• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers Conference
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• 2010.11a
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• pp.797-799
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• 2010

In preparation of NBD dimer, one of the industrially useful multicyclic hydrocarbon compound, various catalyst, solvent and byproducts were included in reaction product at the end of dimerization reaction. In order to increase the yield of NBD dimer mixture, first of all, effective separation process development was required. The research for improvement of NBD dimer yield were performed by use of eco-friendly and recyclable separation solvent.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2010.06a
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• pp.117-117
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• 2010

석탄 가스화에서 유도된 합성가스는 합성반응 공정을 통하여 합성석유, 메탄올(& DME), 합성천연가스(SNG) 등의 다양한 화학원료를 제조할 수 있어 이의 활용이 점차적으로 확대될 것이다. 이 중 SNG 공정의 경우, 석탄가스화기에서 생산된 합성가스는 집진, 탈황, 수성가스전환($H_2$/CO 비를 조절), $CO_2$ 제거 등의 공정을 거쳐 메탄화 반응기로 유도되는데, 메탄화 반응에서 $CO_2$가 반응에 참여하면 탄소포집 및 저장(CCS)의 부담을 크게 줄일 수 있어 이에 대한 관심이 커지고 있다. 특히, 상업용으로 활용되고 있는 단열반응기를 직렬로 연결할 경우, 메탄화반응의 발열로 인한 반응기내의 온도 상승으로 $CO_2$가 생성되는데 이후의 2차 또는 3차의 단열반응기에서 $CO_2$ 수소화반응이 진행되면 최종 생성물인 메탄의 수율이 증가하며, 뿐만아니라 생성물 중 포함된 수소의 농도를 낮출 수 있는 장점을 가지게 된다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 Ni계 촉매를 사용하여 풍부한 $H_2$ 분위기에서 Fe를 첨가하여 이의 함량이 $CO_2$ 수소화반응의 탄소 전환율과 생성되는 메탄의 수율에 미치는 영향을 고찰하였다.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2009.06a
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• pp.840-843
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• 2009

폐자동차의 최종처분 과정에서 발생하는 자동차 파쇄 폐기물(Automobile Shredder Dust)은 대부분이 고분자 화합물로 높은 발열량을 가지고 있다. 또한 할로겐족 원소가 포함된 난연성 고분자류가 많아 다이옥신의 생성 우려가 높은 고분자류와 다이옥신 생성의 촉매 역할을 할 수 있는 금속성분이 많이 함유되어 있어 가스화용융시스템에 적용하여 처리하기에 매우 적합한 폐기물이다. 본 연구에서는 ASR의 가스화 용융 시설에서 고농도 CO를 함유한 합성가스를 수성가스전환반응(Water Gas Shift reaction, WGS)을 이용하여 수소의 수율을 높이는 기술을 제시하였다. 가스화 용융 설비에서 배출되는 합성가스 조성을 기준으로 적합한 고정층 WGS 반응기를 설계하고, 고온 촉매(KATALCO 71-5M)와 저온 촉매(KATALCO 83-3X)를 사용하여 실험하였다. 수성가스 반응 후의 가스 조성은 온도가 상승할수록 일산화탄소가 줄어들고 이에 따라 수소와 이산화탄소 발생량이 증가 되어 고온 촉매를 사용했을 경우 일산화탄소 전환율 ($1-CO_{out}/CO_{in}$)은 55.6에서 95.8%까지 상승하였다. 동일한 온도조건에서는 촉매에 관계없이 $CO/H_2$가 감소할수록 전환율도 감소하는 경향을 보였지만 동일한 합성가스 조성에서 일산화탄소 전환율을 비교하면 저온 촉매가 고온 촉매보다 매우 우수함을 알 수 있었다.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.34-37
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• 2004

Effect of $H_2$ spillover rate as functon of calcination temperature on reaction kinetics was evaluated. Reaction kinetics including yield, conversion and selectivity of 1-butene isomerization over $Pt/HxMoO_3/SiO_2$ were measured as reaction temperature was increased. While conversion of 1-butane was decreased, yield of iso-butene was increased. Two kinds of reaction mechanism were proposed from the change of selectivity as function of temperature.

• Clean Technology
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.331-338
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• 2022

The objective of this study is to prepare bead-type and pellet-type Pt (1 wt%)/Kieselguhr catalysts as hydrogenation catalysts for the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) included in pyrolysis fuel oil (PFO). The optimal reaction temperature to maximize the yield of saturated cyclic hydrocarbons during the PFO-cut hydrogenation reaction in a trickle bed reactor was determined to be 250 ℃. A hydrogen/PFO-cut flow rate ratio of 1800 was found to maximize 1-ring saturated cyclic compounds. The yield of saturated cyclic compound increased as the space velocity (LHSV) of PFO-cut decreased. The difference in hydrogenation reaction performance between the pellet catalyst and the bead catalyst was negligible. However, the catalyst impregnated by Pt after molding the Kieselguhr support (AI catalyst) showed higher hydrogenation activity than the catalyst molded after Pt impregnation on the Kieselguhr powder (BI catalyst), which was a common phenomenon in both the pellet catalysts and bead catalysts. This may be due to a higher number of active sites over the AI catalyst compared to the BI catalyst. It was confirmed that the pellet catalyst prepared by the AI method had the best reaction activity of the prepared catalysts in this study. The majority of the PFO-cut hydrogenation products were cyclic hydrocarbons ranging from C₈ to C₁₅, and C₁₁ cyclic hydrocarbons had the highest distribution. It was confirmed that both a cracking reaction and hydrogenation occurred, which shifted the carbon number distribution towards light hydrocarbons.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.34-47
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• 1999

