• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers Conference
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• 2011.11a
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• pp.340-343
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• 2011

Explosive bolts are reliable and efficient mechanical fastening devices having the special feature of a built-in release. The disadvantage of explosive bolt lies in that it is based on the high explosive effect of a pyrotechnic charge. The aim of the present work is to propose a pyrotechnically releasable mechanical linking device for two mechanical elements that does not suffer from such drawbacks. The pyro-lock using the pressure cartridge has the release characteristic without fragmentation and minimum pyro-shock. The present work is focused on the design, the interpretation of structure, the separation mechanism, separation force, and the results of various tests.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers Conference
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.293-296
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• 2008

Most of the guided weapons have been kept and transferred at the launching tube and fired in case of necessity in these day. Launching tube is a kind of case to protect the guided weapons from external environments and conducted as a guide when they are fired. When we attached the guided weapons to launching tube we usually has used explosive bolt. Explosive bolts have been used explosives when they had to be separated. But when they are separated there are some bad effects; a flame, fragments and pyro-shock. Because of these bad effects there are many restriction to use bolt as joining devices to precision guided weapons. To solve these problems, it has been invented ball type bolt. The present work was represented quantitively the margin of separation safty and separation mechanism in ball type bolt to analyse the dynamic separation test. Unlike explosive bolt, ball type bolt is separated without a flame, fragments and pyro-shock. And it also has a good mechanical properties as much as those of explosive bolt.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers Conference
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• 2017.05a
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• pp.451-455
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• 2017

The reactive Eulerian-Lagrangian code is utilized to simulate combustion of ZPP/THPP in a closed vessel. In the paper, ignition delay of THPP is mainly studied since ZPP and THPP are isolated by a boron nitride wall. Only a numerical case study is conducted as experimental observation is inaccessible. Results showed THPP ignition delay affects initial shock strength thus not only the first peak become weak, but also the frequency of a pressure oscillation is slowed.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers Conference
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• 2007.04a
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• pp.208-211
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• 2007

Separation Devices have two functions. These two functions are to bond and to separate two bodies. This paper is about separation devices which use explosives to separate their bodies. Explosive bolt is separated with two bodies when the explosives in the body detonated. The good things of explosive bolt are that it has simple operational system and it is made of few parts. But it has side effects; fragment and pyre-shock. To avoid these side effects gas expansion separation(GES) bolt and pressure cartridge actuation separation(PAS) devices are invented. These use pressure to separate their bodies. The pressure is generated when explosives are burned. But the sizes of PAS devices are bigger than explosive bolts. And GES bolt has a mechanically lower bonding ability than that of explosive bolt. When you design separation devices, it is recommended to know operational system and characteristics of separation devices, to design best one.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers Conference
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• 2017.05a
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• pp.423-425
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• 2017

When many space launchers and rockets need to be separated, the pyrotechnic separators have been widely used because of their high reliability and high energy generation. However, intensive pyroshock and debris from the high-explosive type separator may cause fatal damage to the equipment inside of the space launchers or rockets. To solve this problem, a pressure-cartridge type low-impact separator has been developed. In this study, one of the low-impact separators, the split-type pyrolock, was used. We established a mathematical model for the split-type pyrolock that simulates the state of combustion gas and the separation behavior of four independent internal components and verified the mathematical model through comparing with experiment results.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2001.06e
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• pp.154-157
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• 2001

The effects of pleating parameters on the performance of cylindrical cartridge air filters was experimentally studied. The tested filters are 150 mm in outer diameter and 700 mm in length. As the pleat count increases, the pressure drop across a cartridge filter is decreased for a constant pleat depth and flow rate. This is due to the increased filtration area which brings out less pressure loss of the filter. However, in the case of the filters having the pleat depth of 40 mm, the inner diameter of the cartridges is so small that the pressure loss is greatly increased.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.62-67
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• 2011

