• 한국노년학
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.793-802
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of extreme heat on muscle function and muscle injury marker in elderly women. The subjects of this study were eight post-menopausal elderly women without any metabolic disease. All eight subjects were asked to perform the knee joint isokinetic exercise using isokinetic equipment (cybex) in the laboratory and experimental temperature within laboratory was adjusted to two conditions: extreme heat temperature(33±0.5℃) and normal temperature(20±0.5℃) maintained in 50±3% humidity conditions. Each experimental exercise was monitored and analyzed the change of HSP70, LDH and CK. Muscular functions (peak torque, total work, percentage of peak torque body weight, fatigue index, average power and total work) were significant differences at exercise between temperatural conditions (p<.05). In extreme heat temperature, muscular injury markers (HSP70, LDH and CK) were increased, threfore resulted in significantly higher than normal temperature(p<.05). These results show that extreme heat temperature can decrease muscle function in elderly women.

• 한국노년학
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.531-548
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to provide basic data in order to improve service quality based on empirical analyses about a relationship among positive psychological capitals, service quality, and job satisfaction of professional care workers under the Long-Term Care Insurance in South Korea. In this study, total 430 numbers of the workers who were currently working in nursing homes for the elderly at the cities of Ansan, Anyang, Bucheon, and Kwangmyeong in Gyeonggi Province, South Korea, participated in self-report questionnaires. Only 393 questionnaires were used for the final analyses after excluding the ones that neither were not returned nor didn't completed it all. These are major results. First, positive psychological capitals affect positively on service quality. Second, job satisfaction works as a mediating effect in the process of positive psychological capitals affect on service quality. Based on above results, it is possible to suggest it as down below. First, it is required to have policies that will be helpful for both positive psychological capitals and capacity building through human resource management in systematic approaches. Second, it is also required to acknowledge that having positive psychological capitals is effective to improve both their job satisfaction and service quality. Therefore, it is necessary to change environmental circumstances in relevant institutions where this acknowledgement will be applied.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2022.10a
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• pp.276-279
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• 2022

The 4th industrial revolution refers to the transition to a knowledge society in which the production speed of knowledge is fast and the proportion of the knowledge industry is greatly increased. The reorganization of the industrial structure and the change of occupations and jobs due to new technologies are bringing about changes in education, and the development of digital technology has made education that is borderless, individual and dynamic, becoming the new standard of education. With these changes, interest in nano-degrees on new technologies or micro-degrees focused on core courses rather than regular course degrees is increasing. As a representative example, Udacity in the United States has opened and operated online nanodegree courses related to jobs, and collaborates with major companies to develop and educate core training courses necessary for companies, thereby efficiently supporting companies in securing talent. With the revitalization of online vocational and job training, an environment has been prepared in which individuals can set goals for vocational competency development and continue their portfolio-based sustainable learning. However, for effective vocational education, automated and personalized educational content design should be preceded. To this end, in this paper, we propose a personalized career and course map recommendation system in the era of online learning

• Journal of Practical Engineering Education
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.557-570
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• 2023

The purpose of this study is to develop a digital-based non-face-to-face instructional design model for national public servants. For this purpose, we reviewed the direction of non-face-to-face instructional design based on previous research, and interviewed a total of 10 instructors and learners with experience in non-face-to-face education to identify the success factors of non-face-to-face instructional design for government employees. In addition, to ensure the validity of the instructional design model, a Delphi survey was conducted with experts in instructional design and educational management. As a result, the digital-based instructional design model for national public servants reflects the importance of learning objectives and content design to enhance learning motivation and improve educational effectiveness, and includes detailed implementation plans to support specific and clear performance activities for instructors in non-face-to-face education situations. The instructional design model developed through this study can be expanded as a standard for improving the quality of education in public human resource development, and can be used as a teaching and learning guide according to learner types and characteristics.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.40 no.5
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• pp.988-1000
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• 2023

