• Title/Summary/Keyword: 안면신호

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Face Feature Extraction for Child Ocular Inspection and Diagnosis of Colics by Crying Analysis (소아 망진을 위한 얼굴 특징 추출 및 영아 산통 진단을 위한 울음소리 분석)

  • Cho Dong-Uk;Kim Bong-Hyun
    • The KIPS Transactions:PartB
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    • v.13B no.2 s.105
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    • pp.97-104
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    • 2006
  • There is no method to control for the child efficiently when disease happens who cannot be able to express his symptoms. Therefore, doctor's diagnosis depends on inquiring from child's patients, that leads to wrong diagnosis result. For this, in this paper, we would like to develop child ocular inspection, auscultation diagnosis instruments, using Oriental medicine principle that living body signal of five organs and six hallow organs which reflects patients face and voice We would like to get more accurate diagnosis result for child's symptoms from doctor's intuition on the basis of diagnostic sight visualization, objectification, quantization itself. This paper develops color revision, YCbCr application, and face color selection and five sensory organs and nose or apex extraction method etc, in child ocular inspection by first work achievement sequence among the whole development systems. Also, in occasion of child auscultation, crying characteristics of colics through pitch, intensity and formant analysis is numerized and objectifies doctor's intuition through this. Finally, experiments are performed to verify the effectiveness of the proposed methods.

The Flora of Experiment Forest of Kookmin University (국민대학교 학술림의 식물상)

  • Choi, Im Jun;Lee, Jong-Won;Lim, Won Taek;Jang, Jun Ho;Kang, Shin-Ho
    • Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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    • 2019.04a
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    • pp.45-45
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    • 2019
  • 학술림은 학생, 교수, 산림 연구기관의 실험 실습 등의 연구 기능을 하는 숲이며, 경제적, 사회적 및 환경적으로 큰 의미가 있어, 학술연구 및 교육에 있어서 중요한 필수 자산이다. 국내에 분포하는 학술림의 전체면적은 약 34,941ha로 국내 전체 면적 6,335,000ha의 0.55%를 차지하고 있다. 국내 학술림을 행정적으로 남부, 중부 및 북부 세권역으로 나눠볼 수 있는데 중부권역에 속해있는 한 곳인 국민대학교 학술림의 자생식물을 조사하였다. 국민대학교 학술림이 위치한 경상북도 안동시 길안면 배방리 일대는 청송 유네스코 세계지질공원 및 주왕산국립공원과 인접함에도 불구하고 연구가 부족한 실정이다. 본 연구에서 확인된 관속식물은 97과 292속 518종 등 총 518분류군으로 조사되었으며, 산림청지정 희귀식물로는 댕댕이나무, 산분꽃나무, 시호, 솜양지꽃, 산마늘 등 10분류군이 확인되었고, 특산식물은 청괴불나무, 참배암차즈기, 고려엉겅퀴, 분취 등 9분류군이 확인되었다. 식물구계학적 특정식물은 I등급은 고려엉겅퀴, 백선, 뻐꾹채, 초롱꽃, 투구꽃 등 26분류군, II등급은 곰취, 구와취, 노랑제비꽃, 채고추나물, 호오리새 등 11분류군, III등급은 복자기, 시닥나무, 참조팝나무, 눈개승마, 다북떡쑥 등 24분류군, Ⅳ등급은 개아마, 뚝사초, 산마늘, 왜방풍, 참배암차즈기 등 8분류군, V등급은 산분꽃나무 1분류군으로 확인되었다.

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Analysis of trends in the dental care quality improvement contests (치과 의료의 질 향상(Quality improvement) 경진대회 경향 분석)

  • Hwang, Soo-Jeong;Shin, Hosung;Kim, Jin;Kim, Myoung-Hee;Ahn, Eunsuk
    • Journal of Korean Academy of Dental Administration
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    • v.9 no.1
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    • pp.38-43
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    • 2021
  • Based on data from the Korean Academy for Dental Administration, which has been conducting the Dental Quality Improvement (QI) Contest since 2010, we aimed to provide basic data for the development of dental quality improvement indicators by analyzing the trends of dental quality improvement activities. A total of 54 articles in the dental QI contest from 2015 to 2021 were used to search for frequently used words and to classify the quality of dental care. The criteria for the quality dimension of dental care were first classified into structure, process, and outcome, and secondary classification was performed into patient safety, timeliness, patient-centeredness, equity, efficiency, effectiveness, and accessibility. The frequently used key terms were satisfaction (five times), efficiency (four times), system (three times), and implant (three times). The activities for process evaluation were high at 62.26%, structural evaluation activities at 35.85%, and outcome evaluation activities at 1.89%. According to the components of dental care quality improvement, the activity performed under efficiency was the highest (33.96%), followed by patient-centeredness (18.87%), effectiveness (16.98%), patient safety (15.09%), accessibility (5.66%), timeliness (1.89%), and the equity (1.89%). QI activities in dental hospitals were mainly activities on improvement in structure and process, as well as activities on efficiency, patient-centeredness, effectiveness, and patient safety.

