• Journal of the HCI Society of Korea
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.5-20
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• 2018

The fully autonomous vehicle, which has been actively studied in a worldwide before commercialization, is expected to become a living space by securing time and space compared to existing automobile. For this reason, interior design of fully autonomous vehicle has become very important. To enhance passenger's experience and satisfaction in fully autonomous vehicle, it is necessary to design an optimized space that can support in-vehicle activities. For this purpose, efforts to analyze the passenger's in-vehicle activities should be preceded. However, there were limited studies that define space and in-Vehicle activities of fully autonomous vehicle in Korea. The purpose of this study is to suggest the guideline of the interior design of fully autonomous vehicle by analyzing and classifying the scope of activities that the passenger can perform within the vehicle. As a method of the study, literature studies on future concept cars, human lifetime behavior and consumer needs had been conducted. As a result in-vehicle activities could be applied in a fully autonomous vehicle. Four in-vehicle activities 'work', 'home life and personal care', 'relaxation' and 'conversation and hobby' had been derived through the analysis of in-vehicle activities. Based on the results, the interior design of fully autonomous vehicle guideline has been suggested. The study is significant because the result of the study can act as a basic study which considers the activities in the fully autonomous vehicle environment.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.12
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• pp.857-866
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• 2020

'Movement' is an expanded concept of 'place' where people act, interact with one another and achieve a specific purpose at every moment. Wheelchairs, as a mobility aid, have a profound impact on improving the quality of physical and psychological well-being for the mobility disadvantaged groups who have mobility difficulties. Such mobility aids were developed mainly for outdoor activities, but in recent years, mobility aids for indoor spaces, the main living environment, are also being developed. Because indoor mobility aids generally move short distances repeatedly, this study examined the characteristics of lithium-ion batteries in short-distance driving of battery-powered wheelchairs and compared them with the characteristics of lithium-ion batteries in continuous driving. The result showed that the driving time for short-distance driving was 2.8% shorter than that of continuous driving. The current supplied to the motor was 15.4% higher for short-distance driving than that of continuous driving.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.17-34
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• 2018

The era of fully autonomous vehicles which can travel to their destination completely, is expected to arrive in the near future. The automobile industry will face a huge change in the near future. It makes the industry in the midst of a major turning point, since the automobile was born in the late 1800s. It is expected that the fully autonomous vehicle will be defined as a part of a living space beyond the concept of transportation. However, the existing research on the interior design of the fully autonomous vehicle is insufficient. The purpose of this study is to propose a design method of interior space through analyzing in-vehicle activities, which is a fundamental design element that can satisfy user's emotional experience suitable the concept of living space. For this purpose, the consumer's consciousness about the in-vehicle activity of fully autonomous vehicle was investigated. As a result, domestic consumers perceived the needs of in-vehicle activities related to resting, listening and watching activities such as 'sleeping and resting', 'watching TV and movie', 'listening to music' among 'self - centered' activities. Based on the results of the investigation, this study will suggest a design method of interior design of the fully autonomous vehicle. This study is meaningful, because it is a leading research that suggests new ways of designing interior space by analyzing consumer's needs in a quantitative method.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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• 2019.11a
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• pp.143-144
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• 2019

자율 주행 차량의 상용화를 위해서는 차량의 정교한 위치 추정이 필수적이다 특히 실내공간의 경우 다중 경로 등 복잡한 경로를 주행 중인 차량의 위치를 추적해야 한다. 이 경우 정밀한 위치 추정을 위해 이동체가 주행하는 경로를 정확히 판별하는 것이 필수적이다. 본 논문에서는 다중 경로가 존재하는 복잡한 실내공간을 주행하는 이동체의 경로 추정을 위해 딥러닝 기법을 이용한다. 특히 딥러닝 기법이 주행 차량의 영상 정보를 활용하는 방식을 기술한다. 본 논문에서 딥러닝 방식은 주행 차량의 영상 정보를 이용하여 이동체가 주행하게 될 경로를 예측한다. 모의실험은 적용된 딥러닝 방식이 이동체의 주행 경로를 정확하게 예측함을 보인다.

• KIPS Transactions on Computer and Communication Systems
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.93-102
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• 2023

Data processing through the cloud causes many problems, such as latency and increased communication costs in the communication process. Therefore, many researchers study edge computing in the IoT, and autonomous driving is a representative application. In indoor self-driving, unlike outdoor, GPS and traffic information cannot be used, so the surrounding environment must be recognized using sensors. An efficient autonomous driving system is required because it is a mobile environment with resource constraints. This paper proposes a machine-learning method using neural networks for autonomous driving in an indoor environment. The neural network model predicts the most appropriate driving command for the current location based on the distance data measured by the LiDAR sensor. We designed six learning models to evaluate according to the number of input data of the proposed neural networks. In addition, we made an autonomous vehicle based on Raspberry Pi for driving and learning and an indoor driving track produced for collecting data and evaluation. Finally, we compared six neural network models in terms of accuracy, response time, and battery consumption, and the effect of the number of input data on performance was confirmed.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.23 no.8
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• pp.936-942
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• 2019

