• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.201-210
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• 2007

Many diseases occur by stress or effect of stress. The basis for using hormones in research of stress is the observation that most systems in the body show changes during stress and that hormonal markers in these changes are related with stress. Conceptually, the central role of sympathetic nervous system(SNS) and hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal(HPA) axis activity in stress provides copious justification for measuring hormonal changes. Catecholamines like epinephrine and norepinephrine, cortisol, testosterone and growth hormone and so on show sensitive reaction to stress. The major advantage of salivary sample to stress research is that its sampling technique can be performed in non-stressful conditions and without physical restraint and ethical problems. Because hormone levels in saliva is a good reflection of hormone levels in plasma, application of stress hormones in saliva is very useful for research of orofacial pain related with stress.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.105-115
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• 2010

목적 : 침은 다양한 질환의 치료에 보편적으로 쓰이고 있으며 고혈압, 당뇨, 정신질환 등을 포함한 스트레스성 질환에도 활용되고 있다. 결박 스트레스는 스트레스 호르몬(코르티코스테론, 멜라토닌)의 혈장 농도를 크게 증가시키는 간단하고 효과적인 스트레스 요인이다. 본 연구는 결박 스트레스를 시행한 백서의 스트레스 호르몬의 혈중 농도에 대한 전기침의 효과를 조사하였다. 방법 : 결박 그룹은 2시간의 결박 스트레스를 받았으며 결박 스트레스 및 고주파수 전침그룹과 결박 스트레스 및 저주파수 전침그룹은 결박 스트레스와 고주파수 전침, 또는 결박 스트레스와 저주파수 전침을 동시에 각각 시행하였다. 급성 스트레스 유발 시에는 결박 스트레스를 1차례, 만성 스트레스 유발 시에는 7차례 시행하였다. 전기침 자극에는 우측 족삼리($ST_{36}$)를 사용하였다. 결박 스트레스 및 전기침으로 유도된 코르티코스테론과 멜라토닌의 농도를 측정하기 위해서 결박 스트레스 및 전기침 자극이 시작된 30분, 60분, 90분, 120분 후에 백서를 단두하여 혈액 샘플을 채취하였다. 결과 : 급성 스트레스 유발 시에는 고주파수 전침그룹의 코르티코스테론 혈장 농도가 증가하였고 멜라토닌 농도의 시간적 패턴을 변화시켰으나 저주파수 전침그룹에서는 유의한 변화가 없었다. 만성 스트레스 유발 시에는 고주파수 전침그룹의 혈장 코르티코스테론과 멜라토닌 농도가 유의하게 감소되었으나 저주파수 전침그룹에서는 변화가 없었다. 결론 : 이러한 결과는 전침이 결박 스트레스로 유도된 스트레스 호르몬의 혈장 농도 및 시간적 분비패턴을 변화시키는 효과가 있으나 스트레스 호르몬 반응을 변화시키는 데 있어서 주파수에 따른 유의한 차이가 있다는 것을 의미한다.

• Journal of the Health Care and Life Science
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.163-167
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• 2022

Water is an indispensable material for life and health, an essential ingredient for maintaining blood volume, and plays an important role in nutrient supply and waste excretion in the body. Water is also involved in hormone secretion, and when the body dehydration, the main organs cannot function and secrete stress hormones. Therefore, we investigated the changes in salivary cortisol hormone after water intake in 32 healthy adults. They were divided into two groups: The control group (N=16), which consumed water ad libitum, and the experimental group (N=16), which consumed 2L of water per day. Of blood biochemical parameters, a significant decrease in the concentration salivary cortisol hormone decreased in the experimental group. (p < 0.05). In conclusion, a steady and sufficient water intake may contribute to alleviate stress by decreasing cortisol hormone. As a result, constant intake of water appears to reduce the secretion of stress hormones by leading organs functioning properly, further improving immune function.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.281-287
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• 2017

