• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
• /
• v.14 no.1_4
• /
• pp.25-36
• /
• 2007

The results of researching on duties of physical therapist, understanding of elderly diseases and policies related with elderly welfare came out from the survey before beginning of education to physical therapists who attended National Elderly Welfare Physical Therapist Workshop during Sep. 11th to 14th, 2007. They have already understood about long-term elderly care insurance from the policy, and responded that those policies will bring more advantage to elders. On contrary, negative response had reason of low service quality. About elderly care system, there were positive answer of appropriate alternatives to support them, but also other critics had opinion of inevitable choice for living conservation. About understanding of elderly diseases, there were more comprehension of diseases as age gets higher, but most did not understand dementia and paralysis. Past experience and process of medical treatment for their disease were such arthritis, paralysis, broken bone, and dislocation of joint. Prognosis of technical training was mostly answered positively, but linking with other related disease programs were not welcomed. Most respondents thought that professional training were needed. The results of understanding diseases during senescent had high percentage of understanding as age and education was high, and it had eye upon statistics of the survey (p < 0.05) Most of those questioned responded that it is appropriate to have six working days per week and eight hours of daily work, however, present wage is not reasonable. Most of those questioned had negative response of work independence, and had an-swered that there should be certificates needed in related fields. For difficulties during work period, they had hardship instituting direction of treatment by lack of program, level of wage, and physical difficulties. Physical therapists averagely wished to have fewer than thirty patients per therapist. After the research, physical therapists who work in those facilities of elderly care systems agreed on policies, though it should not lower service quality. In addition, they were pros to have elderly care system, yet they are still inevitable option to maintain living. For work environment, the period of work was appropriate, but had different opinions for work independence and regular number of patients. Therefore, there should be more organized treatment program that also should be linked to other practical programs at this beginning point of the policy enforcement and the time that many therapists hope to work in elderly care system.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
• /
• v.4 no.8
• /
• pp.934-944
• /
• 1994

Effects of residual chloride on thermal decomposition behaviour of a-stannic acid and physical properties of $SnO_{2}$ powder were observed. The powder was fabricated by hydroxide method; $\alpha$-stannic acid was precipitated by mixing acqueous solutions of $SnCl_{4}$ and $NH_{4}$OH . The precipitate was washed with $NH_{4}NO_{3}$ solution while washing was controlled to be of three grades to modify its residual chloride content. The precipitate was dried at $1100^{\circ}C$ ~ 24h and calcined in air at $500^{\circ}C$ ~ $1100^{\circ}C$ for one hour. Thermal decomposition behaviour of $\alpha$-stannic acid was examined by a DT-TGA and a FTIR. Chemical composition and physical properties of $SnO_{2}$ powder were observed by an AES, a BET and a TEM, respectively. With a reduction in chloride content, the relative crystallite size of $SnO_{2}$ powder slightly increased by a low-temperature-calcining. However, at a high calcining temperature(T), the reverse relation occured. It was suggested that chloride ion replaces part of lattice oxygen site of a-stannic acid. Also, chloride ion on the site was suggested to retard de-hydration as well as crystalization at a low T while to promote crystal growth of $SnO_{2}$ by forming oxygen vacancy at a high T.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
• /
• v.7 no.2
• /
• pp.114-120
• /
• 1997

Perovskite $BaTiO_3$ thin films on stainless steel substrate were prepared by using electrochemical reduction method in solution of $TiCl_4\;and\;Ba(N0_3)_2$. According to current density and electrolysis time. the morphology and thickness of film were varied. Ra/'Ti atomic ratio in $BaTiO_3$ film was controlled by Ha/Ti atomic ratio in solution. Although the excess $TiO_2{\cdot}nH_2O$ film was coated in initial stage of electrolysis. UiilTi atomic ratio in film was nearly constant in later stage. $BaTiO_3$ film precursor was obtained under the condition of $1OmA/cm^2$ current density and Smin electrolysis time. $BaTiO_2$ thin films with perovskite phase were formed 11,. the heat treatment above $500^{\circ}$.

