to simulate general test renditions. The interactions between X-ray beams and the system structure, the behavior of lights generated in the scintillator, and their collection in the photosensor array were simulated by using the Monte Carlo method. The scintillator thickness and the photosensor array pitch were assumed to 66$\mu\textrm{m}$ and 48$\mu\textrm{m}$, respertively, and the pixel format was set to 256 x 256. Using the code, we obtained X-ray images under various simulation conditions, and evaluated their image qualities through the calculations of SNR (signal-to-noise ratio), MTF (modulation transfer function), NPS (noise power spectrum), DQE (detective quantum efficiency). The image simulation code developed in this study can be applied effectively for a variety of digital X-ray imaging systems for their design optimization on various design parameters.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.110-123
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• 2000

The short-term music therapy was performed for adolescents with conduct disorder admitted to Seoul National Mental Hospital for 3 months from Jun to September, 1998. This case study focused mainly on two female patients who participated regularly in the group music therapy. The music therapy process was divided into three phases；beginning, opening up, and closing. This music therapy session consisted of three parts；hello song as beginning, various musical activities, and sound & movement activity as closing. Free musical improvisation, song discussion, musical monodrama, and sound & movement were the mainly applied techniques. Free improvisation was used to enhance, motivate, identify and contain the adolescents' feelings and ideas. Song discussion was used to convey their thoughts and to support each other. Musical monodrama was used to make them have insights into interpersonal relationships. Sound & movement was used to enhance spontaneity. It made them explore their body and voice as an expressive medium. Throughout three months period of music therapy, patient A's communication skill, socialization, and behavior areas were assessed with improvement. She could use music as a symbolic form and was able to share her feelings about herself and her family. Patient B's self-expression and cognitive areas were assessed with improvement. She became more spontaneous and could verbalize her emotions during the group session. Music as a non-verbal and therefore often a non-threatening medium wherein so much can be expressed provided two female patients an atmosphere where a sense of trust may be regained.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.107-119
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• 2014

Purpose : To efficiently evaluate phased array coil performance using a software tool box with which we can make visual comparison of the sensitivity of every coil element between the real experiment and EM simulation. Materials and Methods: We have developed a $C^{{+}{+}}$- and MATLAB-based software tool called Phased Array Coil Evaluator (PACE). PACE has the following functions: Building 3D models of the coil elements, importing the FDTD simulation results, and visualizing the coil sensitivity of each coil element on the ordinary Cartesian coordinate and the relative coil position coordinate. To build a 3D model of the phased array coil, we used an electromagnetic 3D tracker in a stylus form. After making the 3D model, we imported the 3D model into the FDTD electromagnetic field simulation tool. Results: An accurate comparison between the coil sensitivity simulation and real experiment on the tool box platform has been made through fine matching of the simulation and real experiment with aids of the 3D tracker. In the simulation and experiment, we used a 36-channel helmet-style phased array coil. At the 3D MRI data acquisition using the spoiled gradient echo sequence, we used the uniform cylindrical phantom that had the same geometry as the one in the FDTD simulation. In the tool box, we can conveniently choose the coil element of interest and we can compare the coil sensitivities element-by-element of the phased array coil. Conclusion: We expect the tool box can be greatly used for developing phased array coils of new geometry or for periodic maintenance of phased array coils in a more accurate and consistent manner.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.851-868
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• 2004

The main purposes of this study is to develop a web-based STS biology instruction program (WB-STS) for the scientifically gifted students. The specific main research questions were as follows; 1. How can the WB-STS for biology education be developed and what are the primary components involved in it? 2. Is there any proper validity for developed the WB-STS in biology education? To solve the above mentioned problems, several procedures were applied. First, in order to develop WB-STS for the scientifically gifted students, NCISE, Renzulli' s Enrichment Triad Model and the Iowa Chautauqua program's main characteristics were analyzed systematically and the principles and general process for constructing WB-STS were examined. Additionally, the needs of students and the goals of Biology education were identified thoroughly. And then all these ideas were embodied in an agenda for constructing WB-STS. Second, to analyse the validity and utility of developing WB-STS, a questionnaire was developed and submitted to seven specialists and a group of twenty students who would participate in the experiment later. The main results of study are summarized below: First, WB-STS appeared to be successfully constructed based on Renzulli' s Enrichment Triad Model and the Iowa Chautauqua program. Its main features are that it was made emphasizing a learner-centered approach and constructive learning. It is composed of five steps: Scientific theme selection -${\rightarrow}$Exploration ${\rightarrow}$ Concept & Principle Check ${\rightarrow}$ Finding Solution ${\rightarrow}$ Action. Second, seven specialists and a group of students assessed the developed WB-STS's validity and utility with a questionnaire, the results appeared satisfactory. Students showed high interest in WB-STS and gave a positive evaluation of WB-STS.

