• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.121-128
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• 2015

Objectives : This study developed and validated the Perceived Stigma of Delirium Scale(PSDS), which is designed to measure perceived stigma associated with delirium in patients suffering from that disorder. Methods : Based on a literature review of scales assessing stigma, a preliminary scale comprising seven items was developed. After recovering from delirium, 128 patients completed the PSDS and the Distress Thermometer (DT). Factor analysis was used to examine construct validity, and internal consistency and test-retest reliability were examined to ensure reliability. Concurrent validity was assessed using the correlation between the total scores on the PSDS and the DT. Results : Factor analysis yielded a single-factor structure from the seven candidate items. One item was excluded due to low factor loading. The internal consistency was computed and Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ was 0.85 for the total score. The overall test-retest reliability was 0.71, with items ranging from 0.58 to 0.83. The total score on the PSDS was significantly correlated with the DT score. Conclusions : The PSDS may be a reliable, valid instrument for evaluating perceived stigma in patients who have recovered from delirium. Further study of the perceived stigma by delirium patients is required to assess the implications of the PSDS for clinical practice and research.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.13 no.10
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• pp.587-595
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to demonstrate exploring the field application of combined cognitive-motor learning program based on proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation and Bartenieff Fundamental program. The combined cognitive-motor learning program(CC) was applied to the 10 MCI elder while 10 elder in occupational therapy(OT) took cognitive learning class. MMSE-K, Time up & go test(TUG), Tandem gait test(TA), GQOL-D were measured and analyzed. The collected data were analyzed by Independent & Paired T-test. The results were as follows: Both groups showed similar learning effect in MMSE-K test. However, in TA & GQOL-D test, CC group showed significant learning effect than OT group. From these result, we conclude that combined cognitive-motor learning program is valuable as alternative program for cognitive development and social development as well as physical development of MCI elder.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.64-72
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to compare the physical, psychological, and social well-being of elderly women living in rural areas depending on their participation in swimming activities. Study sample consisted of 41 elderly women residing in the G province of C region who participated in swimming activities at least 3 times per week for one or more years, and 43 elderly women of the same area who did not participate in swimming activities. Data was collected over the course of 6 weeks. Analysis of the data showed that there are significant differences between participants and non-participants of swimming activities in their physical well-being(pain, flexibility), psychological well-being(perceived health status, depression), and their social well-being(strengthened interpersonal relations). In other words, participants of swimming activities, compared to non-participants, were in better physical, psychological, and social conditions. Thus, active encouragement and support must be in place for elderly women in rural areas to engage in swimming activities by utilizing local swimming facilities.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.113-134
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• 2007

This study investigated body-related values, body-esteem, and the relationship between them based on the survey data drawn from female college students in three East Asian countries(Korea, Japan, and China). 168 Korean, 108 Chinese, and 152 Japanese female college students responded to questions designed to measure four sorts of body values (operability, inclination, locus of evaluation, and social utility) and four dimensions of body esteem (appearance, weight, health, overall). The results showed that body-related values and body-esteem differ among three countries. Japanese showed the highest acceptance level for the voluntary body alteration(operability), while chinese scored the lowest. Inclination to body appearance over health was higher in Korean than in Japanese and in Chinese. Korean also evaluated the importance of body appearance and its social utility the highest, followed by Japanese and Chinese. There were dramatic differences in body esteem between Korean and Japanese. Regarding body-esteem, Korean showed the highest appearance-esteem, but the health-esteem was the lowest. On the contrary, Japanese showed the highest health-esteem, but the appearance-esteem was lowest. Chinese showed the highest weight-esteem. Four sorts of body values showed significant correlations with appearance-esteem and weight-esteem, respectively but not with health-esteem. Overall, the result supported the prediction that different political, social, and economic backdrops in three countries would be related with different body-related values and body esteem in the female college students.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.136-143
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• 2021

Objectives : The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak is a global medical crisis imposing particular burden on public sector employees. The aim of this study was to investigate the psychiatric distress among public sector workers amid the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods : We conducted a cross-sectional study with 531 public sector workers in Gwangmyung city who completed Korean versions of the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), and Impact of Event Scale-Revised-Korean (IES-R-K). Results : The results revealed more than moderate levels of stress (85.2%), depressive symptoms (22.2%), and posttraumatic stress symptoms (38.8%). PSS total score was significantly correlated with PHQ-9, IES-R-K total scores as well as IES-R-K subscale scores. Total scores on the PSS, PHQ-9, and IES-R-K were all inversely correlated with age. Conclusions : COVID-19-related workers experience considerable stress and depressive symptoms, with self-rated stress correlating significantly with depression scores. Age may serve as a protective factor against occupational stress and burnout. These findings highlight the need for adequate psychiatric screening and intervention for public sector workers.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.129-136
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• 2019

This study was conducted to identify the health promotion behavior of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and examine the factors influencing this behavior. The subjects were 152 outpatients who were treated for pulmonary tuberculosis at the national tuberculosis hospital located in M City. Data were collected from July to September, 2016 and analyzed using the t-test, ANOVA, Duncan's test, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and multiple regression analysis. Health promotion behavior was negatively correlated with physical symptoms, perceived barriers, and depression, but positively correlated with self-efficacy. The most powerful variable influencing health promotion behavior was depression and the model showed an explanatory power of 63.5%. The results of this study suggest that it is necessary to employ a variety of strategies to practice and maintain the health promotion behavior of pulmonary tuberculosis patients to decrease their depression and provide psychological support.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.61-71
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• 1999

