• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.1-16
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to investigate the perception of middle schooler's lesson of 9th grade "Housing Education" Questionnaire survey was conducted with 394 middle school students in Gyeongnam in 2006 and the dada analyzed by the descriptive statistics, t-test, One-way ANOVA, Duncan's multiple range test, Pearson correlation and multiple regression analysis by using SPSS 14. program. The result of this study were as follows. The unit 'Use of dwelling space' was perceived useful in real life, interesting in explanation & visual materials of the text, taught easily to understand the students and ranked highest in class satisfaction compared with the rest two units. The unit 'Indoor environment & equipment' was least interesting, most difficult and ranked lowest in class satisfaction. The unit 'House management & repair' was relatively interesting and easy, but not useful in real life, not much interesting in explanation & visual materials in text, taught difficult by teachers. The class satisfaction ranked second of the units. Female students perceived that the unit 'Use of dwelling space' was easy, but male students perceived that all the units were interesting in the explanation & visual materials in textbook, various teaching-learning methods, interesting experiment & practice, and was satisfied with the unit 'House management & repair'. As their academic achievement of "Technology & Home Economics" was lower, they perceived that the education contents and various experiment & practice were more difficult. The class satisfaction of middle schoolers about the unit "Housing Education" were affected by how easily the teacher taught the subject, making it more understandable, the level of difficulty of the contents and the level of interest of explanation & visual materials of text.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.118-126
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• 2007

Environmentally Sound and Sustainable Development (ESSD)" is a key word in recent years. The construction industry, have put a great influence on ergonomic and sustainable environment. Recently, "green building certifications", such as Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) and eco-friendly material regulation have been established. With this regard, new construction and aged-housing remodeling projects are required to meet these certification criteria. Apartment residents have great concern on eco-product, since many cases are reported that Sick Building Syndrome is caused by toxic substance from building materials. Aged-housing remodeling construction has a unique characteristic in that the residents are already determined prior to construction execution. Therefore, the analysis of resident's need for building materials in aged-housing remodeling is relatively easy compared to new building construction. As such, it is very important to analyze their preferences for eco-friendly materials prior to project execution. The purpose of this study is to find the needs of residents and priority of their needs. Based on their needs and priority, this paper provides a new strategy in using environment-friendly materials and maximizing their satisfaction level when aged housing remodeling is constructed. In addition, this paper provide new criteria in selecting new developed environmental materials in remodeling projects for the purpose of improving the safety and health level in construction industry.

• The Journal of Sustainable Design and Educational Environment Research
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.40-49
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• 2020

Recently, the form of education has changed from one-way to two-way and mutual exchange rather than the existing one-way order form, and accordingly, it is necessary to consider creating a suitable learning environment for each type of education. The basic form of education consists of the delivery of knowledge, that is, the delivery of knowledge by teachers to education consumers through voice delivery, so the sound environment is considered an essential factor in creating a pleasant learning environment. The indoor sound environment is very closely related to the mental stress of the inmate, so the quality level of education will also change greatly depending on whether or not the appropriate sound environment is created. However, the importance of the sound environment in educational facilities such as classrooms has not been highlighted due to the lack of research and related laws on the sound environment. Therefore, in this study, auditory tests were conducted using the auralization based on the physical acoustic performance data presented in the preceding study. Through this, we wanted to verify the validity of this research by analyzing the subjective acoustic performance satisfaction of the occupants due to the improvement of the physical acoustic performance. Based on these research results, it is estimated that the improvement of the sound environment of educational facilities through remodeling in the future will be possible to verify whether the sound environment suitable for educational facilities is created only after the analysis stage on the improvement of subjective sound performance as well as physical sound performance.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.65-69
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• 2009

Purpose: Recently incidence of VDT syndrome has gradually increased as extensive use of computers. VDT syndrome reported by VDT workers include musculoskeletal disorder, neuropsychiatric disoders and eye symptoms such as eye strain, tired eyes, irritation and blurred vision. The environmental factors of VDT syndrome include electromagnetic waves, size, brightness and lighting of computer screen, height of a monitor and a worktable, working hours, kind of task, distance between screen and workers, indoor humidity and temperature, indoor air contamination and ventilation. In this study, we investigated the environmental factors related to body symptoms and health effects included in VDT syndrome. Methods: Study subjects were total 120 persons (54 male, 66 female) with age from 19 to 28. We surveyed the body symptoms and physical discomfort when doing an activity in a short distance such as reading book or paper, computer work. The questionnaire included main body symptoms, self-consciousness symptoms of eye, satisfaction of working environment, pain of the wrist when using keyboard and mouse. Results: Most of people (70%) felt physical pain from long time work of computer, paper, electrical apparatus. They mainly complained pain of neck and low back (57.1%), eye (45.2%) and head (31%). With the environmental factors, 78.3% of the subjects complaint pain of eye from inappropriate illumination. Most of the symptoms included 'eye fatigue'(38.3%), 'dryness of eye'(31.9%) and 'blurred vision'(23.7%). Subjects in this study complained discomfort of their chairs and most of them experienced pain in the wrist when using keyboard or mouse. Conclusions: When people use electrical apparatus or work with paper, people would get their eye fatigue and feeling of physical fatigue because of not harmonizing various environmental factors such as light, space, posture, worktable with theirselves. Therefore, workers should develop preventive method such as self-control of adequate break time to avoid fatigue while VDT work. Work environment should be changed to ergonomic design for optimal visual environment to prevent musculoskeletal disorder through constant research.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.17 no.8
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• pp.209-225
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• 2017