EFFECTS OF SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION PATHWAY IN THE RAS-INDUCED CELLULAR TRANSFORMATION OF HUMAN EPITHELIAL CELLS IN CULTURE (인체 상피세포에서 ras-종양유전자의 발암화가 신호 전달 기작에 미치는 영향)

  • Jang, Do-Geun;Byeon, Ki-Jeong;Kim, Chin-Soo
    • Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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    • v.26 no.3
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    • pp.254-261
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    • 2000
  • The present study has attempted to look into the mechanism of ras-induced carcinogenesis in a human epithelial cell system. Human epithelial cells immortalized with Ad12-SV40 hybrid virus were used to assess carcinogenic potential of the ras-oncogene. Cells transfected with pSV2-ras showed characteristics of cellular transformation. The transformation parameters such as cell density, soft-agar colony formation, and cell aggregation were significantly increased in the cells expressing ras oncoprotein. In addition, the duration required for the appearance of foci was shortened in the ras-transfected cells. Consistent with other reports, our results demonstrated an evidence that the ras-oncogene induced the cellular transformation of human epithelial cell system. When a high concentration of glucocorticoid was added into the media, transformation process was accelerated. It is speculated that glucocorticoid may provide an advantageous environment for the proliferation of the transformed cells. The induction of the intracellular free calcium concentrations following agonist treatment was significantly lower in the transformed cells than in the control cells. These effects were more manifested in the presence of extracellular cacium, indicating that the transformation process may alter the influx pathway of extracellular calcium. The induction of $IP_3$ following agonist treatment was also lower in the transformed cells than in the control cells. Thus, it is suggested that phospholipase C-coupled pathway was down-regulated in the process of the ras-induced transformation. While the levels of $TGF-{\beta}_1$ and PAI-2 mRNAs were decreased, the level of fibronectin mRNA was increased. The results indicate that mechanism of the ras-induced transformation may be associated with the altered expressions of growth regulatory factors. The present study demonstrates an evidence that the ras-induced cellular transformation may be associated with alteration of signal transduction and growth regulatory factors. The study will contribute to improve the understanding of molecular mechanism of epithelium-derived cancers including oral cancer.

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An Improved CBRP using Secondary Header in Ad-Hoc network (Ad-Hoc 네트워크에서 보조헤더를 이용한 개선된 클러스터 기반의 라우팅 프로토콜)

  • Hur, Tai-Sung
    • Journal of the Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
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    • v.9 no.1
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    • pp.31-38
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    • 2008
  • Ad-Hoc network is a network architecture which has no backbone network and is deployed temporarily and rapidly in emergency or war without fixed mobile infrastructures. All communications between network entities are carried in ad-hoc networks over the wireless medium. Due to the radio communications being extremely vulnerable to propagation impairments, connectivity between network nodes is not guaranteed. Therefore, many new algorithms have been studied recently. This study proposes the secondary header approach to the cluster based routing protocol (CBRP). The primary header becomes abnormal status so that the primary header can not participate in the communications between network entities, the secondary header immediately replaces the primary header without selecting process of the new primary header. This improves the routing interruption problem that occurs when a header is moving out from a cluster or in the abnormal status. The performances of proposed algorithm ACBRP(Advanced Cluster Based Routing Protocol) are compared with CBRP. The cost of the primary header reelection of ACBRP is simulated. And results are presented in order to show the effectiveness of the algorithm.

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Mesenchymal Smad4 mediated signaling is essential for palate development (구개 형성과정에서 간엽 내 Smad4 매개 신호전달의 역할)

  • Yoon, Chi-Young;Baek, Jin-A;Cho, Eui-Sic;Ko, Seung-O
    • Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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    • v.36 no.6
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    • pp.460-465
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    • 2010
  • Introduction: A cleft palate is a common birth defect in humans with an incidence of 1/500 to 1/1,000 births. It appears to be caused by multiple genetic and environmental factors during palatogenesis. Many molecules are involved in palate formation but the biological mechanisms underlying the normal palate formation and cleft palate are unclear. Accumulating evidence suggests that transforming growth factor $\beta$/bone morphogenetic proteins (TGF-$\beta$/BMP) family members mediate the epithelial-mesenchymal interactions during palate formation. However, their roles in palatal morphogenesis are not completely understood. Materials and Methods: To understand the roles of TGF-$\beta$/BMP signaling in vivo during palatogenesis, mice with a palatal mesenchyme- specific deletion of Smad4, a key intracellular mediator of TGF-$\beta$/BMP signaling, were generated and analyzed using the Osr2Ires-Cre mice. Results: The mutant mice were alive at the time of birth with open eyelids and complete cleft palate but died within 24 hours after birth. In skeletal preparation, the horizontal processes of the palatine bones in mutants were not formed and resulted in a complete cleft palate. At E13.5, the palatal shelves of the mutants were growing as normally as those of theirwild type littermates. However, the palatal shelves of the mutants were not elevated at E14.5 in contrast to the elevated palatal shelves of the wild type mice. At E15.5, the palatal shelves of the mutants were elevated over the tongue but did not come in contact with each other, resulting in a cleft palate. Conclusion: These results suggest that mesenchymal Smad4 mediated signaling is essential for the growth of palatal processes and suggests that TGF-$\beta$/BMP family members are essential regulators during palate development.

