• Education of Primary School Mathematics
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.237-259
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• 2011

Mathematics learning disabilities is a specific learning disorder affecting the normal acquisition of arithmetic and spatial skills. Reported prevalence rates range from 5 to 10 percent and show high rates of comorbid disabilities, such as dyslexia and ADHD. In this study, the characteristics and the causes of this disorder has been examined. The core cause of mathematics learning disabilities is not clear yet: it can come from general cognitive problems, or disorder of innate intuitive number module could be the cause. Recently, researchers try to subdivide mathematics learning disabilities as (1) semantic/memory type, (2) procedural/skill type, (3) visuospatial type, and (4) reasoning type. Each subtype is related to specific brain areas subserving mathematical cognition. Based on these findings, the author has performed a basic research to develop grade specific diagnostic tests: number processing test and math word problems for lower grades and comprehensive math knowledge tests for the upper grades. The results should help teachers to find out prior knowledge, specific weaknesses of students, and plan personalized intervention program. The author suggest diagnostic tests are organized into 6 components. They are number sense, conceptual knowledge, arithmetic facts retrieval, procedural skills, mathematical reasoning/word problem solving, and visuospatial perception tests. This grouping will also help the examiner to figure out the processing time for each component.

• Proceedings of the ESK Conference
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• 1997.10a
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• pp.426-432
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• 1997

본 연구에서는 EMG를 이용한 수리적 parameter를 사용하여동일한 병명(L4/L5 herniated disk)의 요통환자들의 근육활동의 정상 여부를 측정하였다. 특히 본 연구에서는 동작분석기를 사용하지 않고 근 전도의 주기를 판독하여 기존의 연구에서 사용되었던 것보다 측정이간편하고, 주관적 통증 정도가 낮 은 환자를 대상으로 실험함으로써 통증이 parameter에 미치는 심리적 영향을 최소화하였다. 또한 본 연 구에서는 동작주기마다의 근전도 신호의 변이도(variance ratio)를 새로운 parameter로 선정하여 검증하 였다. 측정된 자료를 분석한 결과 quadriceps-hamstrings의 peak time difference와 erector spinae- rectus abdominis의 coexcitation이 통계적으로 매우 유의하게 요통환자와 정상인을 구분해주는 지표임이 확인되었고, rectus abdominis와 externa/internal oblique의 근전도 변이도(variance ratio)가 진단지표 로서 의미가 있음이 밝혀졌다. 본 연구의 방법은 차후 다양한 환자군에 대한 자료와 정상인에 대한 자료를 DB화 함으로써 진단기법으로 사용할 수 있는 가능성을 보여주었다. 이 방법은 차후 요통의 조기 발견과 예 방에 기여할 것으로 기대한다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
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• 2019.07a
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• pp.139-140
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• 2019

난독증은 정상적인 지능에도 불구하고 문장을 읽기가 어려운 독서 장애다. 난독증 진단 방법은 ADHD처럼 증상 체크리스트가 없다. 지적장애를 판정할 때 사용하는 웩슬러 지능검사 같은 전 세계인이 사용하는 아주 보편화된 심리검사도 없다. 미국 진단기준의 최신판인 DSM-5에도 어떤 검사를 해서 기준점수 아래여야 진단할 수 있다고 명확히 써놓지 않았다. 본 논문에서는 이를 해결하기 위해 글자, 단어, 문장, 문단의 단위를 설정하여 화면에 출력하고 아이트래커를 활용하여 읽는 사람의 시선 데이터를 수집하여 히트맵으로 분석한다.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.190-202
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• 1996

