• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2017.10a
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• pp.399-402
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• 2017

We consider an sensor partitioning problem for energy-efficient measurement scheduling in a spatially correlated sensor field where sensors are located randomly. We divide the whole sensors into subsets of k sensors in the way of letting each subset give similar amount of mutual information. Then it allows more prolonged life time of the sensor field than measuring the sensors that gives most information only. To this end, we compute the Shapley value of each sensor and compose the subsets so that each subset can have total Shapley value similar with the other subsets.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.7 no.4 s.21
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• pp.20-23
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• 2003

The analysis of reliabilities of process facilities often uses models based on the Weibull distribution. The parameters in these models are functions of operating conditions, and determined by experiments. Using these values, we calculate the reliability, mean time to failure, and standard deviation. The conventional method assumes that the operating condition is constant, and thus treats the model parameters as constants. In this paper, a reliability function is proposed which is applicable when the scale parameter is a function of time, and an analysis method based on this is also presented. A case study on a cooling fan resulted in a big difference from the conventional method to which the average operating conditions were applied. The proposed method is also applicable to other process facilities, and expected to effectively take into account the effects of changes in the operating conditions on the reliabilities of the facilities.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
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• 2019.07a
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• pp.109-110
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• 2019

최근 IoT 환경에서는 고밀도로 노드가 분포되어진다. 이러한 센서 노드들은 데이터 전송 시 혼잡을 초래하는 중복 데이터를 생성하여 데이터의 정확도를 저하시킨다. 이에 따라 본 연구에서는 데이터 집중으로 인해 발생하는 네트워크의 정체 문제를 해결하기 위해 제안 기법은 사 분위(Interquatile, IRQ) 분석과 코사인 유사도 함수를 통해 데이터의 이상치와 중복성을 측정하여 중복 데이터 및 특이치를 제거한다. 본 연구를 통하여 최적의 데이터 전송을 통하여 IoT의 통신 성능을 향상시킬 수 있으며 결과적으로 데이터 감소율, 네트워크 수명 및 에너지의 효율성을 높일 수 있다.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.531-536
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• 2022

In order to efficeintly manage a battery, it is important to accurately estimate and manage the SOH(State of Health) and RUL(Remaining Useful Life) of the batteries. Even if the batteries are of the same type, the characteristics such as facility capacity and voltage are different, and when the battery for the training model and the battery for prediction through the model are different, there is a limit to measuring the accuracy. In this paper, We proposed the entropy index using voltage distribution and discharge time is generalized, and four batteries are defined as a training set and a test set alternately one by one to predict the health status of batteries through linear regression analysis of machine learning. The proposed method showed a high accuracy of more than 95% using the MAPE(Mean Absolute Percentage Error).

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.97-106
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• 1993

This is the study on fracture life under the interaction of creep and fatigue. It is difficult to explain the interaction of the creep and fatigue with indication of frequency but the dependency of the time should be considered. The formulation of material varieties causing by interaction of creep and fatigue is required in the accumulative damage method. The strain range partition method requires some of modification corresponding to the changes in temperature and load. All of other method also comprehended with above mentioned problems. Generally, in this field, the variety of stress-strain and suitable parameter is required and connective study between the macro and micro results seems to be insufficient. The linear damage rule is acquiring the support generally but it requires modification in the hgigh temperature instruments. The variety of stress effecting on crack and variety of stress on the metallurgical side are considered to be problems in the future days.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.57 no.4
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• pp.261-269
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• 2018

The cowpea aphid Aphis craccivora Koch (Hemiptera: Aphididae) is a polyphagous species with a worldwide distribution. We investigated the temperature effects on development periods of nymphs, and the longevity and fecundity of apterous female of A. craccivora. The study was conducted at six constant temperatures of 10.0, 15.0, 20.0, 25, 30.0, and $32.5^{\circ}C$. A. craccivora developed successfully from nymph to adult stage at all temperatures subjected. The developmental rate of A. craccivora increased as temperature increased. The lower developmental threshold (LT) and thermal constant (K) of A. craccivora nymph stage were estimated by linear regression as $5.3^{\circ}C$ and 128.4 degree-days (DD), respectively. Lower and higher threshold temperatures (TL, TH and TH-TL, respectively) were calculated by the Sharpe_Schoolfield_Ikemoto (SSI) model as $17.0^{\circ}C$, $34.6^{\circ}C$ and $17.5^{\circ}C$. Developmental completion of nymph stages was described using a three-parameter Weibull function. Life table parameters were estimated. The intrinsic rate of increase was highest at $25^{\circ}C$, while the net reproductive rate was highest at $20^{\circ}C$. Biological characteristics of A. craccivora populations from different geographic areas were discussed.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.177-201
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• 2022

