• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국전기전자재료학회 2009년도 하계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.341-341
• /
• 2009

초전도 케이블의 대용량 전력수송능력을 실계통에 적용하기 위해서는 정상상태 뿐 아니라 계통운용상 발생하는 비정상 상태에 대해서도 안정된 성능을 나타내야 한다. 계통운영시 가장 일반적으로 발생하는 비정상 상태의 하나인 계통불평형부하 상태에서의 초전도 케이블의 특성을 실증적으로 확인하기 위해 한전 고창전력시험센터에서 신뢰성시험을 실시하였다. 삼상 송전계통에서 각 상 도체전류는 각 상의 부하량에 의해 결정이 되므로 과도상태라 해도 상당한 시간동안 도체전류가 불평형일 경우 자기적으로 결합된 차폐층전류의 불평형상태가 발생한다. 차폐층전류는 삼상 순환회로의 중성도체가 존재하지 않는 경우 도체전류와의 차이가 발생하게 되어 자기차폐 실패의 원인이 됨으로서 AC손실 증가요인으로서 영향이 커진다. 본 논문에서는 도체전류의 불평형 상태를 실증적으로 모의 발생시켜 연관된 차폐층 순환전류의 형태 및 특성을 검토함으로서 삼상 초전도 케이블의 불평형 부하특성에 대한 연구 진행경과를 요약한다.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
• /
• 제20권3호
• /
• pp.245-255
• /
• 2009

Effect of CO$_2$ concentration on reduction reactivity of oxygen carrier particles for chemical-looping combustor were investigated. Four particles, NiO/bentonite, OCN601-650, OCN702-1100, OCN702-1250, were used as oxygen carrier particles and two kinds of gases (CH$_4$, 5%, N$_2$ balance and CH$_4$ 5%, CO$_2$ balance) were used as reactants for reduction. For all oxygen carrier particles, higher maximum conversion, reduction rate, oxygen transfer capacity, and oxygen transfer rate were achieved when we used N$_2$ balance gas. OCN601-650 particle showed higher oxygen transfer rate for all gases than other particles, and therefore we selected OCN601-650 particle as the best candidate. For all particles, lower carbon depositions were observed when we used CO$_2$ balance gas.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
• /
• 제28권4호
• /
• pp.384-391
• /
• 2017

Effects of operating variables on solid circulation rate were measured and discussed using two-interconnected circulating fluidized bed system at ambient temperature and pressure. OCN 706-1100 particles were used as oxygen carrier. The measured solid circulation rates increased as the lower loop seal gas flow rates and the solid height in the fuel reactor increased. Suitable operating conditions to avoid choking of the air reactor were confirmed. Continuous long-term operations of steady-state solid circulation were also demonstrated at two different conditions based on the operating window.

• 대한기계학회논문집
• /
• 제11권1호
• /
• pp.105-109
• /
• 1987

본 연구는 열교환기의 설치 및 사용목적에 따라 전열관내유동이 경사류가 될 때 특히 자연순환(2*$10^{6}$＜Gr＜15*$10^{6}$)의 경우와 강제순환(3,000＜Re＜ 40,000)의 경우에 대해서 열전달특성과 유동마찰에 의한 손질을 규명하는데 있다. 사용되는 관은 평골관과 ribbed관이며 관경사각을 수평면에 대하여 0˚,22.5˚,45˚, 90˚로 변화시켰다.

• 한국전산유체공학회지
• /
• 제16권4호
• /
• pp.64-71
• /
• 2011

Cerebral aneurysm mostly occurs at a bifurcation of the circle of Willis. When the cerebral aneurysm is ruptured, a disease like subarachnoid hemorrhage and stroke is caused and this can be even deadly for patients. Generally it is known that causes of the intracranial aneurysm are a congenital deformity of the artery and pressure or shear stress from the blood flow. A blood flow pattern and the geometry of the blood vessel are important factors for the aneurysm formation. Research for several hemodynamic indices has been performed and these indices can be used for the prediction of aneurysm initiation and rupture. Therefore, the numerical analysis was performed for hemodynamic characteristics of the blood flow through the cerebral artery applying the various bifurcation angle and flow rate ratio. We analyze the flow characteristics using indices from the results of the numerical simulation. In addition, to investigate the flow pattern in the aneurysm according to the bifurcation angle and the flow rate ratio, we performed the numerical simulation on the supposition that the aneurysm occurs.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
• /
• 제20권2호
• /
• pp.151-160
• /
• 2009