This study assessed psychiatrically referred 5-to 13-year-old children who presented inattention or hyperactivity as chief complaints. Demographic characteristics, primary diagnosis, and comorbid psychiatric conditions of them were identified, and they were assessed using questionnaires and neuropsychological tests. Primary diagnoses included ADHD, anxiety disorder, mental retardation, depression, oppositional defiant disorder, developmental language disorder and others. functional enuresis, conduct disorder, and developmental language disorder were among the secondarily diagnosed disorders. In patients diagnosed as ADHD, overall comorbidity rate was 55.3%. The disorders that frequently co-occured with ADHD were specific developmental disorder, conduct disorder, oppositional defiant disorder, anxiety disorder and other. ADHD groups with or without comorbidity differed in performance IQ and CPT scores. ADHD group differed from externalizing disorders group in the information subscore of IQ, MFFT, and CPT scores, and differed in teachers rating scales, the uncommunication factor of CBCL, and CPT card error compared with internalizing disorders group. The authors concluded that inattentive or hyperactive children should be assessed using various instruments to differentiate other disorders and to identify possible presence of comorbid conditions.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.13-35
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• 2002

Lesch-Nyhan 증후근(LNS)은 hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyle transferase(HGPRT) 효소를 암호화 하는 X 염색체가 불완전해서 일어나는 유전적인 추제외로계(또는 기저핵)의 드문 병변이다. 출생시 LNS 유아는 정상적인 운동발달이 관찰되어진다. LNS에게서 현저하게 진단적인 특징으로 보여지는 운동심리적 행동인 self-mutilating 행위는 4살 이후에나 나타난다. LNS 아이들은 오히려 초기에 Rett's 증후근, 뇌성마비, 자폐, 다운증후근과 유사한 운동행위를 보인다. 그래서 LNS 아이들은 앞에 기술한 신경학적 장애로 오진을 받을 수가 있다. 오진으로 인해 초기에 적절한 치료를 받지 못한다면 LNS는 결과적으로 합병증(신장부전)과 self-mutilating 행위로 인하여 치명적일 수가 있다. 그러므로, 이 연구의 목적은 LNS 평가 동안 더 나은 진단을 하도록 하기 위하여 LNS와 관련된 기능부전에 대한 지식을 임상가들에게 제공하고자 함이었다. 연구 대상자는 10살인 2명의 쌍둥이 남아이었으며 실험은 뻗기 과제 수행(reaching task)시 움직임 특성을 보기 위하여 운동형상학적과 비디오 분석을 사용하였다. 기술통계로 분석 결과 움직임 시간과 단위가 증가됨을 보였고 사지의 분절적 움직임이 협응되지 않음을 보였다. ballistic과 jerky 움직임 양상은 dysmetric과 비긴장성 운동 행위에서 우세하였다. LNS은 추체로계 운동 장애 (과근긴장도나 저긴장도) 와 추체외로계의 운동 장애(dystonia와 choreoathetosis)의 혼합된 형태를 보였다. 결론으로 이 연구는 운동발달 장애를 가진 아이들을 치료하고자 할 때 임상가들한테 LNS 아이들의 움직임 장애의 다른 진단적 특징을 알아야 한다는 것을 제시하고자 한다.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.43-53
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• 2016

Objectives : Somatic symptoms after the exposure of psychological trauma frequently developed. However, the somatic symptoms are not covered under the diagnostic criteria of posttraumatic stress disorder(PTSD) in detail, although they are often associated with social and occupational functioning and patient-doctor relationships. The aim of this article is to highlight the potential mechanisms, the common manifestations, and the treatment of the somatic symptoms. Methods : This article studied the somatic symptoms searched using academic search engines like PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, KoreaMed and KISS from the earliest available date of indexing to March 31, 2016. Results : The mechanism of somatic symptoms after the exposure was described as psychological and physiological aspects. Psychological mechanism consisted of psychodynamic theory, cognitive behavioral theory, and others. Physiological mechanism involved changes in neuroendocrine and immune system, autonomic nervous system and central nervous system. Somatization associated with psychological trauma manifested various health conditions on head and neck, chest, abdominal, musculoskeletal, and dermatological and immune system. Few studies described the standardization of treatment for the somatic symptoms. Conclusions : Clinicians and disaster behavioral health providers should think of the accompanying somatic symptoms during intervention of psychological trauma and PTSD. Further studies are needed on the somatic symptoms seen in psychological trauma and PTSD.

• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.299-306
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• 2007

It is urgent to have learning support for children with learning disability according to the survey made by the government educational organization. To this end, we developed a learning support system for children with learning disability. First, the system diagnoses the children with learning disability using a decision tree based on the pre-test results. Secondly, it supports for children with learning disability one of audio-, vision- and tactility-oriented learning types according to the results from the psychological learning style test. Thirdly, one-to-one study is supported for failed students at the achievement test. For the evaluation of the system, the children with disability were divided into an experimental group and a control group and the educational achievement was evaluated. We found that 10% on the average was improved in case that learning was made after the psychological test for learning styles.

• Journal of Educational Research in Mathematics
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.11-34
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• 2000

수학학습장애는 독해장애와 더불어 학습장애의 주요영역으로 인식되고 있다. 그러나 독해 장애에 대한 연구와 비교하였을 때 상대적으로 주목받지 못한 분야로, 과연 수학학습장애는 무엇이며, 수학학습장애 아를 판별하는 기준을 어떻게 설정할 것인가의 문제가 여전히 논란이 되고 있다. 본고에서는 수학학습장애에 대한 최근의 세 가지 관점-신경학적 관점, 발달심리적 관점, 교육적 관점-의 고찰을 통해, 수학학습장애를 진단하기 위한 하나의 통합적 관점이 필요함을 제안하고 있다. 이것은 수학학습장애를 신경적 결함으로만 해석하려는 전통적 관점에 대한 발달심리학자들의 비판을 수용한 것이며, 오늘날 파행적인 교육체계에서 희생되고 소외되어온 학생계층을 포용하기 위한 한 가지 제안이 될 것이다.

• Journal of Platform Technology
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.24-30
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• 2018

LMT consisting of 10 landscape elements is one of psychology diagnosis method for inspecting the psychological state of client. In this paper, we make knowledge base accumulating knowledge about LMT landscape elements. By using this knowledge base, we also propose and implement LMT diagnosis assistance system generating LMT inspection report being a result of diagnosis. This proposed system generates diagnosis report based on LMT knowledge base which accumulate knowledge from plenty of reference and research project, that's why we improve the objectivity of diagnosis results. And new knowledge about LMT can be accumulated in knowledge base, so the system proposed in this paper can be extensible continuously. The implementation of system proposed in this paper offers web-based services. To show effectiveness of the system, we diagnose the actual case by using the system, and show the diagnosis result.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.433-446
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to investigate the sociopsychological factors which might influence the course of the temporomandibular disorders and to develop models for prediction of treatment outcome related to pain, dysfunction and sound. For this study, 268 patients with temporomandibular disorders were selected from the patients presented to department of Oral Medicine, Wonkwang university dental hospital. Chief complaints of these subjects were largely grouped into three categories such as pain, dysfunction and sound, and 10 cm visual analogue scale(VAS) was used to record the state of the three complaints every visit and Treatment Index(VAS TI) was calculated from VAS. All the forty-two items obtained from clinical examination or questionnaire were statistically processed with $SPSS^{(R)}$ windows. The results of this study were as follows: 1. The items showed a difference between male and female subjects were maximum mouth opening, palpation score, jaw jerk during mandibular movement, and sleep disturbance. Among questionnaires such as SRRS, HAD scale and PSQI, the HAD scales showed the most highly significant correlation with the each scale item of the SCL-90R. 2. Among the groups classified by VAS TI, the group with the lowest VAS TI showed the highest VAS score in the start of treatment but showed the lowest score in the end of treatment, without respect to the type of chief complaint. From these results, it is assumed that the active treatment duration for the subjects with lower VAS score in the first visit would be longer than the subjects with higher score with the somewhat poor treatment outcome. 3. With regard to all the three complaints, the items showing significant effect in the model for prediction of treatment outcome were from questionnaire, except one item, maximum mouth opening, which suggest that the sociopsychological factors would be strongly related to development and progress of the symptoms.