• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.18 no.7
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• pp.369-374
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• 2020

A variety of sensory elements are used in video advertisements promoting products. Video advertising using visual and auditory elements is a representative means of marketing. The advertising video that promotes the product by using such a sensory element is imprinted on viewers by continuously or repeatedly exposing visual elements such as a logo or a specific image or phrase. Such visual images are used as an effective way to symbolize brand image effectively. If the visual elements were symbolized in the advertising images of most car brands, Kia's K5's advertising images symbolized auditory elements, or sounds, to produce K5's unique advertising images. In this paper, we compared Kia's K5 advertisement image symbolizing auditory elements with other brands' advertisement image of other companies, and studied the techniques and effects used in advertisement image production.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.143-150
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• 2004

In this paper, we propose and analyze a new scheme which uses the same scramble codes to each group after symbol grouping to reduce the PAPR (peak-to-avenge power ratio) problem in OFDM system. The conventional SLM scheme randomizes OFDM symbols entered into IFFT block by several scramble codes and then transmits the lowest one among PAPRs. Therefore, the SLM scheme can reduce the additional information as many as the number of grouped OFDM symbols by using same scramble codes after M grouping of sub-carriers. It can also improve PAPR performance more than conventional SLM scheme when we use scramble codes as same as those numbers of SLM scheme.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.10 no.12
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• pp.3702-3707
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• 2009

In this paper, a new approximated MAP algorithm for soft bit decision from QAM symbols is proposed for Gray Coded QAM signals, based on the Max-Log-MAP and a Gray coded QAM signal can be separated into independent two Gray coded PAM signal, M-PAM on I axis with M symbols and N-PAM on Q axis with N symbols. The Max-Log-MAP used distance comparisons between symbols to get the soft bit decision instead of mathematical exponential or logarithm functions. But in accordance with the increase of the number of symbols, the number of comparisons also increase with high complexity. The proposed algorithm is used with the Euclidean distance and constituted with plain arithmetic functions, thus we can know intuitively that the algorithm has low implementing complexity comparing to conventional ones.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.687-690
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• 2005

H.264/AVC에서 압축 효율을 향상시키기 위해 사용된 entropy coding중에 CABAC(Context-based Adaptive Binary Arithmetic Coding)은 하드웨어 복잡도가 높고 bit-serial 과정에서 data dependancy가 존재하기 때문에 빠른 연산이 어렵다. 본 논문에서는 adaptive arithmetic encoder와 정규화 과정을 효율적으로 구성하여 각 입력 심벌이 정규화 과정의 반복횟수에 관계없이 고정된 cycle에 encoding이 되도록 하였다. 제안한 구조는 pipeline으로 구성하기 용이하며, 이 경우 매 cycle에 한 입력 심벌의 encoding이 가능하다.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.12
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• pp.113-120
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• 2019

South Korea is an aging society with 10.9 percent of its population over 65 years of age, and the aging population naturally leads to a surge in elderly care costs. Compared to general hospitals and other hospitals that have systematic management strategies in an environment of intensifying hospital competition, the design and management strategies of nursing hospitals are insufficient due to the hospital's characteristics of long-term hospital admission and treatment. In this study, We conducted a symbol mark color and form analysis of nursing hospitals to establish a design strategy to meet the increasing demand on nursing hospitals. The subjects of the study were 131 hospitals that received the first grade of nursing hospitals in Korea, and each symbol mark was collected to analyze its form and color. Analysis of the form of symbol revealed that the most anthropogenic symbols were made with artificial objects, and among them, the number of symbols with crosses, hearts and human forms were higher. The color analysis showed that more than 50% of symbols consisted of two colors and the main colors were blue and green. It is expected that this research data will be used as a reference in the design of the symbolism of nursing hospitals, which will help consumers choose and develop strategies for hospital management in order to compete with the ever-increasing demand of nursing hospitals and hospital competition.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.117-121
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• 2014