Following the adoption of the global plant conservation strategies at the Conference of the Parties for Biodiversity Conservation, diligent actions to achieve each targets are actively carried out. In particular, the need for ecological conservation research to achieve targets 2 and 7 of GSPC-2020 has increased. The priority taxa to accomplish the objectives of GSPC-2020 are rare and endemic plants. In particular, endemic plants with limited distribution in specific regions are evaluated to face a high risk of extinction. To address the necessity to preserve endemic plants, we investigated the distribution of Prunus choreiana H. T. Im, a Korean endemic plant. After that, we examined the vegetational environment of the habitat of P. choreiana and evaluated its population structure. The productivity of its fruits and the effects of pollinators on fruit production were evaluated as well. The fruiting ratio was calculated based on the number of flowers produced. Lastly, we observed the annual growth characteristics of P. choreiana. The habitats of P. choreiana did not show a specific type of vegetation. All of them were located in a limestone area of Gangwon-do in the central Korean Peninsula and occupied a site where the coverage of the tree layer and the sub-tree layer was not high or did not exist. The population structure of P. choreiana contained a high proportion of mature plants capable of producing fruits and a low proportion of seedlings and Juvenile plants. We found that the production of fruits required pollinators and was affected by the performance of each plant. Although P. choreiana produces many flowers, only a maximum of 20% and only 2-6% on average bear fruits. These flowering characteristics may be due to pollinators' low abundance and activity during the flowering season (between mid-March and early April), suggesting that many flowers are needed to attract more pollinators. We rarely observed the re-establishment of seedlings in the population of P. choreiana. Despite that, we predict the population to persist owing to its long lifespan and periodic production of numerous fruits. However, if the tree layer and sub-tree layer in competing status with P. choreiana increase their crown density, they are expected to inhibit the growth of P. choreiana and affect the risk of its extinction. Therefore, the current changes in the vegetational environment of the habitats are expected to decrease the number and extent of P. choreiana in the long term. The results of this study may serve as primary and important data necessary for the achievement of GSPC-2020 objectives.

• Proceedings of the Korean Powder Metallurgy Institute Conference
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• 2000.04a
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• pp.16-16
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• 2000