Hesperetin(HT) is a potent antioxidant flavonoid aglycone derived from hesperidin(HD). The antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activities of HT and its cyclodextrin(CD) inclusion complexes were compared in vitro. HT was prepared by enzymatic hydrolysis of HD, and HT/CD complexes were prepared using 𝛽-cyclodextrin(𝛽-CD) and hydroxypropyl-𝛽-cyclodextrin(HP-𝛽-CD) by solvent co-evaporation method. The solubility of the HT/HP-𝛽-CD inclusion complex increased 93.5-fold compared to HT, and the solubility of HT/𝛽-CD increased 22.5-fold. The HT/HP-𝛽-CD inclusion complex showed a similar effect as HT on radical scavenging activity in antioxidant assays, whereas the HT/𝛽-CD inclusion complex showed slightly lower activity than HT. Cytotoxicity was low in the following order; HT/HP-𝛽-CD, HT/𝛽-CD, and HT in murine macrophage RAW264.7 cells. Treatment with HT and HT/CD inclusion complexes reduced the levels of inflammatory mediators such as nitric oxide(NO), tumor necrosis factor-𝛼(TNF-𝛼) and interleukin-6(IL-6) in the cells. HT and HT/HP-𝛽-CD inclusion complex were more effective than HT/𝛽-CD inclusion complex at relatively low concentrations. Inhibitory effects were tested on skin-pathogenic bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and they showed an antimicrobial effect on S. aureus in the order of HT = HT/HP-𝛽-CD > HT/𝛽-CD, but they did not show any significant inhibitory effect on P. aeruginosa. In conclusion, HT, the aglycone form of HD, and its CD inclusion complexes showed various biological activities. HT/HP-𝛽-CD inclusion complex, which is the highly soluble form of HT, showed relatively higher activity compared to HT/𝛽-CD inclusion complex.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.40 no.5
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• pp.936-944
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• 2023

The purpose of this study is to verify the effect of essence containing Coptis Japonica extract on skin barrier strengthening and moisturizing. The essence containing the Coptis Japonica extract was used by 22 subjects for four weeks, and the amount of percutaneous water loss (g/m²h) and water (A.U.) in the designated upper limit were measured. As a result of measuring percutaneous water loss using a vapometer, it was found to be 11.08±2.55 after 4 weeks of use from 14.82±4.01 before use, and the significance probability decreased significantly by 25.27% to p<0.001. The amount of skin moisture measured by the Corneometer was found to be 46.73±7.45 after use from 31.73±8.09 before use, and the significance probability increased by 47.26% to p<0.001, and the subject's subjective efficacy evaluation through a questionnaire showed that all subjects were 100% satisfied without skin adverse reactions. As a result of this, it has been confirmed that Coptis Japonica essence is effective in strengthening skin barriers and moisturizing, which is expected to be a cornerstone for the development of cosmetics using various activities of Coptis Japonica extract in the future.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.251-264
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• 2022

Previous researches related to emotional labor have been cross-sectional studies focusing on static differences in emotional exhaustion. Previous studies on these relationships have not highlighted the dynamic properties of these relationships. This purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of emotional labor strategy on perceived emotional exhaustion and depression. This study was conducted by paying attention to the fact that service industry workers who have to respond kindly to customers often have to show emotions which is necessary for their business to the outside world rather than showing their true emotions. The results of this study are summarized as follows. First, it was confirmed that surface acting had a positive influence on emotional exhaustion, but deep acting had a negative influence to emotional exhaustion. Second, it was found that surface acting had a positive influence on depression, but deep acting had a negative influence on depression. Third, it was confirmed that the effect of deep acting on emotional exhaustion decreased when emotional labor was performed through deep acting on Mondays, Tuesdays, and Wednesdays, while emotional exhaustion was not significant on Thursdays and Fridays. Fourth, it was confirmed that the difference in the effect of emotional labor strategy on depression was greater in the case of performing emotional labor through surface acting than in the case of performing emotional labor through deep acting.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.16-24
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• 2024