Autonomous driving of drone indoor must move along a narrow path and overcome other factors such as lighting, topographic characteristics, obstacles. In addition, it is difficult to operate the drone in the hallway because of insufficient texture and the lack of its diversity comparing with the complicated environment. In this paper, we study an autonomous drone navigation using Convolution Neural Network(CNN) in indoor environment. The proposed method receives an image from the front camera of the drone and then steers the drone by predicting the next path based on the image. As a result of a total of 38 autonomous drone navigation tests, it was confirmed that a drone was successfully navigating in the indoor environment by the proposed method without hitting the walls or doors in the hallway.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.687-694
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• 2022

In this paper, we proposed an autonomous vehicle platform that delivers goods to a designated destination based on the SLAM (Simultaneous Localization and Mapping) map generated indoors by applying the Visual SLAM technology. To generate a SLAM map indoors, a depth camera for SLAM map generation was installed on the top of a small autonomous vehicle platform, and a tracking camera was installed for accurate location estimation in the SLAM map. In addition, a convolutional neural network (CNN) was used to recognize the label of the destination, and the driving algorithm was applied to accurately arrive at the destination. A prototype of an indoor delivery autonomous vehicle was manufactured, and the accuracy of the SLAM map was verified and a destination label recognition experiment was performed through CNN. As a result, the suitability of the autonomous driving vehicle implemented by increasing the label recognition success rate for indoor delivery purposes was verified.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.13-24
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• 2021

In level 5 (mind-off) of autonomous driving, the autonomous vehicle passengers are expected to have various activities such as face-to-face meetings, working, relaxing, and watching movies. In particular, various changes in the interior space of the vehicle are expected. Moreover, according to the survey conducted by the American Automobile Association, 73% of the respondents reported that they were afraid to board autonomous vehicles. In level 5 of autonomous driving, the subject of safety was expected to be transferred to autonomous vehicles; thus, research should be conducted from the user's perspective. Recently, various studies have been conducted to secure the safety of fully autonomous vehicles. However, there are limited studies addressing the psychological safety of actual passengers. Therefore, this study conducted a questionnaire based on the AHP technique. Consequently, the automobile safety system's priority for securing passengers' psychological safety according to each type of indoor behavior was derived, and the interior space for securing the psychological stability of passengers was suggested based on the obtained results. This study offers a new direction for interior space design, satisfying the psychological safety of passengers. This study is important because it advocates that the interior environment of fully autonomous driving cars is expected to be designed to secure the user's psychological safety.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.14-19
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• 2013

Because excessive interior noise when riding a high-speed train leads to annoyances, fatigue and stress for passengers, interior noise reduction methods should be considered. In particular, a high-speed train operated in various operation environments, and in South Korea, these include open fields and tunnels. Therefore, a specific study about changes in interior noise characteristics according to different environments is necessary. For this reason, the interior noise characteristics on a KTX train and on the KTX-Sancheon train were analyzed from noise measurements using microphones in this paper. Vibrations on the axles, bogies and floor were also measured, are these area are structural paths for interior noise. From this research, the interior noise characteristics according to the driving speed were deduced and the effects on interior noise by driving environments such as open fields and tunnels were investigated. Furthermore, the effect on interior noise by axles, bogies and floor vibrations were analyzed from a transfer function analysis.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2015.07a
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• pp.1298-1299
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• 2015

이동 로봇의 자기 위치 인식 방법으로 GPS를 많이 이용하지만 건물 내부공간에서는 위성신호 수신 장애가 있기 때문에 GPS 사용이 어렵다. 이에 대한 대안으로 다양한 형태의 실내 측위 기술에 관한 연구가 진행되어왔다. 최근에는 WiFi를 이용한 방법이 일부 상용화 되고 있으나 정밀도가 3~5m라는 한계가 있으며, LED 조명을 이용한 방법은 실용화 단계에 이르지는 못했지만 많은 연구가 진행되고 있다. 당 연구실에서도 LED조명을 기반으로 한 실내위치 인식 시스템을 개발하였으며, 지난 연구에서는 이를 이용한 이동로봇의 자율주행을 연구하였다. 본 연구에서는 지난 연구에 덧붙여 두개의 수신부를 이용하여 로봇의 방향인식오류 개선 및 이동 로봇의 자율주행을 보여주고자 한다. 제시된 시스템은 이동로봇, 조명제어장치 그리고 컴퓨터로 구성된다. 이동로봇은 상용화된 마이크로 마우스에 탑재된 조명신호 수신장치를 통하여 자신의 위치와 방향을 감지하며, 컴퓨터와의 Wi-Fi 통신으로 자신의 위치를 컴퓨터에 전송하거나 위치 명령을 수신한다. 컴퓨터에서는 수신 받은 이동로봇의 위치를 실시간으로 화면에 표시하며, 이동로봇에 전달할 위치명령을 사용자가 입력하는 기능을 제공한다. 사용자가 이동경로를 설정한 후 이동로봇으로 명령을 보내면 로봇은 자신의 위치와 목적지를 비교하며 자율주행을 하게 된다. 실험을 통하여 확인한 결과 지난연구의 방향인식의 문제점이 해결되어 제시된 시스템으로 실내공간에서도 이동로봇의 자율주행이 원만히 이루어짐을 확인하였다.