Stress in skin plays a significant role in both the direct/indirect regulation of cellular processes occurring in hair, which in turn affect the hair cycle. However, experimental data regarding the effects of stress-related corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) released by stress on the apoptotic process involved in hair is limited. Therefore, we investigated the acceleration of early-stage apoptosis induced by atopy-related stress using a 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene NC/Nga mice model. Expression of CRF, its related proteins, annexin V, and mitochondrial dysfunction were measured by immunohistochemical analyses. Atopic stress strongly stimulated stress hormones response, such as CRF and adrenocorticotropic hormone, in outer epithelial sheath of the hair. Moreover, its stress induced mitochondrial damage and early-stage apoptosis of cells in hair root. These findings suggest that hair damage due to apoptosis in atopy model is accelerated in a high CRF environment. Importantly, the effect of stress-related CRF on apoptosis processes involved in atopy dermatitis-related hair loss, suggests that the CRF-regulating development or maintenance materials may provide effective therapeutic strategies for hair health.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.18-24
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• 2017

본 연구는 청소년 스트레스 호르몬 변화를 보기위한 연구로 컬러 컨설팅 환경개선에 따른 스트레스 호르몬 변화를 연구하였다. 청소년 스트레스 연구들에 따르면, 아동이나 청소년도 성인만큼 스트레스를 경험하고 있고 청소년들의 스트레스는 정서적 부적응과 신체적 건강에도 영향을 미친다. 스트레스가 지속되면 부신피질에서 스테로이드 호르몬인 코티솔도 분비하는 근거를 통해 환경변화로 생긴 코티솔 분비를 측정하였다. 코티솔 분비를 통한 스트레스 반응 정도 측정은 침해성을 최소화하기 위한 간편한 방법인 타액검사로 실시하였으며 비 침습적인 방법으로 특별한 장비나 도움이 없이 수집할 수 있었고 부작용이 적은 효율적 검사였다. 연구 결과 전체 학생(46명)의 코티솔은 환경개선 사전($0.121{\pm}0.087{\mu}g/dL$)에 비해 사후($0.096{\pm}0.058{\mu}g/dL$)에 감소하였고(t=1.718, p=.093) 중고등학생(36명)의 코디솔은 사전($0.137{\pm}0.092{\mu}g/dL$)에 비해 사후($0.104{\pm}0.062{\mu}g/dL$)에 감소하였으며, 유의수준 10%에서 통계적으로도 유의미한 차이를 보였다(t=1.750, p=.089). 따라서 환경 개선 전에 비해 환경 개선 후 청소년들의 스트레스가 감소되었음을 알 수 있다. 하지만 초등학생(10명)의 코티솔은 사전($0.064{\pm}0.023{\mu}g/dL$)에 비해 사후($0.065{\pm}0.016{\mu}g/dL$)에 변화를 보이지 않아, 유의수준 5%에서 통계적으로 유의미한 변화는 나타나지 않았다(t=-0.121, p=0.906). 따라서 후두엽이 발달하는 중학생 시기는 환경 변화에 민감하며 색채 자극에 크게 영향을 미치는 시기인 만큼 본 연구에서 환경전후로 검사한 코티솔 분비의 측정값도 감소함을 볼 수 있었다. 하지만 본 연구는 환경 변화에 코티솔 분비량에 유의미한 변화를 나타내지 않은 초등학생들은 스트레스 호르몬 변화에는 차이가 없었지만 환경변화의 자극이 없었다고 볼 수는 없다.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.394-402
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• 2014

