• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.113-129
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• 2001

인터넷은 컴퓨터와 네트워크의 가상공간을 통하여 그 개방성과 뛰어난 확장성으로 전자상거래의 기본수단이 되고 있으며 경이로운 발전을 거듭하고 있다. 이에 따라 현재 전세계는 전자상거래가 폭발적으로 성장하는 시기를 맞이하고 있다. 일본에서도 최근 일본정부가 2005년까지 초고속인터넷을 3000만 가구에 보급할 계획을 세우고 있는 등 인터넷의 고속화가 빠르게 진전되고 있고, 이용자의 인터넷 접속요금도 저가격화로 변화함에 따라 전자상거래 이용지도 급속도로 증가할 것으로 예상된다. 그리고 TV를 이용한 게임기나 인터넷 전용머신이라는 컴퓨터 이외의 디지털기기로 인터넷을 이용하는 등 전자상거래 이용수단도 다양화될 것이며, 또한 디지털 텔레비전과의 제휴를 통하여 디지털데이터방송을 활용한 전자상거래도 활발히 이루어질 전망이다. 이에 따라 일본의 전자상거래시장의 급속한 성장과 함께 결제수단도 다양화되고 있다. 전자상거래의 결제수단으로서는 현금, 우편환, 은행입금, 수표 외 전자상거래의 특유의 결제수단이라고 할 수 있는 전자화폐, 인터넷뱅킹, E-Debit 등이 있다. 이 가운데 전자화폐는 일반적으로 유통성, 양도가능성, 범용성, 익명성 등 현금이 가지고 있는 기능을 갖추고 있을 뿐만 아니라 원격지송금성, 수송상의 비용절감, 금액의 분할 및 통합의 유연성, 전자성 등의 특징을 갖고 있으며 현금의 단점을 보완하는 기능도 있기 때문에, 앞으로 신용카드를 대체하는 차세대 전자결제수단으로 등장할 것이 확실시된다. 따라서 본고에서는 현재 일본 내의 다양한 주체들에 의하여 개발 실험되고 있는 전자화폐에 의한 결제시스템을 개관함으로써 우리나라에서도 일본과 같은 다양한 전자화폐에 의한 결제시스템의 개발 실험 도입이 절실함을 제안하였다.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.32 no.2D
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• pp.95-101
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• 2012

Layout Criteria are developed for an access mode's on and off facility at multiple transfer centers in this paper. Layout Criteria are location issues between a main mode and access modes in terms of the on and off facility one another. The total distance between them has been suggested to be minimized. In the distance calculation stairs are considered to be more difficult and than open space. On the other hand an escalator and an elevator are treated as easier than open space. Considering the number of people between on and off facility, the weighted average distance is suggested to be a MOE(Measure of effectiveness) for layout criteria at multiple transfer centers. Finally, the layout criteria are applied to the existing Kimpo airport terminal and some improvement ideas are suggested.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.7-18
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• 2012

This study suggested a method of forecasting market-share of each mode after introducing new urban rail transit lines. The study reflected the observed market share of presently operating urban rail transit into forecasting process in order to improve accuracy in predicting market share of each modes. For more realistic representation of the forecasting model, we categorized O/D pairs according to attributes of trip distance, access time and number of transfers. The analysis results of traveler's mode choice behavior with observed data showed that the trip distances are longer, the share of urban rail tends to be higher, and that the number of transfers is fewer and the access times are lesser, the share of urban rail also tends to be higher. Then, incremental logit model was used in estimating mode choice probabilities for O/D pairs along with rail transit lines while utilizing observed market shares of each modes and differences in transit service level. As the next step, the market share of rail transit after introducing new rail transit lines was forecasted by using incremental logit model with the intial share values calculated the previous analysis step. It also reflected changes in level of service for automobile in highway due to changes in highway systems and changes in mode shares after introducing new lines of rail transit. It can be expected that the proposed method would more realistically duplicates phenomena of mode choice behavior for rail transit and that it would be more theoretically logical than the typical existing methods using SP data and incremental logit model or using addictive logit model in this country.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.23 no.3 s.81
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• pp.7-19
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• 2005

Mode choice Analysis is essential analysis stage in transportation demand forecasting process. Therefore, methods for calibration and forecasting of mode choice model in aspect of practical view need to be discussed in depth. Since 1980s, choice models, especially Logit model, are spread widely and rapidly over academic area, research institutes and consulting firms in Korea like other developed countries in the world. However, the process of calibration and parameter estimation for practical application was not clearly explained in previous papers and reports. This study tried to explain clearly the calibration process of mode choice step by step and suggested a forecasting mode choice model that can be applicable in real policy analysis by using household survey data of Pusan metropolitan are. The study also suggested a way of estimating attributes which was not observed during the household survey commonly such as travel time and cost of unchosen alternative modes. The study summarized the statistical results of model specification for four different Logit models as a process to upgrade model capability of explanation for real traveler's choice behaviors. By using the analysis results, it also calculated the value of travel time and compared them with the values of other previous studies to test reliability of the estimated model.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.85-94
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• 2012

Modern freight transport pursues not only the reduction of logistic costs but also aims at green logistics and efficient shipments. In order to accomplish these goals, various policies regarding the multimodal shipment and stopover to logistic facilities have widely been made. Such situation requires changes in existing methods for analyzing freight demand. However, the reality is that a reliable freight demand forecast is limited, since in the transport research field there is no robust freight demand model that can accommodate transshipments at logistic facilities. This study suggested a novel method to analyze freight demand, which can consider transshipments in multi-modal networks. Also, the applicability of this method was discussed through an example test.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.1-37
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• 2012

