• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.370-373
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• 2010

Preharvest treatment with 4% ethyl oleate on 'Merlot' ($Vitis$ $vinifera$ L.) grape reduced the thickness of the epidermal and hypodermal layers with significantly enhanced pigmentation. Thickness of the skin in treated berries was $90-107{\mu}m$, whereas those in control berries were $126-189{\mu}m$. Decreases in the thickness of epidermal and hypodermal cell layers seemed to be due to cellular death or dehydration by rapid senescence after the treatment. Immediate change observed in treated berries was the deformation of the wax that appeared melted resulting in color improvement. Total anthocyanin was also increased by ethyl oleate treatment. Separate forms of anthocyanins, acylated and methoxylated anthocyanins increased, whereas hydroxylated anthocyanins tended to decrease.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.179-184
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• 2006

[ $\underline{Purpose}$ ]: To explore the effect of recombinant human EGF on the proliferation and survival of human fibroblast cell lines following irradiation. $\underline{Materials\;and\;Methods}$: Fibroblast was originated human skin and primary cultured. The trypan blue stain assay and MTT assay were used to study the proliferative effects of EGF on human fibroblast cell lines in vitro. An incubation of fibroblasts with rhEGF for 24 hours immediately after irradiation was counted everyday. Cell cycle distributions were analyzed by FACS analysis. $\underline{Results}$: Number of fibroblast was significantly more increased rhEGF (1.0 nM, 10 nM, 100 nM, 1,000 nM) treated cell than control after 8 Gy irradiation. Most effective dose of rhEGF was at 160 nM. These survival differences were maintained at 1 week later. Proportion of S phase was significantly increased on rhEGF treated cells. $\underline{Conclusion}$: rhEGF cause increased fibroblast proliferation following irradiation. We expect that rhEGF was effective for radiation induced wound healing.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.431-437
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• 1996

The efforts of removing the specific fresh water fishy odor were studied by inducing tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, to sea water in the use of the flavoring chemicals such as pyrrolidine and piperidine as experimental flavors. The amines added to the grinded muscle of tilapia were recovered by $88\%$ for pyrrolidine and $90\%$ for piperidine. When live tilapia were retained in a tank containing 100 ppm solution of the flavor for 30 min and then begun to start the acclimation into sea water with daily increase of $5\%_{\circ}$ salinity within 7days, no amines in the skin and the muscle of tilapia were detected after 4 days of acclimation to sea water. For the purge effects of amino in the skin and the muscle of tilapia, the concentration of pyrrolidine and piperidine lost $73.4\%,\;83.7\%$ in the muscle and $93.6\%,\;90.6\%$ in the skin of tilapia after purging in fresh water for 72 hrs, while $66.2\%,\;73.6\%$ of amines were removed in the muscle and $90.1\%,\;87.7\%$ in the skin of tilapia acclimated to sea water after purging in on sea water for 72hr. Loss rates of pyrrolidine and piperidine were found to be $0.0231h-^{1}\;and\;0.0333\;h^{-1}$ from the muscle and $0.0652h-^{1}\;0.0413\;h^{-1}$from the skin of tilapia in the fresh water, while $0.0131h-^{1}\;and\;0.0354\;h^{-1}$ from the muscle, $0.0674h-^{1}\;and\;0.0549\;h^{-1}$ from the skin of tilapia in the sea water after 24hrs of exposure, respectively.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.1-5
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• 2012

This study was conducted to elucidate the cause of micro-cracking in the exocarp of 'Jinmi' peach (Prunus persica). through the microscopic observation of fruit skin development in 4 varieties such as 'Jinmi', 'Kanoiwa Hakuto', 'Kawanakajima Hakuto', and 'Yumyeong'. Micro-cracking was noted in 59.1% of 'Jinmi', 30.6% of 'Kanoiwa Hakuto', 21.5% 'Kawanakajima Hakuto' and 6.4% of 'Yumyeong', respectively. The development of intercellular spaces, which increased rapidly with the fruit development, was easily observed at 69 days after full bloom. Histological studies revealed that the number of outer epiderm cell layers of 'Jinmi' was smaller than that of the other three cultivars, and thinner than the 'Kawanakajima Hakuto' and 'Yumyeong'. Moreover, 'Jinmi' exhibited smaller and flatter shapes in the sub-epidermal cell layer than those of the 'Kawanakajima Hakuto' and 'Yumyeong' at harvest season. Therefore, these results suggest that micro-cracking of 'Jinmi' fruit skin was due to poor-developed outer epidermis and well-developed intercellular spaces just under exocarp as compared with other varieties.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.301-338
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• 2002

Morphological characters of sections Rhomboidales (four taxa) and Digitatae (seven taxa) of the subgen. Eucarex (genus Carex, Cyperaceae) were reexamined. The epidermal patterns of perigynium, achene and leaf were investigated by SEM and LM. Morphological characters such as length and width of stem, leaf, bract, spike, scale, perigynium and achene, and shape of cross-sectioned stem, spike, scale, apex of scale, perigynium, beak and base of perigynium, achene, hair present or absent in perigynium, number of involucre and epidermal pattern of perigynium, achene and leaf(shape of fundamental epidermal cell and cell wall, type of silica body, shape of beak epidermal cell and cell wall in perigynium, subsidiary cell shape, size and frequency of stomatal complex of leaf) were useful for the identification of the observed 11 taxa. According to the current study, examined 11 taxa of sections Rhomboidales and Digitatae were distinct from each other regarding by length of leaf, stem, pistillate scale and perigynium, shape and epidermal cell of perigynium beak. C. lanceolata and C. humilis have been confused due to similar morphological characters. C. lanceolata and C. humilis were distinct, however with respect to from length of stem, leaf ligule present or absent, shape of cross-sectioned stem, epidermal patterns of perigynium, achene and leaf. And C. lanceolata could be distinguished from C. pediformis by shape of perigynium and achene, shape of cross-sectioned of stem, epidermal pattern of perigynium, achene and leaf.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.23-33
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• 2003