• Sijohaknonchong
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• v.42
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• pp.213-238
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• 2015

Jeongun(丁芸) Lee, Young-do (李永道), who is deemed a representative female poet of Korea, began her literary career in May, 1946 when she published in a publication called "Bamboo Sprout, (죽순)". Her Korean identity, which was formed through her Confucius upbringing as well as traditional value system of her family, had a strong presence in her work, and she remained a quintessential figure in Korea's female sijo poet circle for 30 years until her passing in 1976. Despite the highly acclaimed talent and her noble aspirations, it is undeniable that her works did not receive fair assessment due to her private life. Against this backdrop, it is necessary to deeply inquire the literary values and beauty of Young-do Lee's sijo. As mentioned, Young-do Lee is a solidly established figure in Korea's modern poetry. The following illustrates the spirit and the world of her poetry. First, Young-do Lee lived through turbulent times and it was her country that served as the source of her sijo work. Assessing the multitude of dramatic historical events such as Japanese colonization, 8.15 Liberation of Korea, division of the nation, 6.25 Korean war, 4.19 Revolution, 5.16 military coup, it is natural that patriotism was strongly present in her work who was one of the intellectuals at the time. Second, Young-do Lee is a poet who had experienced more pain than others in terms of the turbulence of the time. Her Korean identity, which was formed through her Confucius upbringing as well as traditional value system of her family, had a strong presence in her work. Third, Jeongun Lee, Young-do is a poet of longing. The abundance and richness of her emotions were fortified through the relationship with another poet, Chihwan Yu. Fourth, Young-do Lee is a poet opened up new horizons for the modennization. The transparency of image reflected in her work and the elaborate nature of her language are outstanding. In summary, Young-do Lee was a true artist, who has a strong presence in Korea's modern poetry society, and who was a poet of patriotism, poet who suffered the turbulence of the times, and a poet of longing.

• Journal of the HCI Society of Korea
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.61-68
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• 2014

Tabletop games have been applied to improve the ability of social collaboration based on the characteristics that more than two people simultaneously interact on the tabletop. Especially, the tabletop games can be used as an educational tool for children with autism when it is implemented by considering educational and psychological models for children's behavioral characteristics. However, the previous collaborative games were designed for only disabled children so that it is hard to reflect cognitive and humanistic effects in inclusive education, where disabled children and non-disabled children interact in a same spatiotemporal environment. In this paper, therefore, we design a collaborative game on a multi-touch tabletop to enable spontaneous communication between disabled children and non-disabled children. Through user study, we evaluate the improvement in terms of the positive interaction and the degree of attention by comparing with a conventional collaborative game(e.g., a board game). We found that negative interaction including disabled children's abnormal behavior decreased and positive interaction such as body gestures and verbal communications increased. In addition, the tabletop game supported high immersiveness to all children by deriving equal level of attention time including individual and joint attention. We anticipate that the proposed game design can be utilized to develop collaborative contents for people with differences on sociality and cognitive ability.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.41
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• pp.7-40
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• 2008

The aim of this study is to examine the role of publishing in emerging process of nationalism in modern Korea. In the process of coping with the imperialist invasion, the Korean nationalism had begun to emerge. With the Patriotic Enlightenment movement from 1905 till 1910, the publishing in Korea had become activated remarkably. With the books of enlightenment the Korean society could try to overcome the traditional China-centered world view and try to build up a new recognition of 'others'. In addition the books of enlightenment provided information on the various aspects of modern nationalism. And the republishing the Korean classical books seemed to have been very conducive to improve national self-esteem of Korea. The books on history contributed to building up new national identity which was an indispensable to the nationalism. The Korean history was reinvented from the nationalistic viewpoint. The biographies of historic heros presented some historic model of overcoming the national crisis. In conclusion the publishing in modern Korea played an important role in emerging process of the Korean nationalism.

