• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.58 no.1
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• pp.291-318
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• 2006

There were many studies conducted on economical aspects of employment among the elderly in national level, however, very few studies examined social and psychological aspects of senior employment and employment preferences of the elderly persons. The purposes of this study were to examine major determinants of decision making in employment, and to explore some relationships among decision making of employment, socio-economic factors, health and psycho-social factors, and labor and economical factors among non-working elderly persons in the community. In all, two-hundred-twenty elderly persons were interviewed and one-hundred-ninety-four were analyzed in this study. The descriptive statistics, analysis of variance, correlation analysis, and logistic regression were used for the data analysis in this study. The study found that the respondent's sex, ages, education, numbers of children, physical health, ADL, self-efficacy, economical stress, numbers of years in labor, asset of real estate, family allowances, and the benefit levels of pension were major determinants of decision making in employment among non-working elderly persons. Finally, some implications were discussed for developing effective senior employment in national policy, job related services, and welfare programs of the elderly persons for the successful aging.

• Korean Journal of Family Social Work
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• no.62
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• pp.71-102
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to enrich our understanding of the family utilizing childcare by grandmothers and the elderly women by examining the experience of grandmothers who refused to support raising their grandchildren. The researcher focused on grandmothers who have been in charge of caring the family in the main and tried to explore the reasons for their decision not to take care of their grandchildren. For the purpose, Research participants were seven elderly women who have refused raising of their grand-children. Data were collected by in-depth interview and analyzed based on the phenomenological method. As results, it turned out that the elderly women refused caring of their grandchildren due to the burden of parenting and the rejection of an extended mother role, and the fear of family conflicts, but they felt sorry about their refusal of a request for caring support from their adult children. Second. these decisions caused various dynamics of the family members, and they were experiencing psychological difficulties. Third, elderly women perceived raising of grandchildren as a task of adult children or a problem for which the society should be accountable, and felt that the family and the society have shifted the responsibility to them. This research result confirms that a new generation of the elderly women have emerged who have different viewpoints on caregiving. It also presents a necessity to reflect the viewpoints of elderly who are mainly concerned when establishing a policy of caregiving. Based on this finding, this study also presents implications regarding support for family utilizing childcare by grandmothers and support for the elderly women.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.85-95
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to empirically verify the influence of certain variables on the psychological well-being of married men and women and to provide a basis for promoting the quality of life. The subjects of this study were 366 married men and women in Busan. The data was obtained through administering a self-reported questionnaire. Statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS/WIN 10.0 and included frequencies, means, standard deviation, Chronbach'a, $$\chi$^2$, t-test, and regression analysis. The major results of this study were as follows: First, the scores for degree of income propriety, fate control orientation and material orientation of married men was higher than those of married women. The scores for degree of stress recognition and perceived equity showed no significant difference between men and women. The score for psychological well-being of married men and women was relatively low. The score of psychological well-being of married women(2.94) was higher than that of married men(2.67). Second, variables that affect the psychological well-being of married men were degree of income propriety(p>.001), degree of perceived stress(p>.001), fate control orientation(p>.001) and material orientation(p>.001). Variables that affect psychological well-being of married women were degree of income propriety(p>.001), degree of perceived stress (p>.001), fate control orientation(p>.001) and perceived equity(p>.01). The variable of perceived equity didn't affect psychological well-being of married men. The variable of material orientation didn't affect the psychological well-being of married women. Third, the influence level of the degree of income propriety of married men and women was the highest among the variables.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.315-320
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• 2022

This study discussed its implications for the meaning in life, which began to emerge through existential psychotherapy in the era of coronavirus infection 19 (COVID-19). In the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic, we are making efforts to live a meaningful life, and individuals and communities are making efforts to find meaning in how to live a meaningful life. Humanity has a premise for a peaceful life, and since the past, interest in the meaning in life has continued. The deadly virus called COVID-19, which hit the world in December 2019, created stress such as anxiety, alienation, and depression in people, endangering the lives of individuals and communities. Research on the meaning in life was active even before COVID-19, but I think it is necessary to look at the changes in people's meaning in life and how COVID-19 is affecting each individual amid the global pandemic of the virus. In other words, clarifying the meaning of our lives in the era of COVID-19 is a coping to reduce stress and a catalyst to improve the quality of life. This study aims to provide basic research to prepare ways to improve the quality of life in the era of COVID-19 by examining various perspectives and results on the meaning in life.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.64 no.1
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• pp.249-271
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• 2012