Objective : The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between the premenstrual changes and stress perception in women with premenstrual changes($PMC^+$)(n=32) and those without premenstrual changes($PMC^-$)(n=62) by using prospective method. Method : The women who were older than 30 years of age and healthy were asked to complete a daily rating form based on DSM-IV diagnostic criteria for one menstrual cycle to assess the changes of psychological and physical symptoms across the menstrual cycle. They also completed 5-point likert scale to assess the perception of stress. Percent changes method was used to assess changes between follicular phase and luteal phase. Results : 1) No significant differences were found in demographic factors(age, education, marriage, employment) and risk factors(onset ages of menarche, regularities of premenstrual changes, duration of menstruation, cycle length, amount of menstruation, dysmenorrhea) between women with and without premenstrual changes. 2) There was a significant difference in mean luteal phase stress score between women with($1.92\pm0.63$) and without premenstrual changes($1.51\pm0.42$)(p<0.05). However no difference was found in mean follicular phase stress score between two groups($PMC^+$ : $1.67\pm0.43$, $PMC^-$ : $1.33\pm0.39$). 3) We divided women having premenstrual changes into two groups, higher stress group(stress score > 1.75(median)) and the lower stress group(stress score <1.75(median)). The higher stress group reported more luteal psychological symptoms than did the lower stress group(df=1, F=13.362, p<0.001). However, the groups did not differ in physical symptoms. Conclusion : In women with premenstrual changes, luteal stress score was higher than follicular stress score and this result suggested tha the perception of stress was related to psychological symptoms but not physical symptoms. These findings suggested that premenstrual change is associated with the stress level, and that it is important to manage the stress which is focused on the management of psychological symptom in the treamtment of prementrual syndrome.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.193-203
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship between depression and physical health of the elderly and to provide fundamental data for programs which improve the health of this population. The subjects were 168 elderly people(55 years and older) who resided at home in Taegu. They were surveyed by interview using a closed- ended questionnaire. The survey was done from September 16 to October 16 in 2000. The instruments used in this study were general characteristics, Short form Geriatric Depression Scale(SGDS), Barthel Index, Muscular skeletal symptoms scale, Northern Illinois University's Health Self Rating Scale. The data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson Correlation Coefficient, multiple regression with SPSS PC 10.0 version for Windows. The findings were as follows: 1. As compared 65-74 years elderly group, 75-84 years group was significantly higher score for depression(F=3.17, p=.026). As compared elderly group who has own spouse, the group who has no own spouse was significantly higher score for depression(t=- 2.44, p=.016). 2. The aged who have more limitation of Activities of Daily Living(ADL)(t=3.93, p=.000), pain of muscular skeletal symptoms(F=5.33, p=.002) and poor perceived health state(F=17.04, p=.000) showed the higher severity of depression than the aged who have not. 3. ADL correlated negatively with depression(r=- .293, p=.000), pain of muscular skeletal symptoms correlated positively(r=.251, p=.001), perceived health status correlated negatively(r=-.522, p=.000). 4. The combination of perceived health status and ADL explained 29.1% of the varience of depression. On the basis of the above findings the following recommendations are made; 1. Developing health programs is needed considering ADL, pain of muscular skeletal symptoms, perceived health status, demographic variables (age, spouse status) which have an significant effects on depression of the elderly. 2. In the following study, the use of the various scale is needed which reflects physical status of the elderly in home.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.120-123
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• 1996

Regarding menopause as a turning point in woman's lift, the author reviewed the psychosocial aspects of menopause. Seeing menstruation as the symbolic meaning of female sexuality, psychoanalysts argue that menopause, the loss of symbolic meaning of female sexuality, may bring a mourning reaction to woman. It is reported that the high ratio of depression does not have a serious relationship with the menopause syndrome, and that depression cannot be viewed as a different symptoms. It is also proved that most women successfully recover themselves from temporary menopause symptom. Research data shows that some women have a negative thought on the meaning of menopause. Others, however, have a positive concept on the meaning of menopause because of the feeling of release and freedom. In sum, the author suggests that psychosocial consideration is very important as much as bilogical consideration in considering the meaning of menopausal syndrome.

• Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science
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• v.8
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• pp.183-206
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• 2001

The purpose of this thesis is to find out mediational role of risk about the repurchasing intention of hotel services. The result of this study can provide some directives for the strategic marketing implementation in the hotel industry. The results of the analysis are as follows: 1. To study the effect of perceived service quality on the repurchasing intention of customers, multi regression analysis was executed and, in the personnel service as well as in the physical service, it showed a plus (+) effect on the result. 2. To study the effect of perceived service quality on the perceived risk, multi regression analysis was executed and, in the part of performance risk and socio-psychological risk of the personnel service, it showed a negative(-) effect on the result; however, in the physical service, it doesn't give any statistical meaningful influence on the result. And, on the physical risk, those two service quality showed a negative(-) effect in the meaningful level. 3. To study the effect of perceived Risk on the repurchasing intention of customers, a multi regression analysis was also executed and, in the parts of all risks of performance, socio-psychological and physical, it showed a negative(-) effect on the result in the meaningful level.