In the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing system, the prefix inserted between data symbols should be eliminated to apply the Fourier transform on the valid symbol interval. This functional procedure should be based on the accurate symbol timing detection. The symbol timing detection at the receiver side provides the reference for determining the beginning time index of each symbol whose initial point is located at the boundary between the preamble and the payload part. Also, the detection error is one of the main factors in the overall system performance. In this paper the effect of the bandwidth of the moving average filter on the symbol timing detection is discussed. Simulations are carried out to analyze the detection performance for the varying values of the window size of the moving average filter which is related to the filter bandwidth.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.9
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• pp.443-450
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• 2016

Korean biopharmaceutical industry is a high value-added industries of the country as a key business strategy of the country. The overseas market is accelerating rapidly due to drug demand according to population aging, new drug R&D investment performance visualization, changes in biopharmaceutical R&D center, strategic foreign technology exports, and the active support of government. Therefore, the domestic pharmaceutical companies also should enhance the competitiveness as global pharmaceutical companies and need to build the image of their own company that can be trusted by consumers. This study compared and analyzed visual characteristics shown in the CI symbol mark and age-specific preferences of domestic pharmaceutical companies recognizing the importance of CI as a marketing tool. As a result, preference for the symbol mark had been shown to be significantly higher preference of the old logotype as the age group is higher being proportional to awareness. In addition, the picture-type symbol mark was totally preferred rather than the word mark. Among the picture-type symbol mark, the form of the nature was strongly preferred rather than abstract form. The company also requires a sense of responsibility for recognizing changes in the mass to the globalization. It is hoped that this study will help to develop symbol mark direction as the basis for the identity strategies to improve the image of domestic pharmaceutical companies with global competitiveness.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.10-17
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• 2021

The cymbal transducer is a miniaturized version of the Class V flextensional transducer. It has low resonant frequency and high output pressure characteristics compared with its size. However, since it has high quality factor and low energy conversion efficiency as well, it is often used as an array rather than single. When used as an array, a big change in the frequency characteristics occurs in comparison with that of the single transducer due to the interaction between constituent transducers. In this study, we designed a pattern of cymbal array with a view to having broadband characteristics. Three transducers having different center frequencies were designed first. The designed cymbal transducers were used to construct all possible patterns of a 3 × 3 planar array. After analyzing frequency characteristics of these patterns, based on the results, we derived the most effective pattern to achieve a higher fractional bandwidth. The derived array pattern showed an improvement of the fractional bandwidth by 24.9 % in comparison with the reference model.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.28 no.5A
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• pp.333-340
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• 2003

In this paper, we propose a new turbo-coded orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) transmission scheme that can improve greatly the performance by making all the turbo-coded symbols have the same reliability for OFDM transmission over a frequency selective fading channel. The same reliability, that is, the same fading can be accomplished through multiplexing of turbo-coded symbols using distinct orthogonal codes and spreading over the whole effective subcarriers (hereafter, called as the orthogonal code multiplexing (OCM)). As for the orthogonal code selection, we choose the set of the discrete Fourier transform (DFT) basis sequences, since the code set holds the orthogonality irrespective of the length and also has the equal energy property. We perform computer simulations using the Log-maximum-a-posteriori (Log-MAP) algorithm for iterative decoding in order to assess the performance of the proposed transmission scheme.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.26 no.10A
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• pp.1794-1801
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• 2001

다중 반송파 변조의 일종인 OFDM(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) 방식은 기존의 주파수 분할 다중화 기법에 각 부 채널들 사이의 직교성까지 보장함으로써 사용 주파수 효율을 극대화시킬 수 있는 방식이다. 그러나 주파수 비 선택적 다중경로 채널에서 높은 데이터 율을 갖는 OFDM 신호의 전송은 주파수 영역에서 인접 심벌간 간섭과 동일한 형태를 갖는 승산성 왜곡에 의해 영향을 받는다. 본 논문에서는 결정 궤환 시퀀스 등화기를 OFDM 시스템에 적용하여 신호를 등화하고, 등화를 통하여 주파수 영역에서의 인접 심벌간 간섭을 보상하는 방법을 제안한다. 결정 궤환 시퀀스 등화를 이용하여 최우 시퀀스 등화가 갖는 복잡도를 크게 줄이면서 주파수 오프셋이 추정될 수 있음을 설명하고 모의 실험을 통해 OFDM 시스템의 성능 개선을 보인다.