• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.31 no.3 s.86
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• pp.369-379
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• 2001

The aim of this study was to investigate the periodontal response according to the timing of orthodontic force application after bone graft into the angular bony defect. Nine dogs were divided into three groups, 2, 4, and 6 weeks, according to the timing of orthodontic force application after bone graft. Periodontal angular bony defects were created surgically at the distal aspect of both maxillary third incisors. Two weeks later, flap operation was performed to eliminate inflammation and reference notch was made on the root surface at the level of the bottom of each defect. Demineralized freeze-dried bone was implanted on the left side whereas only debridement was done on the other side. Experimental tooth movement was executed during 8 weeks on both graft and non-graft sides. After 2 weeks of retention period, animals were sacrificed for histologic specimens. The results were obtained as follows 1 New bone formation was more pronounced in the graft side than in the non-grad side in all experimental animals. 2. In the 6-week group, new bone and cementum formation was observed in more than half from the notch to the cemento-enamel junction, and the zone of connective tissue attachment was found without apical migration of junctional epithelium. 3. In the 4-week group, the amount of new bone formation was smaller than in the 6-week group whereas the overall remodeling pattern was similar. 4. New bone formation was confined to around the notch and the junctional epithelium migrated apically to the level of the notch with no connective tissue attachment and cementum formation in the 2-week group. The results of the present study suggest that periodontal response may be influenced by the timing of orthodontic force application after bone graft into angular bony defect.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Esthetic Dentistry
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.47-55
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• 2013

There have been a great number of developments in clinical techniques and dental materials in dentistry to date. Looking at these developments, while it could be seen that functional elements such as mastication were prioritized rather than aesthetic aspect in the past, aesthetic needs of patients have steadily increased over time and accordingly the aesthetic has become considered a priority in the development of dentistry. Although the first to be considered in discussing the aesthetic in clinical dentistry will be the white aesthetic that is the tooth part of prosthesis, the pink aesthetic that refers to the harmony of such prosthesis with gingiva can be an important consideration not to be ignored aesthetically. However, the harmony with the gingiva often cannot be obtained only by the beautiful prosthesis, and in particular, the pontic and implant areas have poor conditions to achieve the gingival (pink) aesthetic due to the absorption of alveolar ridge compared to natural teeth. Among the most important elements of the gingival aesthetic are the gingival level and the interproximal papilla height. It is very difficult to make the gingival aesthetic in the case of insufficient alveolar ridge, and the recovery of ridge volume and contour is necessary in order to overcome this condition. To this end, the most widely used method is the "connective tissue graft". Many techniques of the connective tissue graft have already been introduced for the ridge augmentation, and each technique has different purposes, and advantages and disadvantages. Rather, due to the excessive amount of techniques, there is confusion about selecting the right technique at a certain time. However, the goal is clear. Ways to increase the success rates must be found, and at the same time, a more favorable way to the gingival aesthetic is to be chosen. Thus, in this study, considerations for the gingival aesthetic that makes harmony and the techniques to achieve it are discussed.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.391-398
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• 2011

The infraocclusion usually occurs in the mixed-dentition stage, and it is commonly accepted that the cause of the infraocclusion is ankylosis. The treatment options for patient with infraocclusion of primary molars are observation, restoration or surgical removal of the affected teeth. If the successors are present, most of the infraoccluded and ankylosed primary molars may occur normally. However, when the permanent successors are absent and the progression of infraocclusion is found, affected teeth may need to be extracted. In the case of infraocclusion which can cause vertical alveolar defect due to ankylosis, extraction before growth spurt should be performed for the future prosthetic treatment. A six-year-old female had the ankylosis and infraocclusion of multiple primary molars and congenital missing of premolars. The affected primary molars were extracted before growth spurt to avoid a significant vertical ridge defect and to promote the vertical development of alveolar bone, and the result was observed for many years. The purpose of this report is to report the management of multiple infraoccluded primary molars without permanent successors in a young patient.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.51 no.4
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• pp.307-314
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• 2013