• Management & Information Systems Review
• /
• v.29 no.4
• /
• pp.1-22
• /
• 2010

There have been arguments in Korea that fair value accounting system improves quality of accounting information through the asset revaluation. These arguments are based on the fact that investors prefer fair value to cost value information. Others argue that cost principles may offer more proper information to the investors because financial statements applied the cost principles are more objective and thus more reliable. Prior researches focused mainly on the motives of asset revaluation but I examined the effects of the tangible asset revaluation on the stock prices. The empirical findings indicate that : (1) the gains on the tangible asset revaluation are positively correlated with the stock prices; (2) the net book values applied the cost principles explain stock prices better than the net book values applied fair values. My findings suggest that the gains on the tangible asset revaluation constitute a part of the firms' values but the accounting informations measured fair value are not always useful to the investors in the capital market.

• Korean Journal of Child Education & Care
• /
• v.18 no.3
• /
• pp.179-189
• /
• 2018

Objective: This study composed a melody program through handbells, and applied it to the mixed-age edu-care children. Methods: This study implemented a handbell melody program suitable for children's interest and development characteristics, based on Nuri Curriculum, to 15 mixed-aged edu-care children aged 3 to 4 at C Kindergarten located in Seoul for 12 weeks (once a week) from October 2015. Results: The program consisted of the origin of handbell, promises to keep in playing the handbell, partial literary introduction, and musical note activities using teaching aids or games in an integrated way with other areas. Through the program, dynamic class could be carried out with mutual leading participation of a teacher and children. Consequently, children aged 3 to 4 could easily encounter playing the handbell, being interested in playing, and showed cooperative spirit and society-friendly behaviors. The mixed age edu-care teacher felt pleasure and achievement of challenge by performing the class herself, which had depended upon extracurricular activities. Conclusion/Implications: A further study as action research for edu-care teachers, focused on change of edu-care teachers themselves, is proposed.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
• /
• v.8 no.1
• /
• pp.73-83
• /
• 2002

To identify the effects of preceptorship on teaching effectiveness at clinical nursing education, a group of nursing students who participate in program under the instruction of the preceptors was compared with the other group of nursing students trained by head nurses.The data were collected from 14 Mary. 2001 to 8 June 2001. The subjects of this study were 85 nursing students trained by the preceptors in the G. medical college hospital in Inchon, and 122 nursing students trained by head nurses at several hospitals in Inchon and Puchon, Korea. The scale for measuring the teaching effectiveness and satisfaction of student for clinical practice developed by Kim, Miae and Lee, Sookja were employed as the tool for the study. The data collected were analysed with SPSS on the teaching effectiveness items, then mean value and SD were evaluated. The t-test were also employed to compare the teaching effectiveness and satisfaction of student for clinical practice of the both groups. The relation of teaching effectives and satisfaction of student for clinical practice were analysed with Pearson's correlation coefficient. The following findings were carried out from this study. 1) The group trained by preceptors showed significant higher teaching effectiveness statistically than the group trained by head nurses, scored mean value of 3.46 and 3.04 respectively in the item of teaching effectiveness. 2) The respective item showing high score of teaching effectiveness in both groups was 'smooth and reasonable dealing on the issues occurred in the wards'. But the items of 'help nursing students to familiarize with other staffs quickly'and 'help always at near' showed low scores. 3) For 5 causal factors classified on the teaching effectiveness, the factor of 'professional knowledge and capability' got the highest score, but 'availability as a supporter' showed the lowest score in both groups. 4) The group trained by preceptors showed significant higher students' satisfaction of clinical practice than the group trained by head nurses, scored mean value of 3.54 and 3.17. 5) Total teaching effectives were posive correlation with students' satisfaction of clinical practice significantly (r=0.603)

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
• /
• v.16 no.4
• /
• pp.343-348
• /
• 2014

We developed a simple model to predict emergence time and emergence rate of southern type garlic using the daily mean temperature. Emergence rate of garlic was decreased and emergence time was delayed on higher temperature than optimum temperature of $12.7^{\circ}C$. In the model, firstly daily emergence rate was calculated using a beta function to input daily mean temperature, then the percentage of garlic emergence was calculated using a nonlinear model with accumulated emergence rate. The model was good to describe the experimental data of growth cabinet. Also it can explain well the experimental data using temperature gradient tunnel, designed for verification of model performance. But there are 5 days of deviation between estimated and measured time of garlic emergence on the field experiment. More research is needed to develop an advanced model considering other factors, such as soil moisture.