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of chronic unpredictable stress on the reproductive function and ovarian luteinizing hormone receptor (LHR) expression. 9-week-old C57BL/6 female mice were randomly divided into two groups: control group and stressed group. Mice have been stressed twice a day for 35 days with 12 different stressors which were randomly selected. The results demonstrate that there is significant increase in the anxiety-related behaviors (P < 0.05), decrease body weight gain rate (P < 0.01) and decrease in the average of litter size in stressed mice compared with control group (P < 0.01). Furthermore, the rate of primary, secondary and early antral follicles in stressed mice significantly decreased (P < 0.05), whereas that of atretic follicles significantly increased compared with control mice (P < 0.01). The immunohistochemical analysis revealed that reduced LHR expression in granulosa cells of follicle and luteal cells of corpus luteum in response to chronic unpredictable stress. The western blot analysis revealed significantly decrease in LHR expression in the stressed mice ovaries compared with the control (P < 0.05). These results suggest that ovarian LHR expression affected by chronic unpredictable stress and the modulated ovarian LHR is responsible for ovarian follicular maldevelopment and reproductive dysfunction.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.11 no.10
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• pp.3833-3838
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• 2010

Brainwave can be the most effective means of detecting the state of the brain that changes moment by moment. Since brain has closed relations with hormones which are a foundation of metabolism, it needs to examine closely the mutual relationship between brainwave and hormone. We examined the possibility to find out such information about metabolism by comparing brainwave with cortisol hormone. The major variables are anti-stress quotient of brainwave and cortisol density which give stress information of the working women, to measure from March 3 to May 28, 2007. To find out the relationship between them, we performed such statistical analysis about the before and after of brainwave training as t-test, correlational analysis and regression analysis. We obtained following results: First, considerable changes of variables is shown by brain-wave training. Second, there exist a correlation between variables. Third, according to regression analysis, influence between variables is verified. Thus, we found that stress information of hormone analytical level can be obtined only through brainwave analysis.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.1027-1035
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• 2008

This research is aimed to investigate the effect of repetitive dive on physiological reactions, change of stress hormones in no decompression limit of sport SCUBA dive, an emerging recreational activity recently. In order to compare physiological reactions prior to and after the initial dive and after repetitive dive at a certain depth of a place, eight adult male divers with more than forty dives, who reside in Busan and were certified, were selected. The research results obtained from the procedures described above are follows: First, for physiological reactions, heart rates, temperatures, and systolic blood pressures had significant difference among prior to and after the initial dive and after the repetitive dive, while diastolic blood pressures did not show remarkable difference as it increased before and after the first dive but decreased following the repetitive dive again. Second, for change of stress hormones, it was not significantly different prior to and after the initial dive and following the repetitive dive, as well as before and during the first dive and the repetitive dive.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.100-112
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• 2011

Objectives : This study investigated the effects of electroacupuncture on memory, depression, and plasma stress hormone levels in rats that were under immobilization stress. Materials and Methods : The immobilization-only group was given two hours of immobilization stress for 10 consecutive days. The immobilization and high frequency EA group was given two hours of immobilization stress simultaneously with high frequency (100Hz) electroacupuncture stimulation on the right ST-36 (Zusanli) for 10 consecutive days. We conducted the inhibitory avoidance and forced swimming tests to recognize whether immobilization stress and electroacupuncture have effects on memory and depression. We collected blood samples from the tail of each rat at 30, 60, 90, and 120-minute intervals during the immobilization stress and EA stimulation to measure plasma concentrations of ACTH, corticosterone, melatonin, and norepinephrine induced by immobilization stress and electroacupuncture. Results : There was a significant effect of high frequency on the increase in anamnesis based on the result of the inhibitory avoidance test, but there was no significant effect of decreasing depression based on the result of the forced swim test. Also, there was no significant effect on the response indicated by stress hormones. Conclusions : 1. High frequency electroacupuncture (100Hz) improved anamnesis in immobilization stress states under the inhibitory avoidance task. 2. High frequency electroacupuncture (100Hz) did not reduce depression induced by immobilization stress under the forced swimming test. 3. High frequency electroacupuncture (100Hz) did not decrease stress hormones through blood sampling.

• Journal of the korean veterinary medical association
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.186-189
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• 1988