분무주조법으로 제조된 Al-25Si-(Fe,V) 합금빌렛의 미세조직을 광학현미경, 주사전자현미경, 투과전자현미경으로 분석하였으며, 빌렛내에서 관찰되는 2차상의 형성거동을 정확히 분석하기 위해 over-sprayed 분말의 미세조직을 분무주조 빌렛과 함께 관찰하였다. 먼저 분무주조 빌렛을 표면으로부터 중심부까지 관찰한 결과, 분무주조 빌렛의 미세조직은 표면부 10mm 가량을 제외하고는 매우 균일한 미세조직을 보여주었다. 이에 본 연구에서는 분무주조 빌렛의 표면부와 중심부, 그리고 over-sprayed 분말조직으로 구분하여 각각에서 관찰되는 2차상을 관찰하였으며, 이를 바탕으로 분무주조 빌렛내에 형성된 2차상의 형성기구를 규명하고자 하였다. Over-sprayed 분말의 미세조직은 기지조직내에 균일하게 분포된 침상의 $\delta$-AlFeSi 상과 각형의 Si 입자로 구성되어 있었다. 반면, 분무주조 빌렛의 경우, 그 중심부에서는 기자조직내에 균일하게 분포된 막대형의 $\beta$-AlFeSi과 부정형의 조대한 Si입자가 관찰되었으며, 표면부에서는 부정형의 Si 입자와 함께 막대형의 $\beta$-AlFeSi/$\delta$-AlFeSi 복합상이 관찰되었다. 특히, 빌렛 표면부의 $\beta$-AlFeSi 상과 $\delta$-AlFeSi 상간에는 일정한 방위관계가 존재하였으며, 이러한 결과는 분무주조 빌렛내에 분포된 $\beta$-AlFeSi상들이 분무액적내에 형성된 준안정 $\delta$-AlFeSi 상으로부터 상분해되어 형성되었음을 제시한다. 이상의 분무주조 조직과 over-sprayed 분말의 미세조직으로부터 분무주조 빌렛의 최종 주조조직은 반응고상태의 분무액적 조직에 의해 지배됨을 알 수 있다.r plate)의 단면 미세조직 사진으로써 모재부와 오버레이충을 함께 보여주고 있다. 모재와 오버레이 충간의 경계면은 모재 일부가 용융된 후 웅고하면서 형성됨으로 인해서 도금이나 용사층과는 달리 매우 견고하게 결합되어 있다. 따라서 계면부의 탈락이라는 문 제점은 거의 없어 심한 응력을 받는 기계구조물 및 부품에도 본 기술은 널리 적용되고 있다. 그리고 사진 1에서 알 수 있는 바와 같이 모재와는 전혀 상이한 재료를 자유로이 선택하여 표면 유효층 일부만 오버레이시키며I 주조 및 단조가 불가능한 재료까지도 표면부에 오버레이 시킴으로 서 부품 및 설비의 제조에 있어 재료비의 절감과 제품의 수명이 획기적으로 개선될 수 있다. 그리고 최근에는 도금 빛 용사 둥과 같은 표면처리를 할 경우임의 소재 표면에 도금 및 용 사에 용이한 재료를 오버레이용접시킨 후 표면처리를 함으로써 보다 고품질의 표면층을 얻기위한 시도가 이루어지고 있다. 따라서 국내, 외의 오버레이 용접기술의 적용현황 및 대표적인 적용사례, 오버레이 용접기술 및 용접재료의 개발현황 둥을 중심으로 살펴봄으로서 아직 국내에서는 널리 알려지지 않은 본 기 술의 활용을 넓이고자 한다. within minimum time from beginning of the shutdown.및 12.36%, $101{\sim}200$일의 경우 12.78% 및 12.44%, 201일 이상의 경우 13.17% 및 11.30%로 201일 이상의 유기의 경우에만 대조구와 삭제 구간에 유의적인(p<0.05) 차이를 나타내었다.는 담수(淡水)에서 10%o의 해수(海水)로 이주된지 14일(日) 이후에 신장(腎臟)에서 수축된 것으로 나타났다. 30%o의 해수(海水)에 적응(適應)된 틸라피아의 평균 신사구체(腎絲球體)의 면적은 담수(淡水)에 적응된 개체의 면적보다 유의성있게 나타났다. 해수(海水)에 적응(適應)된 틸라피아의 신단위(腎單位)의 사

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.116-122
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• 2012

A short-term atmospheric dispersion factor (${\chi}/Q$) is an essential element for radiological dose assessment following a hypothetical accidental releases of light-water nuclear power plants. The U. S. NRC developed PAVAN program to comply with the U. S. NRC's Regulatory Guide 1.145. Meteorological data is an essential element for atmospheric dispersion, and PAVAN uses a joint frequency distribution data, which represents the occurrence probability of wind speed and wind direction for atmospheric stability. Using the meteorological data measured at Kori and Wolsung sites for the last 5 years (from 2006 to 2010), a variety of joint frequency distribution data were prepared to evaluate ${\chi}/Q$ values with different wind speed classifications (U. S. NRC's recommendation and even distribution of occurrence probability) and periods of meteorological data to be analyzed (1 year, 2 year, 3 year, 4 year, 5 year). As a result, it was found that the influence of the wind speed classification on ${\chi}/Q$ values is little, while the influence of the periods of meteorological data to be analyzed is relatively significant, representing more than 1.5 times in the ratio of maximum to minimum values.

• Journal of the Korean Electrochemical Society
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.129-137
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• 2013

From the cooked-rice as a raw material, activated carbons throughout a hydrothermal synthesis and vacuum soak of KOH for chemical activation were obtained. Activated carbon electrodes for electric double layer supercapacitors were prepared and electrochemical characteristics were examined. Including the specific surface area by BET method and pore size distribution by NLDFT method, physical properties of activated carbons were investigated by means of SEM, EDS, XRD, and TG analyses. Cycle voltammetry and AC-impedance measurements were conducted to confirm the electrochemical characteristics for the electrodes. From hydrothermal synthesis, $5{\sim}7{\mu}m$ diameters of spherical carbons were obtained. After the activation at $800^{\circ}C$, it was notable for the activated carbon to be the specific surface $1631.8cm^2/g$, pore size distribution in 0.9~2.1 nm, and micro-pore volume $0.6154cm^3/g$. As electrochemical characteristics of the activated carbon electrode in 6M KOH electrolyte, it was confirmed that the specific capacitances of 236, 194, and 137 F/g at the scan rate of 5, 100, and 500 mV/s respectively were exhibited and 91.2% of initial capacitance after 100,000 cycles at 200 mV/s was maintained.