• Korean Architects
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• no.12 s.344
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• pp.50-50
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• 1997

이번 지역건축을 기획하면서, 여러 가지 상념에 잠기게 되었다. 건축에서 지역성이 어느 정도 내재되어 있는지 살펴보고자 하는 것이 혹시 더욱 부정적 결과를 확인하는 것이라면 이를 확인할 필요가 있을지, 또 어떤 긍정적 결과를 확인할 수 있을지, 게다가 여러 개발도상국의 상황과 아시아의 건축적 진행을 보면서, 어쩌면 우리는 더욱 난감한 상황을 보게 될지도 모른다. "건축을 발전시켜온 어떤 민족도 각기 독자적 언어, 복장, 민속이 있는 것처럼, 그들이 좋아하는 형태를 발전시켜왔다. 19세기에 문화의 국경이 붕괴될 때까지 온 세계의 건축에는 지역고유의 형태와 디테일이 있었다. 그리고 어떠한 지역특유의 건물도 사람들의 창조력과 그 지역의 필요성의 결합에 의하여 태어난 아름다운 산물이었다. 그러나 현대 이집트에는 이집트 고유의 토착양식을 찾아볼 수가 없다. 바로 이집트인의 서명이 없다. 그것이 부자들의 집이건 가난한 자의 집이건 무성격하기는 마찬가지이며 이집트인의 자취란 사라져 버렸다."(하산 화티,1973년) 선진국은 스스로 산업혁명을 일으켰고, 이런 사회적 문화적 변동에 적응하기 위하여 1세기 이상의 시간적 여유가 있었다는 것이다. 개발도상국의 급속한 변화에는 건물도 변화의 수단으로 이용되었다는 것이다. "민족적이며, 지역적인 전통이야말로, 새로운 지역주의의 기초로서 보존하고 사용되어야 된다는 '섬세한' 서양의 관찰자들의 탄원은 이같은 상황에서는 전연 고려되지 않았다."고 커티스는 보았다. 섬세한 서양인이 아니라 자국민 스스로 자신의 문명에 대하여 파괴적인 입장에 서 있다면 더욱 난감한 일이다. 지역주의의 의미는 무엇일까? 건축에서 '지역'의 범주는 어디인가? 인종적 분포 또는 민족적 무리를 이름지은 것인가? 아니면 인종과 민족의 공통점인가? 그것도 아니라면 정치적 경계선으로 둘러싸인 경계를 말하는 것인가? 모든 지역이 다 지역주의로 대별될 수 있는가? 어느 곳이 건축에서의 중심지역이며, 또 지역주의는 누가 판별하는가? 프램튼은 문화적인 중심지와 종속적 관계를 지니는 지역주의를 잘못된 구조로 보았다. 근래 10년간 세계적으로 다양한 지역주의가 대두했다. 지역의 개념적, 제도적, 법적인 상태가 어떠한가가 중요한 요인이 된다. 19세기 동안에 유럽사람들이 그들의 정치적 독립을 위한 목적에 활용하기 위하여 부분적으로 거짓된 역사관을 피력했을 때, 유럽지역에서의 지역주의 개념들은 아이리쉬, 까딸로니아, 핀랜드 등을 평가하는 역할이 있었다고 한다. 지역주의를 "감상적인 민족적 편견에서 비롯된 광신적 배타주의"라고 낮추어 바라보는 그로피우스의 시각에 대해, 당당히 맞설 수 있어야 할 것이다. 리꾀르의 말대로 미래에 어떠한 유형의 참된 문화를 유지하는 것은 궁극적으로는 문화나 문명의 단계에서 외래의 영향을 적절하게 하면서 지역문화의 활기찬 형태를 발생시키는 우리 능력에 달려있다. '지역적' 범위는 서구에서 합중국으로 존재하는 경우, 대부분 이질적 문화들의 혼합지역이기 때문이다. 한국과 같이 비교적 단일한 성분의 종족으로 한 국가가 유지된 경우와 미국과 같이 다양한 종족이 모인 경우 등과 비교하면 '지역'이란 이름에 어떤 판단기준이 있어야 할까? 근래 지역적 변동이 적었던 한국의 경우는 상대적으로 재론할 여지가 적다. 그러나 한국의 역사시대 내에서도 확인되지 않은 부분들이 존재하고, 역사시대의 범위를 넘어서 선사시대로 확대하면 '지역'의 개념의 외연적 대상은 더욱 모호해진다.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.12 no.10
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• pp.1-10
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• 2012

Many statistical methods have been adapted for terminology recognition to improve its accuracy. However, since previous studies have been carried out in a single core or a single machine, they have difficulties in real-time analysing explosively increasing documents. In this study, the task where bottlenecks occur in the process of terminology recognition is classified into linguistic processing in the process of 'candidate terminology extraction' and collection of statistical information in the process of 'terminology weight assignment'. A terminology recognition system is implemented and experimented to address each task by means of the distributed parallel processing-based MapReduce. The experiments were performed in two ways; the first experiment result revealed that distributed parallel processing by means of 12 nodes improves processing speed by 11.27 times as compared to the case of using a single machine and the second experiment was carried out on 1) default environment, 2) multiple reducers, 3) combiner, and 4) the combination of 2)and 3), and the use of 3) showed the best performance. Our terminology recognition system contributes to speed up knowledge extraction of large scale science and technology documents.

