• Journal of the Korean Society of Floral Art and Design
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• no.44
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• pp.3-31
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• 2021

To verify the types of effects that plants have in our general living conditions, I examined an air quality in living rooms of the three, 129.78m² size, apartments that were with and without plants. and the findings of the study were as addressed below. 1) Experiments showed no statistically significant differences in Case A. However, in Case B and Case C, the standard deviation of PM10, PM2.5 and PM 1.0 verified that each had statistically significant (p<.01) differences. 2) It is believed that the effect of reducing particle matters due to the installation of plants in the indoor space is to vary significantly depending on the indoor environmental conditions, the cleanliness of the room, and the amount of furniture and may also differ depending on the daily dietary cooking method. In addition, it is believed that the planterior will not only reduce indoor fine dust, but also reduce the psychological comfort and eye fatigue of the residents. Nevertheless, supplementary research is needed. 3) In the planterior design for reducing indoor particle matters, various measures were examined. Among them, the vertical wall design method was tested and suggested through empirical experiments. In addition, maintenance methods were proposed depending on the type of indoor plant.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2012.05a
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• pp.345-346
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• 2012

본 연구는 치과진료실의 실내 공기질에 영향을 미치는 요인과 종사자의 실내자각증상과 관련성을 조사하여 치과위생사 개인의 발전과 건강 증진에 필요한 기초자료를 마련하고자 본 연구를 시행하였다. 전국(서울, 경기, 대구, 포항)의 종합병원, 치과병원, 치과의원의 치과위생사 210명을 대상으로 2011년 10월 1일부터 20일까지 자기기입식 설문지 조사를 시행한 후 회수하여 응답이 불분명한 5명을 제외한 205명에 대해서 분석 하였다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS WIN 15.0 프로그램을 이용하여 분석하였다. 그 결과 근무 중 휴식시간 유무별로는 근무 중 휴식시간이 없는 치과위생사가 67.3%로 높은 분포를 보였고, 건물 밖 외출 여부별로는 때때로가 54.6%로 절반 이상을 차지하였으며, 건물 밖 외출횟수별로는 1회 86.1%로 대부분을 차지하였으며, 근무기관의 계절별 자연환기 정도별로는 봄, 여름, 가을, 겨울 모두 1일 2회 이내가 절반 이상을 차지하였으며, 다음으로 1일 4회 이내 19.0%, 기타 9.8%, 1일 10회 이내와 하루 종일 2.4% 순이었다. 실내자각증상 호소율에 대해 살펴본 결과는 4점 만점 중 전체 평균이 2.45로 나타났다. 먼저 영역별로는 평균이 '목증상'과 '눈증상'이 각각 2.54로 가장 높았으며, 문항 중에는 평균이 '눈이 잘 피로해진다'가 3.00으로 가장 높게 나타났다. 근무환경 특성에 따른 실내자각증상은 야간진료 여부별로는 야간진료를 하는 치과위생사가 그렇지 않은 치과위생사보다 실내자각증상이 낮았으며, 야간진료 여부에 따라 유의한 차이를 보였다(t=2.07, p<.05). 실내자각증상과 직무스트레스의 관계는 물리환경(r=.259, p<.001)과 직무요구(r=.311, p<.001), 관계갈등(r=.172, p<.05), 조직체계(r=.158, p<.05), 보상 부적절(r=.197, p<.01), 그리고 직무스트레스(r=.275, p<.001)와 통계적으로 유의한 상관관계를 보였다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
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• 2016.07a
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• pp.13-15
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• 2016