본 연구에서는 촉매상에서 메탄의 산화시 발생되는 반응열을 이용하고 반응생성물과 미반응 메탄과의 개질반응에 의해 합성가스의 수율을 증대시키기 위하여 연소촉매와 개질촉매를 연속적으로 배치한 hybrid 촉매상에서 개질촉매에 따른 메탄의 부분산화반응의 반응 특성과 합성가스 수율에 미치는 영향을 관찰하였다. 메탄의 산화를 위해서 Pt-Rh/cordierite 촉매를 사용하였으며, 개질촉매로는 상업용 개질촉매인 R67, ICI46-1, 수성가스 전환반응촉매인 LX821 촉매와 6 wt% Ni/cordierite 촉매를 사용하였다. 실험결과 연소촉매와 개질촉매를 연속적으로 사용한 경우 메탄의 산화 과정에서 생성된 CO2 및 H2O가 미반응 메탄과의 개질반응 촉진으로 인하여 합성가스이 수율이 증가됨을 확인할 수 있었다. 이때 생성되는 합성가스의 H2/CO 몰비는 온도에 따라 감소하는 것으로 나타났으며, 80$0^{\circ}C$에서 촉매에 따라 2.2~2.8의 값을 가짐을 알 수 있었다. 개질촉매로 R67 및 Ni/cordierite 촉매를 사용하였을 경우 가장 높은 합성가스의 수율을 얻을 수 있었으며, 연소촉매와 개질촉매의 질량비는 1:1~1:2에서 가장 높은 수율의 합성가스를 얻을 수 있었다. 메탄과 산소의 몰비가 2:2에서 메탄의 전환율과 수소 수율이 가장 높게 나타났으며 메탄의 몰비 증가에 따라 감소되는 경향을 보였다.

• Transactions of the Korean hydrogen and new energy society
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.427-433
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• 2018

This study was performed to evaluate initial pH and substrate concentration on hydrogen fermentation of protein. The optimum initial pH and substrate concentration of hydrogen fermentation using protein was 8.0 and 1.0 g peptone/L, respectively. The maximum hydrogen yield at initial pH 8.0 and 1.0 g peptone/L was $19.2{\pm}0.8mL\;H_2/g$ peptone. As results of VFAs analysis, percentages of valerate was similar to hydrogen yield. Also, C. stickalandii, which was hydrogen and valerate producing bacteria, was dominated.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.28 no.9
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• pp.911-916
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• 2006

The influence of substrate concentration and hydraulic retention time(HRT) on the hydrogen production by anaerobic microflora was investigated by conducting three series of continuous experiments the individual influences of substrate concentration and HRT. In series I, substrate concentration was increased from 3 to 27 g-glucose/L keeping HRT at 8 hr. Series II and III carried out same condition with series I at HRT of 16 hr and 24 hr, respectively. The effects of HRT and substrate concentration on the hydrogen production yield were analyzed by quadratic model. The maximum hydrogen production yield of 2.05 mol $H_2/mol$ glucose was found at the HRT of 9.6 hr and the substrate concentration of 15.4 g/L. The relationship between HRT and substrate concentration on hydrogen production yield as displayed a saddle shape in the response surface plot. Optimum HRT and substrate concentration are observed at in the range of 5 and 14 hr, at between 13 and 17 g/L, respectively, for the hydrogen production yield being 2 mol $H_2/mol$ glucose. The concentrations of organic acids increased with the increase of the amount of glucose consumption. Acetic acid and butyric acid were the main by-products from the glucose degradation.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.7-12
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• 2015

Hydrogen is usually produced by using syngas generated by the fuel reforming for natural gas so far. The further process is needed for increasing the hydrogen yield of syngas. However, the process for upgrading the hydrogen yield is accompanied by additional energy sources and economic costs. Thus related studies on the method for using as a mixture in itself have been conducted in order to utilize more efficiently syngas. The effect on the engine performance for methane/syngas mixture of 30kW spark ignition gas engine for power generation has been investigated in this study. As a result, it was found that the combustion phenomena such as the maximum in-cylinder pressure and crank angle at that time have been improved by methane/syngas mixture. Through these, fuel conversion efficiency could be enhanced by about 98% of methane/hydrogen mixture and $NO_x$ emissions could be reduced by about 12% of methane-hydrogen mixture.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.204-208
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• 2022

Hydrogen peroxide is an eco-friendly oxidizing agent, which has exhibited a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity without adverse environmental impact. This study was conducted to investigate the antifungal effect of hydrogen peroxide treatment against Cylindrocarpon destructans, and consequently to evaluate its control efficacy against root rot disease of 2-year-old ginseng plants. Hydrogen peroxide treatment strongly inhibited the viability of C. destructans conidia in vitro. The hydrogen peroxide at a concentration of 300 mg/l significantly reduced disease infection of the ginseng root when treated to spore suspension (10⁷ conidia/ml). Spraying with 300 mg/l of hydrogen peroxide reduced the root rot disease of the ginseng sprouts by 15% compared to the untreated control at 14 days after the inoculation. However, 300 mg/l of hydrogen peroxide delayed the emergence of ginseng plants during sprouting under aeroponic conditions. Further works need to be done to provide an acceptable control efficacy of hydrogen peroxide against the disease and its good safety to ginseng plants.