• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.267-288
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to examine the child-rearing difficulties of mothers with twins in an effort to discuss how to lend assistance to these mothers, as the birth of twins has been on the rise. The participants in this study were six mothers who resided in the city of P and raised infant twins. They were interviewed twice in depth from December, 2012, to July, 2013. The findings of the study were as follows: First, as for the difficulties of their children perceived by the mothers, their children had to share everything, no matter if it was good or bad, and they were confronted with environmental constraints. In addition, they were fragile from the moment they were born. Second, concerning the self-perceived child-rearing difficulties of the mothers, they had no time to take care of themselves at all and felt lonely all the time. And they were under pressure due to financial burden. In order to help these mothers and their children to tide over their difficulties, there should be a change in the way people in general look at twins, and the establishment of emotional and financial support systems is required. The findings of the study are expected to provide some information on how to offer full-fledged support for mothers with twins.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.295-318
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• 2010

Recently a reading education system has been developed to manage the accumulated reading activities and past records of individuals under the web environment using computers. And the reading education system, where we can have comprehensive reading education, has been developed and been applied to schools. The reading records in the reading education system can contribute to the improvement of reading activities and reading comprehension, the extension of thinking ability, and the cultivation of insight and character of the readers. The system will provide basic data for reading education for the teachers. The reading education system will accumulate the reading records of individuals. This system is not restricted by time and space. Also the system can support the reading education of children and students effectively. The menu of the reading education system is composed of a test of reading level, reading materials, activities after reading, reading certification, reading record management and instruction of teachers.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.12D no.2 s.98
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• pp.283-288
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• 2005

Test case prioritization methods schedule test cases for execution when we can not practically run all test cases for regression testing. We proposed a new prioritization method that is based on historical execution and mr detection data. And we conducted an experiment to compare the proposed method with existing Random and LRU methods using the fault age under the long run environment as criterion. The experiment shows several interesting results. First, our results show that they are complementary. Random method shows good performance for programs that have many error-detectable test cases and HED is more effective for the programs that can be detected by very small amount of test cases. But LRU is more effective for the programs that have relatively medium amount of error detectable test cases. Next, the performance of prioritization method is affected by the size of test suites. Two experiments that have different size of test suites show considerably different fault ages and performance order. And lastly, the $20\%$ of test cases shows considerably good performance compared to the execution result of the full test suite.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.193-212
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• 2013

Despite widespread availability of communication media supported ICT(Information & Communication Technology), the influence factors and its role to the communication interaction is not clear. The main objective of this research is to examine the factors that affect to the efficient and effective means of communication interaction. The investigation focuses on the effect of four different factors such as ICT communication media characteristics, personal innovativeness, and ICT media attitude. The hypotheses have been tested with the survey of 159 smart phone users. The research summarized in this paper decomposes the influence of the characteristics of ICT media, IT personal innovativeness, and the attitude of ICT usage to the efficient and effective communication interaction.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.7 no.11
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• pp.1620-1629
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• 2004

The objectives of access control are to protect computing and communication resources from illegal use, alteration, disclosure and destruction by unauthorized users. Although Biba security model is well suited for protecting the integrity of information, it is considered too restrictive to be an access control model for commercial environments. And, Role-Based Access Control(RBAC) model, a flexible and policy-neutral security model that is being widely accepted in commercial areas, has a possibility for compromising integrity of information. In this paper, We present the role graph model which enhanced flexibility and integrity to management of many access permission. Also, In order to represent those rule and constraints clearly, formal descriptions of role assignment rule and constraints in Z language are also given.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.141-149
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• 2013

This paper presents a scheduling technique that reflects various constraints in remodeling project of inhabited condition. The remodeling project of inhabited condition is required more detailed planning and control due to claims by noise, vibration, dust, smells, limited lift capacity, and limited temporary stock area. Because of the constraints, complexity in scheduling is increased and earlier completion is required to reduce the possibility of safety and environment accidents. Especially, in case of inhabited condition, the scheduling should be linked day-time/night-time/weekend work. This paper proposes a structured scheduling technique to incorporate those constraints in remodeling of inhabited condition. This scheduling technique considers not only remodeling process but also dismantling, newly-construction, and residents movement. Process expression method using MS-Project also presented to keep connectivity with existing scheduling system.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.155-173
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• 2011

