• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.37 no.9
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• pp.706-711
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• 2010

In the applications of a human speech interface, reducing the error rate in recognition is the one of the main research issues. Many previous studies attempted to correct errors using post-processing, which is dependent on a manually constructed corpus and correction patterns. We propose an automatically learnable post-processing method that is independent of the characteristics of both the domain and the speech recognizer. We divide the entire post-processing task into two steps: error detection and error correction. We consider the error detection step as a classification problem for which we apply the conditional random fields (CRFs) classifier. Furthermore, we apply transformation-based learning (TBL) to the error correction step. Our experimental results indicate that the proposed method corrects a speech recognizer's insertion, deletion, and substitution errors by 25.85%, 3.57%, and 7.42%, respectively.

• Journal of Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Waste Technology(JNFCWT)
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.193-200
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• 2005

[ $^{14}C$ ] and $^{3}H$ in the evaporator bottom (EB) discharged from the Nuclear power plant (NPP) were extracted simultaneously into a gaseous $^{14}CO_{2}$ and liquefied HTO by using the chemical oxidation, which is the method to oxidize samples completely using potassium persulfate and sulfuric acid. The extracted $^{14}C$ and $^{3}H$ were counted by the liquid scintillation counter (LSC) after the quench correction. To examine the recovery of $^{14}C$ using the radioactive standards, $Na_{2}^{14}CO_{3}$, $^{14}C-alcohol$, and $^{14}C-toluene$ as $^{14}C$, and HTO as $^{3}H$ were used. Also, the most suitable method for oxidizing $^{14}C-toluene$, which is difficult to be oxidized, was investigated through FT-IR spectra according to the concentration of sulfuric acid. With the identical method, $^{14}C$ and $^{3}H$ in the EB generated in the NPP were assayed in the range of $8.35{\sim}l.38{\times}10^3$ Bq/g and $2.46{\times}10^2{\sim}1.40{\times}10^4$ Bq/g, respectively.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.10D no.7
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• pp.1171-1176
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• 2003

In this paper, we propose an effective bar code detection algorithm using the feature analysis and the labeling. After computing the direction of pixels using four line operators, we obtain the histogram about the direction of pixels by a block unit. We calculate the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the histogram and consider the block that have the largest difference value as the block of the bar code region. We get the line passing by the bar code region with the selected block but detect blocks of interest to get the more accurate line. The largest difference value is used to decide the threshold value to obtain the binary image. After obtaining a binary image, we do the labeling about the binary image. Therefore, we find blocks of interest in the bar code region. We calculate the gradient and the center of the bar code with blocks of interest, and then get the line passing by the bar code and detect the bar code. As we obtain the gray level of the line passing by the bar code, we grasp the information of the bar code.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.429-434
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• 2019

A lateral flow immunoassay platform utilizing antibody functionalized water soluble CdSe/ZnS semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) was developed for the analysis of human serum amyloid A-1 (hSAA1) in a buffer solution. hSAA1 was chosen as a target protein because it is regarded as a potential biomarker associated with early diagnosis and prognosis in patients of lung cancer. The immunoassay strip on a nitrocellulose membrane was fabricated by spraying two lines composed of a test line with a monoclonal antibody against hSAA1 (10G1) (anti hSAA1) and a control line of anti-chicken IgY. While the CdSe/ZnS QDs synthesized in an organic phase were transferred to a water phase by ligand exchange using carboxylic acid modified alkane thiol. The QDs was then conjugated to monoclonal antibody against hSAA1 (14F8) [anti hSAA1 (14F8)] and used as a fluorescent detection probe. The sequential lateral flow of hSAA1 in different concentration and QDs-anti hSAA1 (14F8) complex allowed to form the surface sandwich complex of anti hSAA1 (10G1)/hSAA1/QD-anti hSAA1 (14F8), which was then analyzed using fluorescence microscope. A 100 nM concentration of hSAA1 protein can be detected by naked eyes under an optimized lateral flow buffer condition with a sensing time of 5 mins.

• Proceedings of the Materials Research Society of Korea Conference
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• 2003.03a
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• pp.224-224
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• 2003