에너지 소비가 큰 건물은 내부 온/습도, 이산화탄소 농도, 미세먼지 농도 등의 일정 공기 질을 유지하면서 에너지 비용을 최소화할 수 있는 제어계획을 수립하는 것이 필요하다. 기존 건물에서 실내 환경의 운영은 설정된 실내 환경 값을 기준을 벗어나면 설비 기기를 제어하는 방식으로 이루어진다. 이는 단 시간에 고에너지를 투입하여 장비를 가동시키므로 에너지 소모가 크며 peak 전력이 높아 에너지 비용이 크다는 문제가 있다. 따라서 온도를 포함한 환경이 변해가는 상황을 예측하고 사전에 에너지 사용 계획을 수립하여 관리 제어를 수행함으로써 예열부하 등의 불필요한 에너지 손실을 절감하려 한다. 이를 위해 실내 환경이 변화하는 것을 예측하고 후보 제어계획으로 제어를 수행할 때 소요되는 에너지가 어느 정도인지 시뮬레이션하여 제어계획의 적합도를 평가한다. 기존 EnergyPlus와 같은 시뮬레이션 도구는 모델이 복잡하여 시뮬레이션에 많은 시간이 필요하기 때문에 환경 변화를 반영하기 위해 주기적으로 재수립되는 수많은 제어계획 데이터를 단시간에 시뮬레이션하기에 부적합하다. 본 논문에서는 빠른 시뮬레이션을 위해 실제 운영 데이터와 에뮬레이션을 통해 획득한 운영 데이터를 기반으로 학습 알고리즘을 이용하여 제어계획 적용 시의 미래 상황을 예측한다.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.325-336
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• 2000

During the last decade, an increasing interest in Underfloor Air-Conditioning(UFAC) systems has emerged. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate comprehensively the indoor environmental performance of office buildings with UFAC system in order to develope the design prototype of this system. In this paper, the physical measurements and the interviewing survey of occupant's sensation responses to the environment were carried out. Measurements and survey were made of the thermal environmental factors such as air temperature, relative humidity, air velocity, globe temperature, and the other several environmental factors such as the sound level and the illuminance of working plane, etc. And, the air quality was evaluated by measuring the concentration of suspended particles, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide in the room. Furthermore, the paper appraises the various indoor environmental factors of the room by using post-occupancy evaluation(POE) method in office building with UFAC system, and thus, it suggests the basic data for assessing the indoor comfort based on field measurements and survey.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2008.04a
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• pp.729-732
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• 2008

Recently the attention against the indoor air quality that could affect health and comfort of building becomes intensively, the efforts for a problem solving is advanced with many sidedness. The research which it mixes the activated carbon and the functional catalyst materials that will be able to dissolve foul air absorbed by activated carbon in concrete with application technique of existing differently examined the basic physical properties and the removal ratio of formaldehyde so that it analyzed the effect of air purge. The test results in addition quantity increase of the activated carbon the slump showed the tendency which it decreased and the compressive strength appeared with no much difference. The test result removal ratio of formaldehyde was measured until the maximum 80%.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.654-661
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• 2021

Air pollution caused by industrial development has become a level that can seriously threaten human health. In general, indoor air pollution is considered to be lower than outdoors, but modern people live indoors most of the time, thus it is essential to keep the indoor air quality comfortable in order to take care of one's own health and improve the quality of life. Therefore, the development of an indoor environment management platform using Internet of Things and data processing technology, which is currently drawing attention, is considered a very meaningful study. In this paper, we designed an IoT-based management platform that can remotely monitor and control indoor environments. In addition, the functions of the IoT terminal, gateway, and data server constituting the platform were implemented using open source and open libraries, and all functional operations were also verified. In particular, the IoT terminal and the gateway in this paper exchange data using BLE communication, so they can operate with relatively low power and since the gateway uses the BLE Advertising mode, it has the advantage of automatically recognizing IoT terminals that have not been previously configured.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.6 no.6
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• pp.659-670
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• 1997

Vehicle occupant exposure to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) has been a subject of concern In recent years because of higher levels of VOCs Inside vehicles as compared to the surrounding ambient atmosphere and because of the toxicity of VOCs. The effectiveness of two commercial ACDs for the removal of selected VOCs in the interior of automobiles was evaluated on 115 commutes throegh urban (Taegu) commutes by two cars and 9 idles. The idling and commuting studios conducted under four different driving conditions showed that the ho commercial ACDs were not effective for the removal of VOCs in the interior of vehicles. The concentrations of all target VOCs except benzene were significantly higher (p<0.05) in the interior of older car than of newer cu. The mean levels of benzene and toluene measured in thins study were well excess of earlier other studios In the United States, besides Los Angeles with which was comparable. It was reported that the in-vehicle exposure to benzene and corresponding upper-bound cancel risk were about 8 times higher than those for outdoor environment, while they were about half of those from Indoor environment.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.17-25
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• 2016