Background: Indoor PM_2.5 concentrations in residential houses can be affected by various factors depending on the season. This is because not only do the climate characteristics depend on the season, but the activity patterns of occupants are also different. Objectives: The purpose of this study is to compare factors affecting indoor PM_2.5 concentrations in apartments and detached houses in Daegu according to seasonal changes. Methods: This study included 20 households in Daegu, South Korea. The study was conducted during the summer (from July 10 to August 10, 2023) and the autumn (from September 11 to October 9, 2023). A sensor-based instrument for PM_2.5 levels was installed in the living room of each residence, and measurements were taken continuously for 24 hours at intervals of one minute during the measurement period. Based on the air quality monitoring system data in Daegu, outdoor PM_2.5 concentrations were estimated using ordinary kriging (OK) in Python. In addition, the indoor activities of the occupants were investigated using a time-activity pattern diary. The affecting factors of indoor PM_2.5 concentration were analyzed using multiple regression analysis. Results: Indoor and outdoor PM_2.5 concentrations of the residences during summer were 15.27±11.09 ㎍/m³ and 11.52±7.56 ㎍/m³, respectively. Indoor and outdoor PM_2.5 concentrations during autumn were 13.82±9.61 ㎍/m³ and 9.57±5.50 ㎍/m³, respectively. The PM_2.5 concentrations were higher in summer compared to autumn both indoors and outdoors. The primary factor affecting indoor PM_2.5 concentration in summer was occupant activity. On the other hand, during the autumn season, the primary affecting factor was outdoor PM_2.5 concentration. Conclusions: Indoor PM_2.5 concentration in residential houses is affected by occupant activity such as the inflow of outdoor PM_2.5 concentration, cooking, and cleaning, as found in previous studies. However, it was revealed that there were differences depending on the season.

• The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.140-146
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• 2008

Marine ecotoxicological standard method using fish larvae was established with the standard test species of Oryzias latipes(Japanese Medaka) and Paralichthys olivaceus(flounder) and with the 7 day $LC_{50}$ as endpoint. Test method referred to the USEPA(1994) with the replacement of test species found in the Korean water. Standard test species were selected in terms of the species supply and ecological importance in Korean waters. Japanese medaka can be reared with small tanks in the lab and has wide tolerance on salinity, and flounder eggs can be easily obtained from commercial fish hatcheries. General conditions for larval fish toxicity test are as follows. The possible salinity ranges for toxicity test were $0{\sim}35\;psu$ for medaka and >20 psu for flounder. Test type was designated as static non-renewal test if the dissolved oxygen in the test chamber does not fall below 4.0 mg/L. Ages of test species were selected as 7 days after hatched for medaka(about 5 mm TL) and 25 days for flounder(about 10 mm TL) because of the low natural mortality after these periods. Test can be accepted when the survival rates are over 80% in control. Also, species sensitivity on standard reference materials(copper, cadmium or zinc) must be provided with the toxicity test results.

• The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.106-111
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• 2008

Six standard methods for marine ecotoxicological tests were established(or applicated) using marine decomposer, primary producers and consumers. Development processes referred to the standard methods established by USEPA(United States Environmental Protection Agency), international organizations and European methods. However, the standard test species were selected among the domestic species generally found in the Korean waters and sediments. The test methods provide the culture/maintenance of test species, test methods, reproducibility and quality acceptance criteria etc. A total of nine test species were designated including bioluminescent bacteria(Vibrio fischeri), diatom(Skeletonema costatum), seaweed(Ulva pertusa), rotifer(Brachionus plicatilis), benthic copepod(Tigriopus japonicus), benthic amphipods(Mandibulophoxus mai, Monocorophium acherusicum), and fishes(Oryzias latipes, Paralichthys olivaceus). These test species represent the decomposer, primary producer and consumers in marine trophic system in Korean coastal ecosystems, and we recommend the "battery test" including at least one species from the each trophic level for marine ecotoxicological test.