• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.45 no.12
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• pp.1755-1761
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• 2016

Volatile flavor compounds in soy sauce residue (SSR) and acid hydrolysate of SSR (AHSSR) were analyzed by solid phase micro extraction (SPME)/gas chromatography (GC)/mass spectrometry (MSD) methods. A total of 79 compounds were detected in samples (66 SSR and 60 AHSSR). Quantitatively, alcohols (433.37 ng/g), aldehydes (273.01 ng/g), esters (236.80 ng/g), and aromatic hydrocarbons (180.66 ng/g) were dominant in the volatiles of SSR, whereas furans (249.27 ng/g) were only dominant in AHSSR (P<0.05). Among these, four esters, 3-methylbutyl acetate (banana/pear-like), ethyl 3-methyl butanoate (fruity), ethylbenzene acetate (wine-like), and ethyl 3-methyl butanoate (apple-like), three alcohols, 3-methyl-1-butanol (fruity/whisky-like), 2-phenylethanol (floral/sweet), and 1-octen-3-ol (mushroom-like), four aldehydes, (E)-2-phenyl-2-butenal (chocolate-like), benzaldehyde (almond-like), 3-methylbutanal (malty), and 2-phenylacetaldehyde (floral), four aromatic hydrocarbons, 4-ethyl-2-methoxyphenol (smoky/soy sauce-like), 4-ethylphenol (medicine-like), 4-vinyl-2-methoxyphenol (woody), and phenol (woody), and two furans, furfural (almond-like) and 4-hydroxy-2,5-dimethyl-3(2H)-furanone (caramel-like), were major compounds in SSR, whereas seven compounds, including furfural, 5-methylfurfural (almond-like), 3-methyl-1-butanol, 2-phenylethanol, 4-ethyl-2-methoxyphenol, 3-methylbutanal, and benzaldehyde were major compounds in AHSSR.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Industrial Safety Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.428-433
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• 2003

화재 및 폭발 특성치로 인화점, 최소발화온도, 폭발한계, 최소발화에너지, 연소열 등을 들 수 있다. 연소특성은 인화성용제들(석유류 및 알코올류 등)의 취급, 저장, 수송에서 포함되어 있는 잠재 위험성을 평가할 때 고려된다. 여러 연소특성 가운데 폭발한계(explosive limits)는 가연성물질(가스 및 증기)을 다루는 공정 설계 시 고려해야 할 중요한 변수로써, 발화원이 존재할 때 가연성가스와 공기가 혼합하여 일정 농도범위 내에서만 연소가 이루어지는 혼합범위를 말한다.(중략)

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.1-5
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• 1997

The volatile components of Lycium chinensis Miller were isolated by simultaneous steam distillation-extraction(SDE) method and analyzed by combined GC and GC-MS. Fifty-four volatile components, including 12 alcolhols 12 esters, 7 aldehydes, 6 acids, 5 ydrocarbons, 8 ketones, 1 furan and 3 pyrazines were confirmed in the fruit of Lycium chinensis Miller. The major components were hexadecanoic acid ethyl ester, 1-octadecanone, tetrapyrazine, 2-furancarboxaldehyde and ethyl linoleate.

• Proceedings of the Korean Fiber Society Conference
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.207-210
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• 2001

폴리비닐알코올(poly(vinyl alcohol) ： PVA)은 우수한 기계적 성능과 계면특성 및 내약품성 등을 가진 고분자로서 호제, 의류나 산업용 섬유, 편광 및 포장용 필름, 분리용 필터 및 의학용 고분자에 이르기까지 광범위한 활용 범위를 갖는다 비닐알코올(vinyl alcohol)의 호변이성질화[1] 때문에 단량체의 직접중합에 의해서는 얻을 수 없는 PVA는 분자량, 비누화도 및 입체규칙성 정도에 따라 물성이 크게 변화하므로, 이에 따른 표면특성의 변화 정도를 종합적으로 검토할 필요성이 제기되고 있다. (중략)

• Proceedings of the Korean Fiber Society Conference
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.368-370
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• 2001

폴리비닐알코올(poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA))은 구조적인 단량체인 비닐알코올의 호변 이성질화 때문에 직접 중합에 의해서는 얻을 수 없으며, 아세트산 비닐 (vinyl acetate (VAc))이나 피발산 비닐 (vinyl pivalate (VPi))같은 비닐에스테르 계열 단량체를 사용하여 중합과 비누화 반응을 거쳐 제조되고 비누화 반응에서 모든 측쇄기가 효과적으로 제거되는 히드록시기 함유 선형 결정성 고분자이다[1-4]. (중략)