광통신을 위한 구성 요소는 빛을 발생시키는 발광소자, 빛을 검출하는 수광소자 그리고 광신호를 처리하는 광신호처리 소자로 구성된다. 이때 각 소자간 광전송과 광소자에 의한 광 신호 처리 과정에서 광전송 손실이 심각하게 일어나 광정보를 상실하게 되므로 각 요소별로 광신호 증폭이 반드시 필요하다. 뿐만 아니라 완전 광화에 의한 초고속/대용량 광통신망의 구축에는 저가이며, 광집적화가 가능한 광도파로형 광증폭기가 요구되고 있다. 짧은 거리에 높은 증폭 효율을 얻기 위한 광도파로형 광증폭기를 구현하기 위해서는 광통신 파장대인 1.55$\mu\textrm{m}$ 대역의 증폭이 가능한 Er 이온을 고농도로 도핑 할 필요가 있다. 그러나 Er 이온을 단순히 고농도로 첨가하면 Er-Er 간 뭉침 현상에 의해 더 이상의 증폭이 어렵게 된다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 문제를 해결하면서 스핀 코팅이 가능하여 저가 공정이 가능한 유/무기 졸-겔 재료 내에 Er 이온을 제어된 방법으로 첨가하고 그 결합 환경을 FT-IR 및 $^{17}$ O-NMR로 분석하였다. 유/무기 졸겔 재료 제조를 위하여 먼저 MPTS(MethAcryoxyPropylTrimethoxySilane)를 부분 가수분해한 후 ZrOCl$_2$.8$_2$O (Zirconyl Chloride Octahydrate) 와 ErCl$_3$. 6$H_2O$ (Erbium(III) Chloride Hexahydrate)를 순차적으로 결합시키고, Zr/MPTS 및 Zr/Er의 첨가비에 따른 발광 특성을 PL(photoluminescence) 스팩트럼으로 분석하여 Er 이온의 주위 결합 환경이 PL에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 또한 Si 기판에 코팅한 Er이 도핑된 유/무기 하이브리드 졸-겔 코팅막의 굴절율 등 광도파로 재료로서의 특성도 프리즘 커플러 등을 이용하여 조사하였다.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.1-7
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• 2014

This paper describes the implementation of high speed comparator for the ATE (automatic test equipment) system. The comparator block is composed of continuous comparator, differential difference amplifier(DDA) and output stage. For the wide input dynamic range of 0V to 5V, and for the high speed operation (1~800MHz), high speed rail-to-rail amplifier is used in the first stage. And hysteresis circuits, pre-amp and latch are followed for high speed operation. To measure the difference of output signals between the two devices under test (DUTs), a DDA is applied because it can detect the differences of both common signals and differential signals. This comparator chip was implemented with $0.18{\mu}m$ BCDMOS process and can compare the signal difference of 5mV up to the frequency range of 800 MHz. The chip area of the comparator is $620{\mu}m{\times}830{\mu}m$.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.258-263
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• 2017

This paper analyzed GNSS signal acquisition performance of a regional navigation receiver when an interference cancellation capability is applied. Intereference between the regional navigation and GNSS signal can be mitigated by the interference cancellation technique such as the successive interference cancellation (SIC) algorithm. However signal acquisition performance will be degraded when jamming-to-signal ratio (J/S) is large due to a cross-correlation properties of residual signals. In this paper we analyzed signal acquisition performance degradation due to the interference between the Kasami and GNSS Gold code signal. Monte Carlo simulation is used for the analysis and compared results with those of GNSS Gold code only condition.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.39 no.11
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• pp.7-13
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• 2002

BSCT 320${\times}$240 IRFPA detector module is implemented, which is a key component in uncooled thermal imaging systems. The detector module consists of two parts, infrared sensitive pixel array and read-out integrated circuit(ROIC). The BSCT 320${\times}$240 pixels are made by laser scribe process and 10-${\mu}m$ micro-bump to satisfy 50-${\mu}m$ pitch and 95-% fill-factor. The ROIC has been designed to electrically address the pixels sequentailly and to improve signal-to-noise ratio with single transistor amplifier, HPF, tunable LPF and clamp circuit. The fabricated hybrid chip of detector and ROIC has been mounted on the TEC built-in ceramic package for more stable operation and tested for lots of electrical and optical properties. The IRFA sample has shown successful properties and met with good results of fill-factor, detectivity and responsivity.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.494-499
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• 2007

In this paper we realized a system, if a user selects the area of the important parts or the arrangement parts when he reads the books or the papers, which amends, stores and readjusts the characters that are included in the selected area by outputting the characters to the word processor in sequence. If a user selects what he wishes lot with his finger, the system detects the movement of the finger by applying the hand recognition algorithm and recognizes the selected area. The system converts the distance of the width and the length of the selected area to the number of the pulse, and controls the motor to move the camera at the position. After the system scales up/down the zoom to be able to recognize the character and controls the focus to the regulated zoom closely, it controls the focus in detail to get more distinct image by using the difference of the light and darkness. We realize the recognition and editing support system of korean language that converts the obtained images to the document by applying the character recognition algorithm and arrange the important parts.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.1489-1497
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• 2018

Web application services have diversified. At the same time, research on intrusion detection is continuing due to the surge of cyber threats. Also, As a single-defense system evolves into multi-level security, we are responding to specific intrusions by correlating security events that have become vast. However, it is difficult to check the OS, service, web application type and version of the target system in real time, and intrusion detection events occurring in network-based security devices can not confirm vulnerability of the target system and success of the attack A blind spot can occur for threats that are not analyzed for problems and associativity. In this paper, we propose the validation of effectiveness for intrusion detection events using TF-IDF. The proposed scheme extracts the response traffics by mapping the response of the target system corresponding to the attack. Then, Response traffics are divided into lines and weights each line with an TF-IDF weight. we checked the valid intrusion detection events by sequentially examining the lines with high weights.