This study examines the effect of residential and neighboring environment on the residents' social exclusion in Daejeon Chokbangchon, the city's slum area. Based on GIS methodology with residents' addresses and other characteristics, this study finds out the feminization and the ageing trends in the central part of this area. Besides, longitudinal data between 2007 to 2016 shows this area's depopulation resulting in people's spread into other parts of the city. This study took pictures of 252 images of in the streets and indoors, analysed them and defined the problems of residential and neighboring environment. According to this picture analysis, the predicaments of this area was categorized into 4 types such as appearance-hygiene, narrowness-lack of residential functions, safety-privacy violation and stigma. This area ranging 1 km from north to south adjacent with Daejeon railway station was divided into 4 sections with different main problems. The follow-up survey for residents living in each section showed each section was different in work state, neighbor satisfaction, stigma and social exclusion. Finally, residential satisfaction was found to be the most important affecting factor on social exclusion. Based on these results, this study suggests government's housing policy on this area to be more enthusiastic and specific to cope with each problems of sections.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.3-12
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• 2020

The purpose of this work is to suggest the optimal color temperature, which induces a sense of comfort for autonomous vehicle users through the analysis of biosignal using electroencephalography (EEG) and photoplethysmography (PPG). To achieve this purpose, we applied lighting with a color temperature of 3000 K, 4000 K, 5000 K, and 6000 K to the autonomous driving environment. We experimented in a laboratory equipped with a graphic driving simulator. The experimental procedure is as follows: 1) stabilization (5 min). 2) Uchida-Kraepelin test (3 min). 3) Automatic driving + lighting (3 min). This procedure was repeated four times under different color temperatures. We performed frequency analysis on a collected time-series data and calculated the power value for each frequency band through power spectrum analysis. In the case of EEG, we analyzed α- and β-waves, which are indicators of stability and arousal, respectively. In the case of PPG, we analyzed the sympathetic nervous system activity. To reduce deviations between the subjects, we normalized the data before analysis. The result of the first analysis revealed that α-wave increased only at 5000 K, while the β-wave increased at almost all color temperatures. In addition, in the case of PPG, sympathetic nervous system activity (SNSA) increased under driving conditions. The result of the second analysis revealed that the difference between β-wave and SNSA is insignificant. In conclusion, the increase in α-waves showed that EEG was most stable at 5000 K. The results of this study can be applied to the upcoming autonomous driving era to induce high driver satisfaction. Furthermore, this approach could eventually lead to the acceptance of autonomous vehicles by suggesting a positive effect of autonomous driving.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.7
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• pp.419-427
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• 2020

This study was undertaken to address the difficulties and inconveniences of an electric wheelchair. We focused on improving usability of initially completed products by augmenting the prototypes designed in the previous study. For evaluation of usability, 10 elderly women aged over 65 years, capable of movements and physical activities in daily life, were enrolled as subjects. The experimental method included a subjective satisfaction questionnaire evaluation of the elderly women using the target product, and the observation evaluation was achieved using video recording data, etc. Usability evaluation revealed that the elevating sector requires improvement of intuition through separation of the elevating control panel and the driving control panel. Improvements in the driving sector include corrections of the front wheel mechanism or driving control algorithm, UI, and sudden stop system. Transferring section assessment revealed a necessity to secure structures and add structures that support power. We believe that based on the inconveniences and improvements presented in the usability evaluation, appending the existing prototype with complementary products will improve the quality of life of elderly women with limited mobility.

• Korea Science and Art Forum
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• v.23
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• pp.347-358
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• 2016

The design of children's hospitals is highly dependent on color schemes. As a space shared together by both adults and children, the design of children's hospitals require color coordination that takes account of the users' characteristics. However, because the majority of prior research on color perception has focused overly on the emotional aspects, there is a necessity for more rational and scientific analyses to identify the characteristics of the visual perception of colors. Adopting this perspective in analyzing the characteristics of the visual perception of colors, this study aims to move beyond the abstract to focus on more objective methods, such as eye-tracking experiments, to examine the characteristics of hospital visitors' visual attention with respect to colors. Visual perception tracking experiment was conducted on the 2 chosen experimental images with a target group made up of adults and children, the following results were found. Firstly, spaces created with the preference colors of the different groups were found to develop a characteristic of developing higher attention. Secondly, observing the common tendencies for attention for adults and children, the highest region for visual concentration was formed towards the middle, as attention progresses to lower stages visually focused area changes in the order of upper-middle, left and right, and lower regions and edge regions show characteristics of not triggering attention Thirdly, it is understood that children's level of attention drops a lot faster than adults when identifying space therefore it is suspected that children need more elaborate color coordination than adults.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.381-386
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to investigate the conditions for improving space use and satisfaction by examing the behavior, focusing on the senior center, one of the leisure welfare facilities for the older adults. An online survey was conducted on 300 older adults aged 65 years old (104 males, 196 females) who had experience using senior centers. The results are as follows. First, the frequency of use per older adults was 1-3 times a month the most, and the preferred frequency of use was 1-3 times a week. The results showed that they wanted to use the Senior center frequently, but they could not use it often. Considering the high preference for health promotion activity programs in senior centers, it is understood that the use of space programs for health promotion can be increased if provided. Second, as the usage time per route ranges from a minimum of 1 hour to a maximum of 5 hours, it is considered that satisfaction and usability can be improved if a space to support various personal activities is provided. Third, it is considered to be helpful to improve the program or space composition that can strengthen friendship or improve accessibility by appearing as difficulties in friendship and accessibility for the reasons not used per senior citizen.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry, and Cartography Conference
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• 2006.04a
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• pp.425-429
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• 2006

