• 보존과학연구
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• s.11
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• pp.221-233
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• 1990

4종의 상태가 좋은 그리고 2종의 열화된 수침 침엽수재(Pinus massoniana,Pinus.densiflora, Cunninghamia lanceolata, Crypto meria japonica)를 PEG400과PEG4,000용액으로 처리하였다. 모든 종이 안정화처리에 똑같게 반응을 보였다. 전체적으로 건전재나 약간 열화된 수침재는 PEG400 20%용액으로 처리한 결과 치수안정화가 달성되었다. PEG4,000의 50%용액으로 처리한 목재의 건조에 대한 수축은 심하게 열화된 목재에 대해 열화되지 않은 목재에서는 1/2에서 1/3정도 감소하였다. 엄격한 상관관계가 최적안정화를 위해 PEG와 목재의 밀도간에 존재한다. 최적으로 처리된 목재는 86%상대습도 이하에서는 축축하게 되지 않는다. PEG400과 PEG4,000으로 처리한 2단부함침이 황해에서 구조된 중국 정크선의 목재를 안정화시키는데 대해 추천된다.

• Tunnel and Underground Space
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.505-514
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• 2015

In this study, a stabilizing equipment was developed to resolve the problems of existing stabilization construction method for contaminated soil. The field application and workability of the stabilizing equipment were verified through field demonstration tests and laboratory tests. The field application of the stabilizing equipment was identified through field demonstration tests. As a result of laboratory tests for field mixed soil, the mixing capability of stabilizer of the developed construction method was better than that of existing construction method.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2004.05a
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• pp.168-168
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• 2004

본 논문은 헤테로다인 간섭계를 이용한 레이저 진동 측정기에 대해 기술하고 있다. 상용 레이저 진동 측정기가 대부분 AOM을 이용하여 주파수 천이를 일으키는 반면, 본 연구에서는 Zeeman 안정화 He-Ne 레이저를 사용하므로써, 서로 다른 주파수를 가지는 레이저를 동시에 얻을 수 있었다. 따라서, Zeeman 안정화 He-Ne 레이저를 사용하는 진동측정기의 경우 간섭계 구성을 위해 사용되는 비용을 현저히 줄일 수 있다. 또한, AOM의 고주파 신호를 처리하기 위해서는 RE 대역의 신호처리 회로 설계가 필요하지만, Zeeman 안정화 레이저의 주파수 천이가 낮으므로, 제안된 진동측정기의 신호처리가 용이하다.(중략)

• Journal of Adhesion and Interface
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.10-17
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• 2004

We investigated the effect of stabilization processing parameters on the thermal shrinkage, thermal stability and microstructure of rayon fabrics stabilized under various conditions such as heating rate, stabilization temperature, atmosphere gas, and chemical treatment. The presence and absence of phosphoric acid treatment and the heating rate have most importantly influenced the thermal shrinkage and the weight change of rayon fabrics. Especially, the phosphoric acid treatment decreases the reduction of thickness, length, and weight of the fabrics by about 80%, 20%, and 26%, respectively, in comparison with the untreated counterparts, showing the protective effectiveness of the thermal shrinkage involved. The thermal stability of stabilized rayon fabrics is also affected by all the processing conditions used: stabilization temperature, phosphoric acid treatment, atmosphere gas, and heating rate. In addition, the surface and diameter of the stabilized fiber significantly depend on the treatment of phosphoric acid prior to stabilization process.

• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.100-106
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• 2007

The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of $(NH_4)_2HPO_4$, $Na_2HPO_4{\cdot}12H_2O$, $CaHPO_4{\cdot}2H_2O$, $Ca(H_2PO_4)_2{\cdot}H_2O$ and $H_3PO_4$ for the stabilization of soils contaminated with multi-metals containing Pb, Cd and As. The application rate of stabilizers to soils was determined based on $PO_4/Pb_{total}$ molar ratio of 0.5, 1, 2, 4. The results of Korea Standard Test and TCLP (EPA Method 1311) showed the reduction of metal leachabilities below the regulatory limits for Pb and Cd when $H_3PO_4$ and $Ca(H_2PO_4)_2{\cdot}H_2O$ were applied. However, stabilization efficiency for Cd was low and in case of As leaching concentration increased rather. It is considered that $PO_4$ reacted effectively $Pb^{2+}$ due to leaching Pb under low pH condition created by adding $H_3PO_4$. Accordingly Pb was stabilized by dissolution and precipitation of hydroxypyromorphite. From the change of metals fraction using sequential extraction procedure when $H_3PO_4$ applied as a stabilizer, we confirmed that residual fraction increased more than 60% and this result was accorded with XRD analysis that detected only hydroxypyromorphite peak in $H_3PO_4$.