Natural gas combustion characteristics of mass produced oxygen carrier particles were investigated in a batch type bubbling fluidized bed reactor. Five particles, NiO/bentonite, OCN601-650, OCN702-1100, OCN703-950, OCN703-1100 were used as oxygen carrier particles. Natural gas and air were used as reactants for reduction and oxidation, respectively. During reduction reaction, high fuel conversion and high $CO_2$ selectivity were achieved for most of oxygen carriers. During oxidation, NO emission was very low. These results indicate that inherent $CO_2$ separation and low NOx combustion are feasible for the natural gas fueled chemical-looping combustion system. Among the five oxygen carriers, OCN703-1100 particle was selected as the best candidate for demonstration of long-term operation in large-scale chemical-looping combustor from the viewpoints of fuel conversion, $CO_2$ selectivity, $CH_4$ concentration, and CO concentration.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
• /
• 제29권1호
• /
• pp.90-96
• /
• 2018

Reaction characteristics and kinetics of a oxygen carrier (OCN717-R1SU) for chemical looping combustion (CLC) have been investigated using TGA by changing gas concentration (10-30 vol.% $CH_4$) and reaction temperature ($825-900^{\circ}C$). Reaction rate of OCN717-R1SU increased as temperature increased and it was found that reaction is delayed at the initial reaction regime. Johnson-Mehl-Avrami (JMA) model was adopted to explain the reaction phenomenon. The activation energy (E) determined by JMA model in reduction reaction of OCN717-R1SU is $151.7{\pm}2.03kJ/mol$ and pre-exponential factor and JMA exponent were also obtained. The parameters calculated in this study will be applied in design of the reactor and operation conditions for CLC process.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
• /
• 제29권4호
• /
• pp.393-400
• /
• 2018

To confirm the operating range of two oxygen carriers for chemical looping combustion system, the effects of operating variables on solid circulation rate were measured and discussed using a two-interconnected circulating fluidized bed system at ambient temperature and pressure. Moreover, suitable operating ranges to avoid choking of the fast fluidized bed (air reactor) were confirmed for two oxygen carriers. A continuous long-term operation of steady-state solid circulation more than 24 hours was also demonstrated within the operating windows. Finally we could confirm that those two oxygen carriers are suitable for chemical looping combustion system with high solid circulation rate and smooth solid circulation.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
• /
• 제15권3호
• /
• pp.208-219
• /
• 2004

To find a suitable oxygen carrier particle for a 50kW chemical-looping combustor, which was designed and installed to demonstrate continuous oxidation and reduction, three oxygen carrier particles(NiO/bentonite, $NiO/NiAl_2O_4$, $CoO_x/CoAl_2O_4$) were prepared. The reactivity and the attrition resistance of particles were measured and investigated by a thermo-gravimetrical analyzer and an attrition test apparatus respectively. From the viewpoints of oxygen transfer capacity, optimum reaction temperature(operating temperature range), reaction rate, carbon deposition rate, and attrition resistance, NiO/bentonite particle showed better performance than the other particles, therefore we selected NiO/bentonite particle as an optimum oxygen carrier particle.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
• /
• 제27권4호
• /
• pp.404-411
• /
• 2016

To select appropriate oxygen carrier candidates for chemical looping combustion, reduction characteristics of seven oxygen carriers were measured and discussed using three different reduction gases, such as $H_2$, CO, and $CH_4$. Moreover, attrition losses of those oxygen carriers also measured and compared. Among seven oxygen carrier particles, OCN703-1100 and NiO/bentonite particles showed higher oxygen transfer capacity than other particles, but these particles showed more attrition loss than other particles. C14 and C28 particles which used as cheap oxygen carriers in European country showed lower oxygen transfer capacity and less attrition loss. Based on the experimental results, we could select OCN717-R1SU, NC001, and N002 particles as candidates for future works because these oxygen carriers showed enough oxygen transfer capacity and good attrition resistance.