• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.38C no.11
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• pp.1044-1050
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• 2013

This paper analyzes what is mitigated as spoofing attack using the U-Blox Receiver and GPS RF signal generator developed at ETRI. Generally the spoofing attack made the target receiver to be wrong navigation solution by providing false measurement of code and carrier. So we analyzed the impact of spoofing attack through the signal strength and navigation solution. In oder to test of effect of anti-spoofing signal, we consider the signal with antiphase code to spoofing signal and generated GPS normal signal and spoofing signal and anti-spoofing signal using GPS RF signal generator. This paper analyzed that the GPS receiver was responded to the spoofing attack according to code phase difference between spoofing and anti-spoofing signal. We confirmed that the spoofing signal was disappeared by anti-spoofing signal if code phase is an exact match.

• Journal of Satellite, Information and Communications
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.128-133
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• 2012

In this paper, we analysis the effect of error of code tracking and frequency tracking according to the chip delay of spoofing signal through the simulation. Firstly, we investigate the type of spoofing signal and defense technical of spoofing attack. For simulation, we generated the intermediate spoofing signal using the software GNSS signal generator simulator(SGGS), the intermediate spoofers synchronize its counterfeit GPS signals with the current broadcast GPS signals. The software GPS receiver simulator(SGRS) received the spoofing signal and normal signal from SGGS, and process the signals. In paper, we can check that the DLL and PLL tracking loop error are generated and pseudo-range is changed non-linear according to chip delay of spoofing signal when the spoofing signal is entered. As a result, we can check that navigation solution is incorrectly effected by spoofing signal.

• Journal of Satellite, Information and Communications
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.29-35
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• 2013

In this paper, we investigate the type and detection methode of spoofing attack, and then analyze the performance of spoofing detection algorithm in GPS L1 signal through the simulation. Generally spoofer is different from the jammer, because the receiver can be operated and not. In case of spoofing the GPS receiver is hard to recognize the spoofing attack and can be operated normally without stopping because the spoofing signal is the mimic GPS signal. To evaluate the performance of spoofing detection algorithm, both the software based spoofing and GPS signal generator and the software based GPS receiver are implemented. In paper, we can check that spoofing signal can affect to the DLL and PLL tracking loop because code delay and doppler frequency of spoofing. The spoofing detection algorithm has been implemented using the pseudorange, signal strength and navigation solution of GPS receiver and proposed algorithm can effectively detect the spoofing signal.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.7-13
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• 2014

In this paper, an effect on a GPS receiver by spoofing signal is analyzed and a GPS spoofing signal detection algorithm for GPS L1 C/A spoofing signal is proposed. A proposed detection algorithm monitors the correlation function distortion by the spoofing signal. If detected distortion is over a detection threshold, we can determine that the spoofing signal is received. The detection threshold is calculated from the statistical characteristics of a thermal noise. For verifying the suggested algorithm, a MATLAB-based simulation platform is implemented. This platform has functionalities to track GPS signal and measure the correlation values. By using this platform, the correlation function distortion by spoofing signal is observed. Also a performance of the algorithm proposed in this paper is applied and confirm the detection of a spoofing signal.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2008.04a
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• pp.63-64
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• 2008

GPS의 활용 분야는 군용 항법 시스템에서 항공, 선박 등의 개인 항법 시스템으로 확장되었다. GPS가 넓은 범위에서 응용됨에 따라 Jamming과 같은 고의적인 간섭 신호의 제거에 대하여 많은 연구가 진행되었다. 그러나 기만 신호의 특성이나 기만 기법에 대한 연구는 미비하다. 본 논문에서는 기만 신호의 구조와 기만 개념을 연구하였으며 기만신호의 생성 기법으로 항법 메시지를 이용한 기법과 GPS PRN 코드를 이용하여 TOA(Time of Arrival)에 오차를 인가하는 기법을 정리하고 이중 TOA에 오차를 인가하는 방식을 GPS 소프트웨어 플랫폼에 구현하여 기만신호를 생성하였다. 또한 기만 신호 대응 기법의 개발 텐 성능 분석을 위하여 소프트웨어 GPS 수신기를 이용하여 생성한 기만 신호가 GPS 수신기에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.157-164
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• 2013

In the presence of spoofing signal the GPS signal having the same PRN with the spoofer is hard to be acquired since the power of spoofing signal is usually stronger than that of GPS signal. If a spoofing signal exists for the same PRN, there are double peaks in two-dimensional space of frequency and code phase in acquisition stage. Using double peak information it is possible to detect spoofing signal and acquire GPS information through separate channel tracking. In this paper we introduce an anti-spoofing method using double peak detection, and thus can acquire GPS navigation data after two-channel tracking for the same PRN as the spoofing signal.

• Journal of Satellite, Information and Communications
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.15-20
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• 2016

In this paper, we developed the hardware GPS signal generator for generating a GPS L1 meaconing signal with Live GPS signal signals and analyzed the performance of meaconing signal generator thorough the experiment. Deception of the signal, such as a re-broadcast, it is an object of the user to provide false information so as not to receive location information and accurate time. The signal just rebroadcast has the features that can be easily deceive the receiver via a delay of no received signal to the signal processing through an antenna. In this paper, the hardware for generating a signal only these rebroadcast designed and manufactured, by re-sending the received Live GPS signals, to confirm the effect of the receiver. The maximum delay time is possible up to about 2.6msec, also, has been successfully tested to be moved to the position of re-broadcasting based on maturity antenna the position of the receiver through a spaced antenna.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.97-102
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• 2019

The GNSS(Global Navigation Satellite System) provides important information such as Position and Navigation, Timing(PNT) to various weapon systems in the military. as a result, applications that employ satellite navigation systems are increasing. therefore, a number of studies have been conducted to deceive the weapon systems that employ GNSS. GNSS spoofing denotes the transmission of counterfeit GNSS-like signals with the intention to produce a false position and time within the victim receiver. In order to deceive the victim receiver, spoofing signal should be synchronized with GNSS signal in doppler frequency and code phase, etc. In this paper, Civilian GPS L1 C/A spoofing signals have been evaluated and analyzed by SDR receiver.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.32-38
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• 2011

In this paper, code and carrier tracking error which resulted from spoofing signal was analyzed by simulation. For a start, the types of spoofing signals and methods were classified. For the simulation, search spoofing method is assumed because a perfect position and velocity are not generally informed to spoofing device. In most cases, the tracking error is increased but a complete deception does not happen because of the inherent anti-spoofing characteristics of the GPS signal.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.296-303
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• 2010

The term "spoofing" refers to the transmission of counterfeit signals to provide undetectable falsification of GPS service. A spoofing can be accomplished using information from open literature which defines the signal format and the data structure. Spoofing is intended either to produce erroneous navigation solutions or saturate the processor of the victim receiver. The GPS receiver has no way to get rid of the effect of a spoofing because GPS receivers for civil service do not have an anti-spoofing scheme. This paper analyzes the spoofing characteristics, spoofing methods and environment conditions. And the spoofing effects on GPS receiver are analyzed in detail using the designed software-based spoofer and the Nordnav receiver.