RELATIVE SIGNAL INTENSITY OF RETRODISCAL TISSUE IN MRI, AND SYNOVIAL FLUID CONCENTRATION OF INTERLEUKIN-6, MMP-2 AND MMP-9 IN TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT DISORDER (악관절질환에서 MRI 상 관절원판 후조직의 상대적 신호강도와 관절액의 Interleukin-6, MMP-2 및 MMP-9 농도)

  • Lee, Sang-Hwa;Choie, Mok-Kyun
    • Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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    • v.31 no.5
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    • pp.399-408
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    • 2005
  • In the progression of the Temporomandibular Joint Disorder(TMD), not only deformation and perforation of disc occur. But also fibrotic adhesion and inflammatory changes to the retrodiscal tissue can be seen in addition to the condylar degenerative change (e.g. osteoarthritis). However, the correct diagnosis,?planning for appropriate treatment, and prediction of prognosis are limited, because there are no means to stage the progression of the disorder. In this study relative signal intensity of retrodiscal tissue in MRI and the synovial fluid concentration of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), MMP-9, and Interleukin-6(IL-6) in the 23 temporomandibular joints(TMJ), from 17 patients with TMD were evaluated as a possible diagnostic marker. The relative signal intensity of retrodiscal tissue was referenced to brain gray matter with same region of interest(ROI) size. The concentrations of MMP-2, MMP-9, and IL-6 were evaluated by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). The collected data were compared with condylar degenerative change, joint effusion and disc position observed in MRI. The relative signal intensity of the retrodiscal tissue was increased significantly when degenerative changes were present. In addition, there was significantly high signal intensity in the presence of a disc displaced without reduction. The concentration of IL-6 was significantly increased when condylar degenerative change was no observed. And there were no changes in the levels of IL-6 according to disc position and joint effusion measurement. Moreover, there were no significant relevance between the concentration of total MMP-2 and active MMP-9 in synovial fluid, relative to degenerative changes in the mandibular condyle, to joint effusion, and to disc position observed on MRI images. In conclusion, the relative signal intensity of the retrodiscal tissue can be regarded as a mean of diagnosing the procession of TMD in a non-invasive manner. But more additional studies are required for the levels of MMP-2. MMP-9, and IL-6 to determine their potentials as a diagnostic marker for TMD.

Gene Expression Profiling of Human Salivary Gland Carcinogenesis with cDNA Microarray (인간 타액선 암발생에서 cDNA Microarray를 이용한 유전자발현 Profile연구)