• Proceedings of the International Microelectronics And Packaging Society Conference
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• 2001.11a
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• pp.37-39
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• 2001

21세기의 벽두부터 국내외적으로 활발히 논의되고 있는 나노기술에 대한 정의를 생각해보는 것으로부터 우리가 나아갈 방향을 살펴보고자 한다. 나노기술이란, 원자 하나 하나 혹은 분자단위의 조작을 통해 1~100nm정도의 범위 안에서 근본적으로 새로운 물질이나 구조체를 만들어 내는 기술을 말한다. 즉 앞으로 우리는 경험해 보지 못한 새로운 현상에 대한 이해를 할 수 있어야 하고, 새로운 물질 자체를 다룰 수 있는 방법이 우리가 해야 할 구체적인 일이 될 것이란 말이 된다. 뿐만 아니라 나노기술은 종래의 정보.통신.전자 분야에서 주로 추구하던 마이크로화와 달리 재료, 기계, 전자, 의학, 약학, 에너지, 환경, 화학, 생물학, 농학, 정보, 보안기술 등 과학기술 분야 전반을 위시하여 사회분야가지 새로운 인식과 철학적인 이해가 필요하게 되었다. 21세기를 맞은 인류가 나아갈 방향을 나노세계에 대한 도전으로 보아야 하며, 과학기술의 새로운 틀을 제공할 것 임에 틀림 없다. 그러나, 이와 같은 나노기술의 출발점을 살펴보면 VLSI기술로 통칭할 수 있는 마이크로전자소자 기술이란 점이다. 국내의 VLSI기술은 메모리기술이라고 해도 과언이 아닐 것이다. 문제는 종래의 메모리기술은 대규모 투자와 집중적인 인력양성을 통해서 세계 최고 수준에 도달 할 수 있었다. 그러나 여기까지 오는 동안 사식 우리는 선진국의 뒷꽁무니를 혼신의 힘을 다해 뒤쫓아 온 결과라고 보아도 틀리지 않는다. 즉, 앞선자를 보고 뒤쫓는 사람은 갈방향과 목표가 분명하므로 최선을 다하면 따라 잡을 수 있다. 그런데 나노기술은 앞선 사람이 없다는 점이 큰 차이이다 따라서 뒷껑무니를 쫓아가는 습성을 가지고는 개척해 나갈 수 없다는 점을 깨닫지 않으면 안된다. 그런 점에서 이 시간 나노기술의 국내외 현황을 살펴보고 우리가 어떻게 할 것인가를 생각해 보는데 의미가 있을 것이다.하여 분석한 결과 기존의 제한된 RICH-DP는 실시간 서비스에 대한 처리율이 낮아지며 서비스 시간이 보장되지 못했다. 따라서 실시간 서비스에 대한 새로운 제안된 기법을 제안하고 성능 평가한 결과 기존의 RICH-DP보다 성능이 향상됨을 확인 할 수 있었다.(actual world)에서 가상 관성 세계(possible inertia would)로 변화시켜서, 완수동사의 종결점(ending point)을 현실세계에서 가상의 미래 세계로 움직이는 역할을 한다. 결과적으로, IMP는 완수동사의 닫힌 완료 관점을 현실세계에서는 열린 미완료 관점으로 변환시키되, 가상 관성 세계에서는 그대로 닫힌 관점으로 유지 시키는 효과를 가진다. 한국어와 영어의 관점 변환 구문의 차이는 각 언어의 지속부사구의 어휘 목록의 전제(presupposition)의 차이로 설명된다. 본 논문은 영어의 지속부사구는 논항의 하위간격This paper will describe the application based on this approach developed by the authors in the FLEX EXPRIT IV n$^{\circ}$EP29158 in the Work-package "Knowledge Extraction & Data mining"where the information captured from digital newspapers is extracted and reused in tourist information context.terpolation performance of CNN was relatively better than NN.콩과 자연 콩이 성분 분석에서 차이를 나타내지 않았다는 점, 네 번째. 쥐를 통한 다양섭취 실험에서 아무런 이상 반응이 없었다는 점등의 결과를 기준으로 알레르기에 대한 개별 검사 없이 안전한