• Journal of Adhesion and Interface
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.146-159
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• 2013

In the present study, stabilized rayon fabrics were prepared from fast isothermal stabilization processes, which were carried out within four minutes at $350^{\circ}C$. The effects of ultrasonic cleaning and chemical pre-treatment on the chemical composition, physical characteristics, X-ray diffraction pattern, thermal stability and shape of the stabilized rayon fabrics were investigated extensively. In order to reduce the weight loss and thermal shrinkage of rayon fabrics occurring during the stabilization process, ultrasonic cleaning was first conducted and then chemical pre-treatments using $NH_4Cl$, $Na_3PO_4$, $H_3PO_4$, and $ZnCl_2$ were performed, respectively. The results indicated that both ultrasonic cleaning and chemical pre-treatment influenced the weight loss, thermal shrinkage, microstructure, carbon content, thermal stability and fabric shape of stabilized rayon fabrics. Also the results depended on the fast-stabilization time and the type of chemical pre-treatment agents used.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.8 no.1 s.11
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• pp.28-32
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• 1999

The performance of dimensional stabilization of lactitol, PEG (Mw, 4000), and sucrose was evaluated for thin sections of oak wood (Quercus sp.) that had been buried in underground for presumably 1500 years. Thin wood sections of the specimen were soaked for three and seven days in each stabilizing agent with wide concentration ranges of 10, 30, 50, and $70\%$ by weight. Sucrose showed the largest weight gain among three agents, and the shrinkage of cross sections were found to be $1\%\;and\;4\%$ for three and seven days soaking, respectively. The result showed that sucrose among three stabilizing agents used was the best for the dimensional stabilization of the oak wood.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.34 no.11
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• pp.751-756
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• 2012

In this study, a heavy-metal stabilization treatment using stabilizing agents derived from waste resources was utilized on Incheon North Port range sediment contaminated with Pb, Zn, and Cu. Both calcined red mud (5%, 10%, and 15% w/w) and oyster shell (5%, 10%, and 15% w/w) were applied for a wet-curing duration of 15 days. From the sequential extraction results, the oxide and organic fraction of heavy metals (Pb, Zn, and Cu) were observed strongly in the contaminated sediment. However, the fraction of heavy metal in the stabilized sediment was higher than the organic and residual fraction, in comparison to the contaminated sediment. Moreover, the leaching of heavy metals was reduced in the stabilized sediment, compared with the contaminated sediment. From these results, red mud and oyster shell were shown to be potential stabilizers of heavy metals in contaminated sediment.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.47-53
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of a stabilization treatment for As contaminated soil. A combination of hydrated lime, Portland cement, $FeCl_3{\cdot}6H_2O$, and NaOH were used as stabilizing agents. The effectiveness of stabilization treatment was evaluated by the Korean Standard Test (KST) method (1N HCl extraction). Sequential extractions were performed to investigate the As distribution after treatment. Following the application of the treatment, curing periods of up to 7 and 28days were investigated. The experimental results showed that a combination of hydrated lime/Portland cement was more effective than treatments of hydrated lime or Portland cement at immobilizing As in the contaminated soil. The treatment of 25wt% hydrated lime and 5wt% Portland cement was effective in reducing As leachability less than the Korean warning standard of 20 mg/kg. However, the treatments of hydrated lime and Portland cement failed to meet the Korean warning standard even when up to 30 wt% was used. The treatment utilizing hydrated lime and $FeCl_3{\cdot}6H_2O$ was not effective in properly reducing As leachability. The addition of $FeCl_3{\cdot}6H_2O$ was negative in terms of pH condition. Moreover, the treatment with hydrated lime/NaOH was effective in reducing As leachability but not as much as hydrated lime/Portland cement. The sequential extraction results indicated that the residual phase was greatly increased upon the treatment of hydrated lime/Portland cement. It was concluded that the hydrated lime/Portland cement treatment was the best among the other combinations studied at achieving trace As concentrations.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.37-40
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• 1984

A simple and low cost autogenous-type extruder with a capacity of about 400kg/hr for rice bran-oil stabilization was developed. Specific energy consumption of the extruder was 0.060-0.070 KWH/kg of rice bran during extrusion. Rice bran was easily extruded to form flakes or pellets with an increase of bulk density. And also the desired extrusion temperature of $95^{\circ}C{\;}to{\;}150^{\circ}C$ could be easily obtained without any water addition when the rice bran was properly parametered with feed rate. The moisture content of bran was reduced and peroxidase was significantly inactivated after extrusion. The rice bran stabilized by the extrusion process was excellent in storage stability without considerable increase in free fatty acids.