This research examines the degree and the patterns of living arrangement transitions and analyzes the factors affecting transitions in living arrangement among elders in Korea. Data came from four-wave panel study of Hallym Aging Research Institute. The first wave was conducted in 2003, and each successive wave occurred exactly 2 years after. Respondents who were aged 60 and over, and had at least one living child were selected for this research. The baseline consisted of 1,907 respondents(2003), then became 985 for the fourth transition interval (2009). A total of 825 who participated both in 2003 and 2009 were used. Binomial logit regression analyses were used to analyze the effects of demographic characteristics, socioeconomic status, physical health, cognitive function, psychological well-being, and cultural attitudes toward elder care on transitions in living arrangements. Results show that 29.82% of the elders made transitions in living arrangements from 2003 to 2009, indicating remarkably unstable living situation over this time period. The ratio of living alone is increased from 17.6% to 19.6%, in contrast with decreased ratio of living with married children from 30.5% to 25.2%, and that of living with unmarried children from 19.9% to 13.7%. Factors affecting transitions in living arrangement were different according to types of living arrangement. Elders living with married children were more likely to be older, widowed and to have higher level of psychological well-being and more traditional attitude toward elder care. Elders living alone were more likely to be women, widowed, and to have more chronic diseases and lower level of psychological well-being.

• 재활복지
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.169-188
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• 2018

The aims of this study was to investigate the effect of the Tele-rehabilitation service on health promotion and quality of life for individuals with disability. The subjects were 3 men who agreed with participating in service and were assessed of health promotion level with physical/psychological scales and quality of life. The service consists of 20 sessions for 13 weeks. The results are as follows: First, all participants improved psychosocial health promotion (subjective health level) factor. Second, physical health promotion (upper limb function, strength, range of motion) maintained and improved, but there was little change. Third, the quality of life was higher than before. In addition, qualitative research showed that participants experienced a positive change in subjective health status, emotional stability, benefit, and self efficacy, and they were satisfied with the service. Based on the results, it was shown that participation helps improve the health and quality of life of the individuals with disability in the community. This study can be used it as a basic data for establishing a Tele-rehabilitation service for individuals with disability in local community.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Child Welfare
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• no.59
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• pp.209-234
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• 2017

This study viewed schools as a cause of students dropping out and posited that dropping out of high school would vary depending on the characteristics and influencing factors of the school from which students were dropping out. Therefore, focusing on schools, we longitudinally investigated the change patterns of school dropout across high schools in the country, and the types of changes in dropping out of high school. In addition, we predicted the general characteristics of schools according to the type of school students were dropping out from, looked at the changes in the major factors (i.e., school violence and school counseling) affecting school dropout, and reviewed schools' long-term efforts and outcomes in relation to school dropout. For this purpose, KERIS EDSS's "Secondary School Information Disclosure Data" were used. The final model included data collected five years20122016) from high schools across the country. The results were as follows. First, in order to examine the longitudinal change patterns of dropping out of high schools, a latent growth models analysis was conducted, and it revealed that, as time passed, the dropout rate decreased. Second, growth mixture modeling was used to explore types according to the change patterns of the school students were dropping out from. The results showed three types: the "remaining in school" type, the "gradually decreasing school dropout" type, and the "increasing school dropping out". Third, the multinomial logistic regression was conducted to predict the general characteristics of schools by type. The results showed that public schools, vocational schools, and schools with a large number of students who have below the basic levels in Korean, English and mathematics were more likely to belong to the "increasing school dropout" type. Further, the larger the total number of students, the higher the probability of belonging to the "remaining in school" type or the "gradually decreasing school dropout" type. Lastly, growth mixture modeling was used to analyze the trend of school violence and school counseling according to the three types. The focus was on the "gradually decreasing school dropout" type. In the case of the "gradually decreasing school dropout" type, it was found that as time passed, the number of school violence cases and the number of offenders gradually decreased. In addition, in terms of change in school counseling the results revealed that the number of placement of professional counselors in schools increased every year and peer counseling was continuously promoted, which may account for the "gradually decreasing school dropout" type.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.56 no.2
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• pp.93-119
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• 2004