• Journal of the Korean School Mathematics Society
• /
• v.20 no.4
• /
• pp.521-536
• /
• 2017

One of difficulties with which teachers meet is to have underachievers with no willingness and motivation for study involved in class. Mathematics underachiever are average or above average in their intelligence but their actual achievement in mathematics did not coincide to their intellectual capabilities. The teaching strategy for them is to motivate them to try to study mathematics and to experience the improvement in their mathematics grade. In this paper, we choose flipped classroom as the strategy of teaching basic mathematics to math underachievers and applied it to them. Then we wanted to make sure the possibility for applying flipped classroom to teaching math underachievers through the analysis of change in the scholastic achievement of students in mathematics and mathematical disposition. The results of this study are as followings; First, when we taught basic math to underachievers using a flipped classroom, we confirm that math underachievers with active participation improved scholastic achievements significantly. Second, the flipped classroom was led to positive effects in an affective domain. In particular, it showed the most noticeable change in the area of willingness to math problem-solving and perception about the value of mathematics.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
• /
• v.6 no.2
• /
• pp.139-149
• /
• 2001

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of obesity on the satisfaction with school lunches and school lunch leftovers of elementary school children in the Kyeonggi area. The study was carried out on 235 children(male : 111, female :124) in December of 2000. The results are summarized as follows. A Rohrer index was used to define obesity. The proportions of severe underweight, underweight, normal, overweight, and obese were 0.9%, 16.6%, 57.9%,17.0%, and 7.7% respectively. For the data analysis, the subjects were divided into 3 groups : an underweight group(Rohrer index 109 including severe underweight), a normal group(Rohrer index 110-140), and an obese group(Rohrer index 141 including overweight). With regard to the satisfaction with school lunches, the proportions of children who were satisfied, neutral, and unsatisfied were 27.2%, 59.6% and 13.2% respectively. The proportion of the satisfaction with school lunches was significantly higher in the male group than in the female group(p〈0.05), and the proportion of the dissatisfaction with school lunches was significantly increased with obesity index(p〈0.05). The largest proportion of children who were satisfied with school lunches answered they felt hungry(56.3%) and the food tasted good(42.2%). Children sho were not satisfied with school lunches answered that the food was not tasty(93.5%), they did not have ant appetite(9.7%), and others. The children not finishing school lunches(leftovers) occasionally or always were 47.7% of the subjects. The behavior of leaving lunch foods was not significantly related to the gender or the frequency of eating snacks, wile it was positively related with dissatisfaction with school lunches(p〈0.01), obesity index(p〈0.05), and the decreased frequency of eating meals per day(p〈0.01). The reasons of school lunch leftovers were food dislikes(67.9%), excess of quantity(39.3%), tastelessness(31.3%), poor appetite(13.4%), and other. The children eating meals twice, 3 times, and 4 times per day were 18.7%, 74.9%, and 6.4% of the subjects respectively. The proportions of the obese and the satisfaction with school lunches were not changed significantly according to the frequency of eating meals, while the proportion of children leaving school lunches was significantly higher in the group of eating meals twice per day than in the other groups(p〈0.01). The frequency of eating snacks was not related to the obesity index, the proportion of school lunch leftovers, or the frequency of eating meals, while the proportion of satisfaction with school lunches was significantly higher in the group of eating snacks 1-2 times per day than in the other groups(p〈0.01). In conclusion, it is necessary to have children enjoy school lunches with efforts to improve the food´s taste in the school food services and to reexamine the serving sizes for the children, in addition to the nutrition education for the children to eat a variety of foods.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
• /
• v.19 no.1 s.43
• /
• pp.115-131
• /
• 2007

Philosophical and social backgrounds and inquiring into new direction of Practical Arts and Home Economics Education is done through this paper. The overall review of the related documents, records, books has been done, and research findings are presented as follows; Thought(Educational theory and Philosophy) for Korean Practical Arts Education is based on Learning to Labor, Practical Science and Pragmatism. Korean curriculum for Home Economics were originated in Confucianism background, which stressed the importance of different gender roles for men and women. However, Korean Home Economics based on Home Economics Subject Matter has been developed without philosophical base unlike that of American Pragmatism and Critical Theory. Therefore, scientific recognition in a section of value recognition was separated and developed so far. Thus, we could not answer to social missions about keeping values of life corresponding with changing environment I also observed the analysis of revision curriculum of the mentioned subject, and the changes of concepts of Work and Prasix, necessity of Home Economics Education for fixing about a basic life education and a basic life skill, and reinforcement of the function in Home. And then, new directions is proposed that the role of Home Economics Education in school be reinforced for the upcoming low birth rate and the aging society(high proportion of the aged people). Because Characters on correct values of children and youths might be nurtured in home foremost.