In this study, the air quality of underground and overground railway stations was evaluated focusing on the degree of influence of the outside air quality. The measured components were particulate matter ($PM_{10}$), carbon dioxide ($CO_2$), carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen dioxide ($NO_2$), formaldehyde (HCHO), ozone ($O_3$), total airborne bacteria (TAB), total volatile organic carbon (TVOC), and Radon (Rn), which are included in the maintenance standards and recommended standards of the Indoor Air Quality Management Act. Also, the indoor/outdoor concentration ratios of $PM_{10}$, $NO_2$, and $O_3$ were calculated to estimate the influence of the outdoor air quality. The concentrations of $PM_{10}$ HCHO, TVOC, $NO_2$, and Rn in the underground stations were found to be higher than those in the overground stations. These results indicate that the (present) generation of contaminants are caused by the indoor source of the underground station. The ozone concentration of the overground stations was higher than that of the underground stations, which indicates that the outdoor ozone concentration influenced that of the overground stations directly. Thus, methods of improving the IAQ should take into consideration the types of contamination.

• 유체기계공업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2002.12a
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• pp.147-151
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• 2002

Cross flow fan system is widely used for various applications, especially for the air-moving device of heaters, air-conditioners, and air-curtains. Although there are efforts for the optimization of cross-flow fan flow path with different methods of approach, it is still being investigated by many researchers through experimentally and/or theoretically, because the flow pattern of the cross flow fan is not stereotyped. This paper presents some results from numerical experiments for the optimization of the flow path through a cross-flow fan to be applied to indoor wall-mounted room heater. Two dimensional analysis has been applied to a specific fan system including inlet and diffuser outlet. Flow characteristics art presented and discussed for two different flow path at three different operating conditions represented by rotational speed(800, 1,000, 1,200 rpm) of the In. According to the simulated results for the specific fan system under consideration, it could be found that the flow pattern resembles each other at different rotational speed (to say from 800 rpm to 1,200 rpm) for a fixed flow path, while the secondary flows mostly absorbs the speed effects. By changing the flow path significant increase in volume flow rate is estimated upto 2.65 at the same rotational speed. According to the present experience, fan flow path design can be performed more efficiently by incorporating this type of numerical experiments combined with the model tests.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
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• 2017.01a
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• pp.87-88
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• 2017

오늘날 도시의 규모가 커지고 도시의 기능이 점점 복잡해진다. 또한, 도시에는 사람들이 많이 살고 있으며, 계속해서 도시로 사람들이 모이게 된다. 그러므로 도시에서의 삶은 서로 간에 점점 더 가까워지고 많은 부분에서 이웃 사람들과 연결되고 공간과 시간을 공유하게 된다. 특히, 사람들이 대중교통을 이용하면서 원하든 원치 않았든 많은 소리에 노출 되며, 그 소리에 대한 영향으로 서로 피해를 보기도 한다. 서울은 세계에서 가장 혼잡한 도시 중 하나이며, 이런 서울의 대중교통 중 마을버스는 좁은 골목길을 포함해 도로를 다니며 시민들의 공공의 이동을 담담하고 있다. 이 마을버스를 사용하는 사람들은 일반적으로 차량 내에서 좋은 승차감, 높은 공기질 및 적은 소음에서 이용하기를 원한다. 본 논문에서는 마을버스의 실내 소음에 대한 성가심도를 소음도 및 혼잡도에 관하여 분석한다. 그리고 이러한 상황별로 어떠한 경우에 성가심도가 높은지를 판단하고, 저감하는 방법을 마련하도록 하고자 한다. 분석결과 마을버스 내부 소음은 새 차와 오래된 차에서 큰 차이를 보이지 않았고, 성가심도 또한 도로 상황에 따른 소음의 정도에 민감한 반응을 보임을 확인하였다. 그래서 저감대안으로는 차량의 소음이 적게 발생 시키는 운전과, 차량의 정비 등을 제안하고자 한다.