This article investigates 230 public assistance recipient elderlies and 354 community elderlies in order to find out the current status and influencing factors on elder abuse. It surveyed at Gwangju metropolitan city. The result from the research were 1) the degree of elder abuse is generally low, and the primary type of abuse is psychological abuse and neglect. The victims of abuse experienced psychological pain rather than physical pain. 2) the abuser are mainly in early forties, and very unstable economically. 3) based on personal characteristics of the recipient and non-recipient elderlies, there are significant differences between respondents' sex, age, education level, income, ADL, IADL, chronic disease, depression, social support, and number of friends. 4) the factors affecting elder abuse of public assistance recipient elderlies are depression, alcohol, social support(elderly-related factors), alcohol, childhood abuse(abuser- related factors), and emotional relationship, number of family members(family- related factors). And, the factors affecting elder abuse of community elderlies are childhood abuse, social support(elderly-related), relationship with victims(abuser -related), and emotional relationship(family-related). Finally, the research recommends that differential intervention strategies are needed in order to prevent elder abuse of the public assistance recipient elderlies and the community elderlies.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.195-205
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• 2012

This study examines runaway youths at risk in a youths' shelter who are preparing for an independent life and both the facilitating and adverse factors to personal characteristics and independence of runaway youths at risk with the aim to grasp their recognition of independence and level of desire for it and find out necessary factors for a successful independence in multidimensional perspectives including the economic independence, educational independence, psychological independence, and social independence for their sound growth. This will provide the basis for desirable interventions for youths runaway youths at risk to prepare for an independent life. The findings of this study on the factors that affect the preparation for an independent life are as follows: First, as a result of analyzing the effect of micro-systematic factors on the preparation for an independent life, it turned out that problem-solving abilities and self-efficacy had influence on the preparation for a career Second, as a result of analyzing the effect of mesoscopic-systematic variables on the preparation for an independent life, it turned out that the preparation for a career were affected by whether to participate in independence preparation programs and institutional supports, and that career maturity of runaway youths at risk were affected only by the relationship with teachers and participation in independence preparation programs. Third, as a result of analyzing the effect of macro systematic variables on the preparation for an independent life, it turned out that the preparation for a career were affected by participation of the local community and service network, and that participation of the local community was an predictor variable that would affect a career maturity of runaway youths at risk. Fourth, as a result of analyzing ecological systematic variables that might affect the preparation for a career, it turned out that intervening variables and macro systematic variables had the most powerful influence on the preparation for a career among runaway youths at risk. It is necessary, therefore, to provide education programs organized by policies in order to develop problem-solving abilities and vocational capabilities so that runaway youths at risk, and to train and appoint more professional teachers at shelters. Programs for independence preparation need to be developed actively and practically in consideration of the characteristics of shelters, and the network with the local community for support also need to be established in utilization of the human resources and service programs of the community. With the understanding of leaving home of runaway youths at risk as the previous stage of an independence, there should be a housing support for their stable settlement in the perspective of housing welfare until become adults. In addition, there should be education specialized programs for occupation and careers to train runaway youths at risk as professionals including such areas as health, mentality, learning, and voluntary work for their sound growth.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.52
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• pp.273-299
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• 2003

Children in one-parent families have difficulties from negative perception and prejudice in society in spite of increasing divorce rate and the substantial number of one-parent families. This research aims to provide basic setting-up materials of the equal educational environment to children in one-parent families by examining teachers' perception and attitudes towards those children, and also analysing which factors are associated with the teachers' perceptions and attitudes. In particular, by exploring teachers' internalized value system and stereotyped conception are closely related to the process of evaluating children's personality and behavior, this research suggests that social consciousness to one-parent families should be changed and improved in terms of equality. According to the research result, most teachers notice that children in one-parent families are increasing by number at schools, however, they do not seem to understand properly children's situations including psychological condition. Teachers' negative perception of children in one-parent families are not only influenced by teachers' socio-demographic characteristics, experience factors and children's school life, but also by teachers' own personal value of familism and divorce. Such teachers' attitudes towards one-parent family children are easily predicted to influence children's confidentiality and self-respect. Therefore, it is proposed that the change of social consciousness on one-parent families, the change of educational system and educational environment, development of educational training program for teachers, allocation of school social worker or school counsellor, and empowerment of one-parent family are necessary in order children in one-parent families to have more equitable opportunities at school.