This morphological study was carried out to investigate the healing effect of open and occlusive dressing on rabbit skin wounds. The male white rabbits were given incision wound measuring 1.0cm in length and excision wound measuring $1.0{\times}0.2cm$ respectively on backs. Five rabbits among their received sterilization with beta dine twice a day and kept wound open. Another group of rabbits received sterilization and occlusive dressing with application of 1% sulfadiazine ointment and covering of gauze. The rabbits were observed at 5, 10, and 15 days after dressing with light microscope. The results were as follows. Both incision and excision wounds received open and occlusive dressing respectively revealed formation of scab and regeneration of epidermal epithelial cells at wound margin. The superficial dermis showed infiltration of neutrophils, monocytes, and lymphocytes, fibroblastic proliferation, and edema. On 10 days after opera and occlusive dressing the scab had disappeared and regeneration of epidermal epithelium was completed. The capillaries and inflammatory cells were decreased in number. However, edema and fibroblastic proliferation were more pronounced. On 15 days after opera and occlusive dressing, there were keratinization of regenerated epidermal epithelium, loss of inflammatory infiltration, edema, and capillary proliferation, and increase of fibroblastic proliferation and collagen fibers. The amounts of scars were less in incision wound than of excision one. There were no differences in healing processes between both dressing methods. According to the above results, it was conceived that sterilization of wound is more important in wound healing than dressing method in trivial wounds.

• 대한생식의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2004.06a
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• pp.57.2-58
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• 2004

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.88-95
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• 2017

Effects of different soil water conditions on fruit characteristics were investigated in 5-year-old 'Nero' black chokeberry trees (Aronia melanocarpa). Three kinds of drought stresses, including low water deficit, severe water deficit, and very severe water deficit, due to decline of soil water decreased the fruit quality of weight of 10 berries, soluble solid content, and anthocyanin, compared with the control (consistent water supply) during the harvest period. After longer drought stress, supply of soil water could induce berry cracking because cell size of epidermis of fruits contracted, whereas cell size of sub-epidermis and flesh expanded. Thus periodic water supply using water supply facility is needed for yield and quality of 'Nero' black chokeberry fruits.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.109-122
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• 1977

Ultraviolet irradiation of the vegetal hemisphere of the fertilized frog egg prior to first cleavage resulted in alterations in neural morphogenesis. The sensitivity to UV irradiation dropped drastically at the point of 2/3 time lapse between fertilization and the appearance of the first cleavage furrow. Scannining electron micrographs revealed a decrease in size of the cells on the surface of the irradiated embryos. However, ectoderm exchange frafts indicated that the ectoderm of the irradiated embryo retains its capaciiy to form a completely normal neural morphology and epidermal surface. These facts were interpreted in terms of a decrease in the capacity for invagination during gastrulation, and subsequent primary embryonic induction.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.27-44
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• 2003

전반적인 피부세포의 생리적 지능 자하로 인한 자연노화와 더불어, 여러 피부 스트레스 요인들이 다양하게 작용하여 발생하는 외인성노화를 방지하거나, 개선할 수 있는 항노화소재로서의 개발 가능성을 알아보기 위해, 예로부터 항염활성이 있다고 알려진 oleanolic acid(OA)를 포함한 ursolic acid(UA), betulin, betulinic acid(BA) 등의 triterpenoids가 어떻게 피부에서의 항노화 활성을 나타내는지를 알아보았다. 시험 결과, OA는 자외선에 의한 각질형성세포에서의 PGE$_2$ 생성과 섬유아세포(NHF)에 의한 matrix metalloproteinase-1(MMP-1) 분비를 억제하였다. 그리고, NHF의 procollagen 생성을 촉진하였으며, 이런 procollagen 생성촉진활성이 in vivo에서도 발현되는 것을 무모생쥐의 실험을 통해서 확인하였다. 또한 OA는 각질세포의 증식과 분화를 촉진하여 표피세포로 하여금 세라마이므와 필라그린 생성을 증가시키도록 하는 작용도 있음을 보여주었다. 더불어 실험한 UA, betulin, BA 들은 비록, betulin, BA의 경우 세포 독성이 다른 물질 들에 비해 높았고, UA가 각질세포의 분화를 오히려 억제하는 양상을 보이기는 했지만, 대부분의 기능은 OA와 유사하였다. 피부세포보호작용과 진피 기질물질에 대한 작용, 그리고, 표피의 장벽기능과 보습기능에 대해 시험한 본 연구는, 식물성분인 triterpenoids가 피부를 위한 항노화소재로서의 개발 가능성이 있음을 확인하는 계기가 되었고, 그 중에서도 OA가 보다 우수한 항노화 소재가 될 수 있음을 시사하고 있다.