  • Kim, Eun-Cheol;Shin, Min;Lee, Dong-Geun;Lee, Ju-Seok;Park, Myung-Hee
    • Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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    • v.23 no.4
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    • pp.306-323
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    • 2001
  • 종양발생에서 유전자 발현을 확인하고 profile 변화를 monitor하는 것은 병리학적 변화의 원인뿐 아니라 질병탐지와 진료의 새로운 목표를 확인하기 위한 새로운 기회를 제공해준다. cDNA microarray는 수천개의 유전자 발현을 동시에 연구할 수 있는 최신의 방법으로 피부, 유방, 간을 비롯한 다른 인체장기에서는 일부 이루어졌으나 array를 이용해 타액선 종양 연구에서는 전혀 이루어지지 않았다. 인간의 타액선 세포의 악성형질전환을 조절하는 분자적 상태를 연구하기 위해 본 연구는 약 2,000개의 유전자가 print된 cDNA microarray를 이용하여 인간 타액선 도관상피세포주(HSG)와 악하선에서 기원한 미분화 선암종(SGT)간에 비교연구를 하였다. Cy3와 Cy5 dye로 각각의 세포주에서 얻은 RNA와 reciprocal hybridize시키고 GenePix 4000 scanner로 스캔하고 GenePix Pro로 분석한 후 log2로 평균발현비율을 전환시켜 최소 2배이상의 발현을 보이는 유전자를 분석대상으로 하였다. 90%이상의 유전자가 비슷한 발현을 보였으며 2배이상의 발현을 보이는 경우 HSG가 SGT에 비해 72개 유전자가, SGT가 HSG에 비해 111개의 유전자 발현이 up-regulation되어 총 10%미만의 발현차이를 보였고 반복된 hybridization 으로부터 얻은 선택된 spot의 Pearson 상관계수는 -0.85이였다. HSG에서는 6번 p 염색체에서 과발현되는 유전자가 가장 많았고, SGT에서는 11번 q 염색체에서 가장 많았는데 HSG에서는 SGT에 비해 9, 13, 17, 18, 20, 21, 22염색체에서 과발현 되는 유전자 수가 많았고, SGT에서는 HSG에 비해 2, 7, 10, 15 염색체에서 유전자 발현 증가가 관찰되었다. HSG와 SGT간의 유전 발현을 기능별로 분석한 결과 몇 가지 주요 경로가 세포악성에 관련됨을 발견하였고, 타액선 도관상피세포에서 선암종을 구별하는데 기여하는 관련된 몇종의 과다 발현된 유전자를 찾았는데 전사인자, 성장인자 및 수용기, 세포골격 및 세포외기질 단백, 세포내 신호전달조절자 및 인자, 세포표면 항원등의 그룹으로 분류할 수 있었다. 따라서 이러한 microarray를 이용한 분자학적 표지자 연구가 악성 타액선 종양 발생과정에서 큰 도움을 줄 수 있을 뿐 아니라 유전자 조절에 의한 진단, 예후, 치료에서의 정확성을 개선시킬 수 있으리라 여겨진다.

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Apo Taq expression on salivary glands by the restraint stress in Rat (구속 스트레스에 대한 백서 타액선의 Apo Taq 발현)

  • Cho, Sung-Kuk;Kang, Soo-Kyung;Auh, Q-Schick;Chun, Yang-Hyun;Hong, Jung-Pyo
    • Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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    • v.38 no.4
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    • pp.291-298
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    • 2013
  • On this study, we treated rats with restraint stress, and observed the changes with an optical microscope. Within the salivary gland tissue, we measured cell apoptosis cycle evaluation which show positive reaction on TUNEL assay, and compared within the groups. For this study, 18 rats were divided into 3 groups; 1) 2 rats of group I were selected as a normal control. 2) 2 rats of group II, as a experimental control were placed in the restraint cone for 2 hours 3) 14 rats of group III were placed in the restraint cone for 2 hours once a day. The rats were sacrificed immediately (group II, as a experimental control), 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7days after application of the stress and the both parotid glands were excised. The conclusions follow. 1. 5 days after giving an confining stress to the parotid gland of Rats, we can observe the hypotropy and pus and inflammation of Rat parotid gland acinar cells, and after 7 days, we can see a cell apoptosis. 2. Through the In situ DNA end labeling assay and TUNEL dye, on serous glands, benign tumor cell increased with statistically significant result after 5 days from confining stress. And the index shows maximum value on 7th days, which is same result with histological opinion. Therefore, our study shows that a cell apoptosis can be induced by restraint stress on salivary gland tissue, and we think more study should be accomplished about the cell signaling pathway in the future.

Perfusion RRI of the Brain Using Oxygen Inhalation (산소 호흡을 이용한 뇌의 관류 자기공명영상)

  • 최순섭
    • Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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    • v.4 no.2
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    • pp.113-119
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    • 2000
  • Purpose : To know the possibility of clinical application of MRI using oxygen inhalation as a perfusion MRI Materials and methods : Two healthy volunteers and three patients of one moyamoya disease, one acute infarction and one meningioma were studied using a 1.5 Tesla MRI unit. Oxygen (15 liters/min) mixed with room air was given using face mask from 8 second to 35 second during the study. Images were acquired 25 times (scan time per study were 1.6 seconds) using susceptibility contrast EPI (echo planar image) sequence. Difference maps were acquired by early (study 12-18), and late (study 19-25) O2 inhalation image groups minus pre-O2 inhalation image group (study 3-9) with a Z-score of 0.7-1.0 using VB31C program of Magneton Vision. The resulting perfusion images were created by superimposition of difference maps on corresponding T1 weighted anatomic images. On moyamoya patient, similar perfusion images were acquired after Gd-DTPA injection, and compared with O2 inhalation perfusion images. Results ; The author can get the perfusion images of the brain by oxygen inhalation with susceptibility contrast EPI sequence at the volunteers, and the patient of moyomoya disease, acute infarction and meningioma. On moyamoya patient, perfusion images with O2 inhalation are similar with perfusion images by Gd-DTPA injection. Conclusion 1 This study has demonstrated that the susceptibility contrast EPI by oxygen inhalation can be used as the clinically useful perfusion MRI technique

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