Launching tube is a kind of case to protect the guided weapons from external environments and conducted as a guide when they are fired. The guided weapons have been firmly kept at the launching tube and transferred, and would be separated at the required time when they are fired To meet the aim, it has been used explosive bolts which are reliable and efficient mechanical fastening devices having the special feature of a built-in release. The disadvantage of explosive bolt lies in that it is based on the high explosive effect of a pyrotechnic charge. When the explosive bolt is ignited, there are some bad effects; a flame, fragments and pyro-shock. Because of these bad effects there are many restriction to use bolt as joining devices to precision guided weapons. To solve these problems, the aim of the present work is to invent the ball-type separation bolt which is a pyrotechnically releasable mechanical linking device for two mechanical elements that does not suffer from such drawbacks. A standard pressure cartridge can moreover be easily integrated inside the device according to the present work and this with no modification to its structure. The present work was represented quantitatively the margin of separation safety and analysed separation mechanism in ball type separating bolt to perform the dynamic separation test.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Technology Engineers
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.241-247
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• 2013

The doctor blade is equipped in a toner cartridge and is a device to maintain the uniform thickness of a toner by controlling the pressure on the developing roller. The contact pressure between the developing roller and the doctor blade is one of the significant factors for image quality and durability of toner cartridge. The purpose of this study is to develop approximation model in order to minimize the time and cost which are needed much required in making optimal design of the doctor blade. Central composite design was used for the design of experiment and response surface design was used for approximation. The data for contact pressure were acquired through finite element analysis and data of image density and toner weight were acquired through experiment. The approximation model developed in this study has presented very high fitness.

• Explosives and Blasting
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.15-28
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• 2000

국내에서는 Heavy ANFO로 더 잘 알려져 있는 Emulsion Blends는 왁스 대신 오일을 사용 하여 상온에서 펌핑이 가능하도록 한 에멀젼과 ANFO(또는 초안)의 혼합물을 일컫는다. ANFO는 저렴하고 안전하며 장약이 쉽고 밀장전되는 장점이 있지만, 내수성이 거의 없고 폭발 속도가 느리며 장약 비중이 0.75∼0.90g/cc 정도로 낮아 폭약으로서 그 위력이 작은 단점을 갖고 있다. Blends는 수용성 ANFO 입자 사이의 빈 공간을 내수성 에멀젼이 태우고 있는 형태로서 에멀젼 함량 25%부터 내수성이 나타나기 시작하여 에멀젼 함량 40% 이상에서는 완전한 내수성을 갖게 되며, 에멀젼의 함량이 증가할수록 폭발속도는 카트리지 에멀젼 폭약에 근접하게 된다. 장약 비중은 에멀젼의 함량이 증가하여 45% 근처에서 1.25∼ 1.30g/cc의 최대 값을 갖지만, 그 이상의 에멀젼 함량에서는 기폭 감도 저하로 예감제를 사용하여 비중을 감소시키는 것이 바람직하다. Blends는 자체에 물을 함유하고 있으므로 열역학적으로 계산된 단위 중량당 반응열은 ANFO에 비해 매우 적지만, 폭발속도, detonation pressure(폭굉압), borehole pressure(폭발압력) 등이 ANFO에 비해 크므로 폭발압력에서부터 암석의 파괴가 가능한 압력가지의 단위 중량당 유효한 에너지의 양은 암석의 강도가 커질수록 ANFO에 비해 매우 적지만, 폭발속도, ANFO와 비슷해진다. 따라서 장약 비중이 ANFO의 130∼145%로 높은 Blends는 동일한 천공에 더 많이 장약할 수 있어 단위 천공당 암석 파괴에 이용되는 유효 에너지의 총 양이 커지게 되므로, 공간격과 저항선을 늘릴 수 있어 총 천공수를 감소시킬 수 있다. 결론적으로, Blends의 장점은 내수성과 함께 비장약량은 비슷하거나 약간 증가하는데 비해, 천공수는 크게 감소하여 전체적으로는 발파 현장의 경제성이 향상된다는데 있다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.27-34
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• 2005

The present work has been developed the study of interpretation of separation behavior in gas expansion separation(GES) bolt which has the separation characteristics without fragmentation and minimum pyre-shock during the operation of the explosive bolt. In order to obtain the performance of minimum pyre-shock, the present work used non-compressive material instead of separation explosives. The use of the interpretation processor could be extensively helped to design the shape and the amount of explosives in the explosive bolt having complex geometry, and to analyse the separation behavior during the operation. It is also proved that the GES bolt is the most suitable the separation system necessary to minimum pyre-shock and non fragmentation compare with others.