Recently, with the digitalization of a broadcasting system and the development of a communication technology, the existing trend of consuming media contents throughout the fixed-displayer and the dedicated channel is being changed. The existing user only could consume media contents under limited time and places because of the fixed-displayer and the dedicated channel. However, with advent of the IP-based terminals and HTTP adaptive streaming which transfer the media sequence according to the user's transmission condition, users become possible to enjoy the media content anytime anywhere. As the result of the alteration of the broadcasting surrounding, users can enjoy the media content while changing his terminals according to their preferences and circumstances. However, in case that users try to consume consecutively the content from last view-point ended in the previous terminal under current HTTP adaptive streaming environment, a user has to remember the last view-point, and then has to apply the view-point to the changed terminal. Thus, for solving this problem, this paper defines "User Profile" for describing the metadata for the chained content consume environment between the terminals. Also, for proving the proposed method, this paper try to demonstrate the proposed method throughout the realization of the system based on Smooth Streaming from Microsoft.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.28 no.11
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• pp.1354-1360
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• 2018

The aim of this study was to develop a simple, environmentally friendly synthesis of silver nanoparticles (SNPs) without the use of chemical reducing agents by exploiting the extracellular synthesis of SNPs in a culture supernatant of Bacillus thuringiensis CH3. Addition of 5 mM $AgNO_3$ to the culture supernatant at a ratio of 1:1 caused a change in the maximum absorbance at 418 nm corresponding to the surface plasmon resonance of the SNPs. Synthesis of SNPs occurred within 8 hr and reached a maximum at 40-48 hr. The structural characteristics of the synthesized SNPs were investigated by various instrumental analysis. FESEM observations showed the formation of well-dispersed spherical SNPs, and the presence of silver was confirmed by EDS analysis. The X-ray diffraction spectrum indicated that the SNPs had a face-centered cubic crystal lattice. The average SNP size, calculated using DLS, was about 51.3 nm and ranged from 19 to 110 nm. The synthesized SNPs exhibited a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity against a variety of pathogenic Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and yeasts. The highest antimicrobial activity was observed against C. albicans, a human pathogenic yeast. The FESEM observations determined that the antimicrobial activity of the SNPs was due to destruction of the cell surface, cytoplasmic leakage, and finally cell lysis. This study suggests that B. thuringiensis CH3 is a potential candidate for efficient synthesis of SNPs, and that these SNPs have potential uses in a variety of pharmaceutical applications.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.83-102
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• 2008

Ubiquitous computing requires timely supply of contextual information in order to upgrade decision quality. In this sense, this study is aimed at proposing a multi-dynamic decision support system for highly ill-structured problems. Especially, it is very important for decision makers in the ubiquitous computing to coordinate conflicts among local goals and global goal harmoniously. The proposed Multi-Dynamic Decision Support System (MDDSS) is basically composed of both central structure and distributed structure, in which central structure supports multi objects decision making and distributed structure supports individual decision making. Its hybrid architecture consists of decision processor, multi-agent controller and intelligent knowledge management processor. Decision processor provides decision support using contexts which come from individual agents. Multi-agent controller coordinates tension among multi agents to resolve conflicts among them. Meanwhile, intelligent knowledge management processor manages knowledge to support decision making such as rules, knowledge, cases and so on. To prove the validity of the proposed MDDSS, we applied it to an u-fulfillment problem system in which many kinds of decision makers exist trying to satisfy their own objectives, and timely adjustment of action strategy is required. Therefore, the u-fulfillment problem is a highly ill-structured problem. We proved its effectiveness with the aid of multi-agent simulation comprising 60 customers and 10 vehicles under three experimental modes.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.246-259
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• 2001

Due to recent rapid deployment of Internet streaming service and digital broadcasting service, the issue of how to efficiently support streaming workload in so called "Internet Home Appliance" receives prime interests from industry as well as academia. The underlying dilemma is that it may not be feasible to put cutting edge CPU, boards, disks and other peripherals into that type of device. The primary reason is its cost. Usually, Internet Home Appliances has its dedicated usage, e.g. Internet Radio, and thus it does not require high-end CPU nor high-end Va subsystem. The same reasoning applies to I/O subsystem. In Internet Home Appliances dedicated to handle compressed moving picture, it is not equipped with high end SCSI disk with fast rotational speed. Thus, it is mandatory to devise elaborate software algorithm to exploit the available hardware resources and maximize the efficiency of the system. This paper presents our experiences in the design and implementation of a new multimedia file system which can efficiently deliver the required disk bandwidth for a periodic I/O workload. We have implemented the file system on the Linux operating system, and examined itsperformance under streaming I/O workload. The results of the study show that the proposed file system exhibits superior performance than the Linux Ext2 file system under streaming I/O workload. The result of this work not only contribute to advance the state f art file system technology for multimedia streaming but also put forth the software which is readily available and can be deployed. deployed.