본 연구는 VGIS(Virtual Geographic Information System)을 이용, 환경친화적인 도로건설을 위해 실제 좌표를 사용하므로 3차원 도로의 선형과 구조물을 설계하였다. 그리고 시공 중에 발생 할 수 있는 민원문제 및 설계변경 시 효율적인 의사결정 할 수 있도록 하였다. 대상지역은 전라남도 장흥군의 최대 역점사업인 관광을 테마로 한 정남진 가는 길을 컨셉으로 한 '가고 싶은 길', '보고싶은 다리', 기억하고픈 터널'을 주제로 설계하였으며 명실공히 남도의 새로운 관광명소가 될 자연관광도로가 될 것으로 기대된다. 기존의 3차원 설계에서는 평면적인 선형과 구조물의 형상을 이해하는데 상당한 시간이 소요되었지만, 구조물을 3차원으로 설계함으로써, 비전문가라도 구조물을 쉽게 파악 할 수 있었다. 그리고 3차원 설계는 기존 구조물과 신설될 구조물 사이에 공사 중 발생할 수 있는 환경 및 민원문제를 사전에 파악할 수 있었다. 또한, 실제와 같이 구현된 도로와 구조물의 시뮬레이션을 통하여 기존의 각종 의사 결정에 있어 보다 시각적 효과를 증진시켜 효율적인 의사결정을 가능하게 하였다. 본 연구에서는 실제 평면 설계에 쓰이는 좌표값을 3차원설계에 적용하였다. 도로 노선 및 경관분석에 많은 도움이 될 것으로 보이며 VGIS를 이용하므로 도시계획, 식물, 토양. 수로 또는 도로형태, 홍수계획 등 많은 일들이 평가에 사용된다. 여기서는 구조물 3차원 설계에 관한 기초적인 연구를 시행하였으며, 3차원설계를 통해 의사결정시 효율적인 판단을 할 수 있었고, 환경 친화적 시공 및 설계에 대한 연구가 이루어져야 될 것으로 판단된다.안전관리를 위해 채석장에 안전표지판을 설치하여야 하며, 실내가공 작업장의 자동이동시스템을 작업별로 채색하여 식별을 용이하게 하여야 하겠다. 또한 이 연구 결과를 영세사업장의 산업간호프로그램인 'Clean 3D'사업에서 적용하여 우리나라 채석사업장 근로자 건강관리를 발전시켜야 하겠다. 확장기 혈압에서 RZS와 DAD의 일치도와 평균을 중심으로 더 넓게 퍼져있어 낮은 일치도를 보였으며 또 DAD와 RMS의 혈압치는 숫자 선호도를 볼 수 있는데 특히 RMS는 더 뚜렷하게 나타났는데 확장기 혈압의 최빈치(30.6)는 100mmHg이었다. 혈압치들이 가장 가까이 "0"점으로 치우쳐져 있었다. RZS의 Central tendency는 DAD와 RMS보다 뚜렷하였다. 결론적으로 RZS는 이 연구목적으로 가장 적절함을 보여준다.청소년들의 학교급식에 대한 만족도를 높이기 위해서 다음과 같은 제언을 하고자 한다. 먼저, 학교급식에 대한 식단 작성 시 학생들이 학교에서 제공되기 원하는 식단에 대한 의견을 받고 그 의견에 대한 결과를 게시하여 학생들이 제공되기 원하는 식단을 급식 시 제공하여 학생들이 식단선택에 동참할 수 있는 기회를 주는 것이 바람직하겠다. 또한 영양사는 학급의 반대표와의 정기적인 모임을 가짐으로서 학생들의 불만사항 및 개선 요구사항에대해 서로 의견을 교환하여 설문지조사가 아닌 직접적인 대화를 하여 문제점을 파악하고자 하는 적극적인 자세가 필요하겠다. 특히 아침식사의 결식 빈도가 높았고 이는 급식성과에 부정적인 영향을 줄 뿐 아니라 학교에서 제공하는 음식의 섭취정도에도 영향을 주고 있으므로 학생들에게 학부모와 전담교사 및 학교영양사는 학생들