The purpose of this paper is to estimate the social costs induced by various transport modes such as truck, rail and sea vessel. For this purpose, we introduce the damage function of each transport modes, and estimate social costs for 10 items using Meta Analysis. As a results, this study can find that shipping is the most efficient transport mode because it gives the lowest social costs among them. This study also find that the iso-cost transport distance that gives the equal social costs between the transport modes. Our methodology can be thought somewhat inferior to the Contingent Valuation Methods, however the advantage of this methodology is that we can decomposite the total social costs into item by item and can apply it to other researches.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.81-89
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• 2011

Trip distribution is the second step of the conventional travel demand estimation process, which connects trips between origin and destination, while transport mode choice is the third step of the process, which chooses transport mode among several modes serving for each origin-destination pair. Although these two steps have closely connected, they have been estimated independently each other in the estimation procedure. This paper presents an integrated model combining trip distribution and transport mode choice, and also presents its solution algorithm. The model integrates gravity model adopted for the trip distribution process with logit model employed for the mode choice process. The model would be expected to cope with the inconsistency issue existing in the conventional travel demand estimation procedure. This paper also presents an equilibrium condition, sensitivity of the model, and compares them with those of existing models.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.97-106
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• 2010

Environmental issues resulting from climate change and energy crises have become global issues, and cycling has gained greater popularity for sustainable transportation. Though many cities are trying to build bicycle roads, it is not easy to implement bicycle roads because there is little available space for bicycle facilities. Therefore, road diets have become more popular in Korea. However, there has been no intensive research to date of their impacts. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the effects of road diets and construction of bike lanes. Every benefit, including energy benefit, environmental benefit, and health benefit is considered, while only time savings benefit has been considered in previous studies. The benefit analysis for the Seoul metropolitan area as a case study shows that road diets have a (1) time saving benefit for only five percent of the mode share and (2) enough total benefit even if bicycle mode share is less than two percent.

• Proceedings of the KOR-KST Conference
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• 1998.10a
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• pp.496-505
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• 1998

물류활동에서 운송부분이 차지하는 중요성은 기업의 경영자층에게 더욱 중요하게 인식되고 있는데, 이는 경쟁 환경 때문이다. 경쟁환경에서는 'Output Logistic' 즉, 운송활동의 수행정도에 따라 물류활동의 성패가 결정된다. 따라서 기업물류활동의 근간인 운송활동의 주요 결정요인과 선택형태를 알아보고, 이들이 실제로 기업의 물류활동에 어느 정도 영향을 미치는지를 심층적으로 분석해보는 것도 매우 의미 있는 일이라 하겠다. 더구나 우리 나라의 현재의 경제여건에서는 물류비에 대한 효율화 작업이 필요한데 반해 그 동안의 연구들을 살펴보면 SP 자료를 이용한 가상적 상황하에서의 화주의 선택행태를 분석하였으므로 실제 선택한 수단간의 gap을 극복할 수 없었다. 기업은 운송수단의 선택시 복잡한 결정과정을 갖는다. 이는 운송부문이 총물류비용에서 차지하는 중요도 때문이다. 기업의 운송관리자는 화물을 출하할 때마다 선택의 기로에 서게 된다. 즉, 일부는 조직 체계나 다른 계약 여건에 따라 이전과 동일한 수단을 선택하는 경우도 있지만, 많은 경우에는 매번 출하시 마다 최적의 운송수단을 선택하기 위한 새로운 결정을 하게 된다. 본 연구는 이러한 화주의 수단선택행태를 실제 RP 자료를 이용하여 분석하였다. 수단선택모형의 적용 및 분서결과를 살펴보면 상당히 attractive한 결과를 발견할 수 있는데 각 품목별 추정 값이 운송거리에 대해서는 음으로 운송비용에 대해서는 양으로 나타나고 있다. 다시 말하면 운송거리가 길수록 효용은 감소하고 운송비용이 커질수록 효용은 증가한다는 것을 의미하므로 그 분석결과가 올바른 결과를 도출하고 있지는 않다. 그러나 여기서 알수 있는 것은 운송거리와 운송비용이 각각 주요한 변수라는 것이다. 모형의 타당성을 검증하기 위해서는 logilikelihood 값을 구하여 $\rho$^2분석을 시행하였다. 여기서는 각 품목별로 $\rho$^2값이 약 0.15~0.3의 비교적 높은 수치를 보여주고 있으므로 모형의 설명력이 어느 정도 있다는 것이 아울러 증명이 되었다. 상관관계에 대한 분석에서는 영업용 차량간의 상관관계가 높게 나타났으며, 이는 곧 영업용 화물차량을 적재중량별로 구분하는 것이 별 의미가 없음을 의미한다. 다시 말하면 자가용 차량을 보유하고 있지 않은 회사는 다른 운송전문업체에 화물운송을 의뢰하게 되므로 출하중량에 따라 화물차량을 구분하는 것에 대해서 그다지 큰 고려를 하지 않는 것으로 해석할 수가 있다.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.383-389
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• 2011

Until now, in planning and constructing KTX and the Express Way, the connectivity and transfer between these facilities have not been considered. In this study the effect of mode choice behavior by connecting KTX and the Express Way is analyzed through estimating Multinomial Logit Model and Binary Logit Model. The SP and RP surveys to develop these models were carried out and the data were selected from the passengers using the KTX station, Express Bus Terminals and Rest Areas in the Express Way. To test the effect of connectivity and transfer in the field, the case study for Dongtan KTX station was carried out. According to the results, connecting the KTX station and the Express Way has the effect of increasing the demand by 30%. And this is caused by saving about 120 minutes of traveling time from Seoul to Pusan. This study shows that the connectivity and transfer can increase the efficiency of transportation system and the improvement in the mobility and accessibility will maximize the usages of these two facilities.