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of immobilization of the recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2 (rhBMP-2) on anodized titaum implants coated with heparin to enhance the vertical alveolar ridge augmentation in the supraalveolar peri-implant defect region. Materials and methods: 18 pure titanium implants (7.0 mm in length, 3.5 mm in diameter) were manufactured for this study. All implants were anodized and designed insertion reference line marked with laser at the apical 2.5 mm from the fixture platform. Implantation of 6 noncoated anodized implants (Control group), 6 anodized implants physically adsorbed with rhBMP-2 by dip and dry method (BMP group) and 6 anodized implants chemically immobilized 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA)-heparin/ rhBMP-2 (Hep-BMP group) was performed in the both mandibular of three male adult beagle dogs using split-mouth design. Radiologic examinations were performed immediately after implant placement and 4 and 8 weeks after implant placement. The amount of mesio-distal bone augmentation was evaluated by measuring the vertical distance from the platform to the marginal bone. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way analysis of variance (SPSS version 18.0) and multiple comparison analysis of The Kruskal-Wallis test and the Mann-Whitney U test. Statistical significance was established at the 5% significant level. Results: At the 4 weeks vertical alveolar ridge augmentation of Control group, BMP group and Hep-BMP group is $0.09{\pm}0.22mm$, $1.02{\pm}0.72mm$, and $1.29{\pm}0.51mm$, At the 8 weeks $0.11{\pm}1.26mm$, $1.11{\pm}0.58mm$, $1.59{\pm}0.79mm$ according to radiographic observations. The two experimental groups showed a significantly increasing in vertical bone height compared with the control group (P<.05). However, there is no significant difference between the BMP group and Hep-BMP group (P>.05). Conclusion: The rhBMP-2 coated implants were enhanced the vertical bone growth in the supraalveolar peri-implant defect area. However, there is no significant difference between chemically and physically coating method.

• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.191-198
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• 2019

This case report presents a closed hollow bulb obturator made by 3D printing for a maxillectomy patient. Final impression was taken according to the instructions and impression trays provided by the Magic $denture^{TM}$ system. Vertical dimension, facial appearance, and retention had been checked with the try-in denture. The try-in denture was corrected and adjusted to fulfill the demand of the patients, then these were reflected to the final design of the denture. The defect area was designed as a closed hollow bulb shape to reduce the weight and to provide uniform thickness of the denture. The patient satisfied with the esthetics and function of the denture.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.111-121
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• 2010

Purpose: This 3D-FEA study was performed to investigate the influence of marginal bone loss pattern around the implant to the stress distribution. Material and methods: From the right second premolar to the right second molar of the mandible was modeled according to the CT data of a dentate patient. Teeth were removed and an implant ($\Phi\;4.0{\times}10.0mm$) was placed in the first molar area. Twelve bone models were created; Studied bone loss conditions were horizontal bone loss and vertical bone loss, assumed bone loss patterns during biologic width formation, and pathologic vertical bone loss with or without cortification. Axial, buccolingual, and oblique force was applied independently to the center of the implant crown. The Maximum von Mises stress value and stress contour was observed and von Mises stresses at the measuring points were recorded. Results: The stress distribution patterns were similar in the non-resorption and horizontal resorption models, but differed from those in the vertical resorption models. Models assuming biologic width formation showed altered stress distribution, and weak bone to implant at the implant neck area seams accelerates stress generation. In case of vertical bone resorption, contact of cortical bone to the implant may positively affect the stress distribution.

• Korean Journal of Cleft Lip And Palate
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.117-122
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• 2002