• Proceedings of the Korean Fiber Society Conference
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• 1999.04a
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• pp.67-70
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• 1999

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.109-113
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• 2007

Adenophora remotiflora (Mosidae) is a perennial plant in the Campanulaceae family and a wild plant that only inhabits in Korea. This research analyzed the volatile compounds in Mosidae and their antioxidant activities. The volatile compounds in fresh, shady air-dried, and freeze-dried Mosidae were isolated by steam-distillation extraction (SDE) method using diethylether as a solvent. Volatile compounds were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Antioxidant activities were determined using the linoleic acid system and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method. Sixty and seventy-two volatile compounds were identified from fresh and shady air-dried Mosidae, respectively. In fresh Mosidae, the most abundant compounds were ethyl acetate and heptyl acetate, while ethyl acetate and limonene were the most abundant in the shady air-dried sample. Inhibition of peroxide formation by fresh Mosidae was higher than that of ${\alpha}-tocopherol$, and inhibition by shady air-dried Mosidae was same as that of ${\alpha}-tocopherol$. Furthermore, volatile compounds from shady air-dried Mosidae had higher free radical scavenging activity than ${\alpha}-tocopherol$. The freeze-dried sample showed lower antioxidant activity in both the linoleic acid system and DPPH method.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.159-164
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• 2006

Volatile components of Phellinus linteus produced from different areas were collected by simultaneous steam distillation-solvent extraction method (SDE). Concentrated extracts analyzed and identified by GC and GC-MS showed musty and earthy characteristics. 2-Methylphenol, methoxy benzene, coumaran, azulene, ${\alpha}-cedrene,\;{\alpha}-longipinene,\;{\beta}-selinene,\;{\alpha}-selinene$, camphor, ${\gamma}-ionone,\;{\beta}-ionone$, phytol, and borneol not reported in other edible mushrooms, were identified and/or tentatively identified in P. linteus for the first time. Main volatile components of P. linteus (Busan-Jinsung: BJ) were phytol from chlorophyll and methoxy benzenes having musty odor. Volatile components of P. linteus (Jinju-Kumwhang: JK) resembled those of BJ, but with high concentration of phenylacetaldehyde contributing to flower-odor. P. linteus (Cheju-Gullim: CG) contained low concentration of methoxy benzenes, but high concentration of phenylacetaldehyde. Low concentrations of ${\gamma}-ionone\;and\;{\beta}-ionone$ were identified in three kinds of P. linteus. They appeared to have been produced from degradation of carotenoid, which suggests P. linteus contains a carotenoid pigment.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.462-469
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• 2012

Cr(VI)-4,4'-bipyridine complex(4,4'-bipyridinium dichromate) was synthesized by the reaction of 4,4'-bipyridine with chromium trioxide in H2O, and characterized by IR, ICP. The oxidation of benzyl alcohol using 4,4'-bipyridinium dichromate in various solvents showed that the reactivity increased with the increase of the dielectric constant(${\varepsilon}$), in the order: cyclohexene$CH_3$, H, m-Br, m-$NO_2$) smoothly in N,N'-dimethylformamide. Electron-donating substituents accelerated the reaction, whereas electron acceptor groups retarded the reaction. The Hammett reaction constant(${\rho}$) was -0.63(303K). The observed experimental data have been rationalized as follows; the proton transfer occurs after the prior formation of a chromate ester in the rate determining step.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.158-163
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• 1990

To investigate symbiotic relationship of 'Chunma (Gastrodia elata) and the rhizomorph of Armillaria mellea, volatile organic acids and alcoholic compounds which were considered to be contained in Gastrodia elata were tested to determine stimulatory effects on rhizomorph growth on a chemically defined medium. Also, volatile organic acids were isolated from Gastrodia elata and analyzed by gas chromatography. The growth of rhizomorph was stimulated by the presence of alcohols and volatile organic acids, but acetic acid and methanol were ineffective. In the presence of valeric acid and ethanol, Armillaria mellea produced abundant rhizomorph at concentrations of 0.1 and 1%, respectively. Ethanol and valeric acid supplemented at regular intervals of 3 days as lower concentrations in the medium stimulated the growth of Armillaria mellea. The concentrations of ethanol and valeric acid as low at 0.01% added 3 days intervals for 15 days were more effective than initial concentrations of 0.1 and 1% in stimulating rhizomorph development of Armillaria mellea. Eight kinds of volatile organic acids were identified and quantified by gas chromatography. The major compounds were n-propionic, valeric, iso-carproic and caproic acids, and the minor compounds were iso-butyric, butyric, iso-valeric and hepatanoic acids. Valeric acid was the most abundant among them.