성장기 환자에서의 각 부위별 임플란트 식려 시기를 요약해보면 다음과 같다. 1) 상악전방부 : 외상이나 선천적 결손을 해결하는 방법으로 임플란트를 사용하는 술식이 권장하지만 성장이 완료되지 않았기 때문에 야기되는 문제를 해결하기 위해 성장이 완료될 때까지 연기하는 것이 좋다. 2)상악 후방부: 수직적인 성장량이 최고 1cm까지 일어날 수 있으면 상악동의 흡수로 조기에 임플란트 침강과 치근부의 노출을 야기할 수 있다. 그리고 동시에 보철에 의한 구개열의 횡적인 성장방해를 피해야한다. 3) 하악 전방부 : 무치증 아이에서 임플란트의 조기식립이 적응증이 되는 유일한 곳으로 치아가 없을 때는 치조골의 성장이 최소이며 초기에 횡적, 후방 성장이 대부분 완료된다. 그러나 단일 임플란트 식립은 권장되지 않는다. 4)하악후방부: 늦게까지 성장변화가 지속되기 때문에 전후방, 횡적, 수직적 성장의 많은 양이 일어난다. 하악의 회전성장의 영향을 많이 받아 하악 무치악에서 조기 임플란트 사용한 보고도 적고. 자연치아에 인접하여 임플란트를 식립한 기록은 있으나 골격성장이 완료될 때 까지는 식립하지 않는 것이 좋다.

• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.437-447
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• 2011

In patients who used removable partial dentures for a long period of time, gradual alveolar bone resorption occurs in edentulous area. However, in residual teeth area, alveolar bone is maintained sound. This causes an imbalance in intermaxillary distance between a maxillae and a mandible which is intensified due to expansion in vertical and horizontal bone amount difference between the two area as time passes. As the result, this shows a substantial difference in vertical position according to the period of teeth loss even after residual teeth loss. As in this situation, a patient with bilaterally and anterio-posteriorly different intermaxillary distance, various prosthodontic problems can be caused in fixed implant prosthodontics and implant overdenture. This study shows a case in which implant-supported removable partial denture was fabricated considering residual alveolar bone height after teeth loss in a patient who had been using a distal extension removable partial denture for a long period of time. In anterior area with short intermaxillary distance, fixed prosthodontics were fabricated with implant placement and in posterior area with long intermaxillary distance, a removable partial denture was fabricated. Finally, a small number of implants were placed without additional surgery and economical and comfortable treatment results were shown.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.28 no.3 s.68
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• pp.431-440
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• 1998

While periodontal disease results in the extrusion of upper incisors with interdental spacing in adult patient, the intrusive movement should be executed for the rehabilitation in terms of esthetics and function. The present study was peformed to investigate the periodontal response following orthodontic intrusion of teeth with infrabony pocket. Bone defect and periodontal disease were produced adjacent to the both maxillary second lateral incisors in four adult dogs. Four weeks later, a flap operation was performed to eliminate inflammation and a reference notch was made on the root surface at the level of bottom of each defect. Two weeks after periodontal surgery, 4 weeks of intrusion and subsequent another 4 weeks of retention was executed on the right side of incisors while left incisors served as the control. Through the histologic analysis, following results were obtained. 1. Histologic section of control side showed the reduction of pocket depth after flap operation. However, the status of long junctional epithelium was observed while new connective tissue attachment occurred in a small area adjacent newly formed cementum 2. Epithelial attachment was less around the intruded incisor while new connective tissue attachment was much more compared to the control side. 3. Plenty of cells were observed in the connective tissue around the reference notch of the intruded incisor and the degree of the new cementum formation was higher in the intruded incisor than the control. The results of the present study suggested that an orthodontic intrusion of periodontally involved and extruded incisors could be carried out with a desirable periodontal response, provided that inflammation is under control.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.54 no.2
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• pp.152-159
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• 2016

Implant fixed prosthesis for the complete edentulous maxilla provides significant benefits in the aspects of functions and esthetics compared with the conventional denture. Implant supported fixed prosthesis are totally supported by implant, and thus stabilizes the prosthesis to the maximum degree as possible. Also, the improved retention and stability of fixed prosthesis enhance patients' psychological and psychosocial health. This clinical presentation describes a maxillary full arch implant-supported fixed prosthesis in complete maxillary edentulous patient who showed vertical and horizontal alveolar bone resorption in the anterior ridge. To rehabilitate the esthetics and proper lip support, the zirconia framework was fabricated and the pink porcelain was veneered to reproduce the natural gingival tissue. After 9 months of follow up, the restorations were maintained without complications and the patient was satisfied with the restoration both functionally and esthetically.