• Journal of Korean Orthopaedic Sports Medicine
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2012

The wrist joint was consisted with various bones, ligaments, and muscles. The wrist joint is difficult to understand, because of its complicated anatomical structure. The wrist joint is not one space but three joints; radiocarpal joint between distal radioulnar and proximal carpal bone, midcarpal joint between proximal and distal carpal bone, and distal radioulnar joint between distal radius and ulnar head. Normally each joint is separated from each other. Exact understanding about normal anatomy of the wrist joint is necessary for treatment of disease and injury in wrist joint. In this reviews, we will see normal anatomy of the wrist joint.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.178-184
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• 1997

Many mathematical techniques have been developed to determine the muscle forces and force distribution in biomechanical human model, because it is so important to understand internal forces resisting external loading. However, a three-dimensional mathematical model of wrist joint, which is essential to develop solid modeling and artificial wrist joint, has not been well developed. This study proposed to define three-dimensional mathematical model of distal radius and ulna of the human wrist and to develop a detailed two-dimensional finite element through comparisons to existing analytical models and experimental tests. This mathematical model were accurately recreated, allowing the internal tendon force as well as force transmission and distribution through the distal radios and ulna during dynamic loadings. The results found in this study indicate and support the findings of other investigator that cyclic loading condition results in higher compression force on distal radius and ulna and may be source of wrist disorder.

• Journal of the Korean Orthopaedic Association
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• v.55 no.6
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• pp.472-486
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• 2020

Rheumatoid arthritis is a systemic disease with chronic progress, but the recent rapid developments of drug treatments have led many patients to gain control of their disease activity. As a result, surgery has been performed less commonly on the wrist or hand than in the past. On the other hand, surgical treatment is still essential to patients who do not respond to those medications. For the successful treatment of symptomatic deformed joints or functional disability, surgeons should understand that the pathology of rheumatoid arthritis proceeds differently in every patient. Furthermore, because rheumatoid arthritis often invades multiple joints in the hand and wrist, the patients often require multiple operations simultaneously. This paper summarizes the current concepts of surgical treatment of rheumatoid arthritis in the hand and wrist based on more than 30 years' experience of our senior surgeon and a literature review.

• Journal of the Korean Arthroscopy Society
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.81-85
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• 2002

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.105-110
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• 2010

Purpose: Three phase bone scan was considered sensitive in Patients with Reflex Symphathetic Dystrophy Syndrome (RSDS). Generally, three phase bone scan in the RSDS patients shows increased uptake of one side extremity joint. But three phase bone scan has been performed with flow, blood pool and delayed scan. We performed blood pool half body scan in order to investigate its usefulness. Materials and Methods: From October 2007 to September 2009, three phase bone scan (flow, blood pool, half body blood pool, delayed) was performed after injection of 750 MBq of $^{99m}Tc$-DPD in diagnosed patients with RSDS (M:F=8:7, R:L=9:6). For quantitative analysis, we obtained the count ratios of bilateral hands by drawing a region of interest (ROI) in the three phase images and compared with the count ratios of shoulders in half body blood pool and delayed images. Results: In flow images, right/left ratios were $1.09{\pm}0.53$. In blood pool images, right/left ratios were $1.13{\pm}0.47$ (hand), $1.08{\pm}0.26$ (shoulder). In delayed images, right/left ratios were $1.24{\pm}0.75$ (hand), $1.11{\pm}0.31$ (shoulder). As a result, Log of right/left counts of the others and that of shoulder blood pool image were correlated well with statistical significance (Spearman's R, p<0.005 SPSS for windows ver.12.0). Conclusion: Half body blood pool scan may be helpful in the diagnosis of patients with RSDS. Moreover, Half body blood pool scan reduced false negative and false positive rates. In order to improve agreement on interpretation of RSDS, Blood pool half body scan should be established as common criteria.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.95-103
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• 2003

본 연구는 초기 편마비 환자의 손목에서 표면근전도 분석을 통해 근수축 개시 및 종료의 특성들을 알아보고, 임상적인 치료방법의 기초를 제안하고자 실시하였다. 연구대상자는 원주기독병원에 뇌졸중으로 입원한 환자 중 발병 후 3개월 미만인 13명과 원주시에 거주하는 대조군 7명이었다. 근수축 개시 및 종료의 지연은 표면근전도를 이용하여 손목굽힘근과 손목펴짐근에서 손목관절의 굽힘과 폄동작 시 3초의 근전도 신호음에 따라 가장 빠르고 강하게 최대 등척성 수축과 이완을 하여 신호를 수집하였다. 그 결과 편마비 환자의 환측은 건측과 대조군에 비해 손목관절 굽힘과 폄동작에서 근수축 개시및 종료가 유의하게 지연되었으며, 개시보다 종료가 더 유의하게 지연되었다. 따라서 초기 뇌졸중 환자의 근약화는 근육의 개시 및 종료의 반응시간 지연에 영향을 준다고 볼 수 있다. 앞으로 운동조절과 연관되어 기능적인 회복을 유도할 수 있는 근수축의 민첩성 훈련과 근섬유 동원의 효율성을 증진시키기 위한 치료방법들이 연구되어야 할 것이다.

• The Journal of Korean Orthopaedic Ultrasound Society
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.45-48
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• 2014

Ganglionic cyst is the most common benign tumor in the wrist and hand, and easily diagnosed with ultrasonography. Ganglionic cyst in sonography usually appears as hypoechoic or anechoic with well-demarcated cystic mass. We report a case of the hyperechoic mass at the volar aspect of the wrist, which confirmed as ganglionic cyst by operative and histological findings.

• The Journal of Korean society of community based occupational therapy
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.23-31
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• 2014

Objective : The objectives of this study were to compare the variables from Fitmeter accelerometer with them from CMS-70P(Zebris Medizintechnik Gmbh, Germany) and to suggest the availability the accelerometer in the field of occupational therapy. Methods : Twenty participants performed calling, drinking water, washing face and spooning and we measured Sum of Single Vector Magnitude(SSVM) and range of motion(ROM) on the wrist and elbow joints. Results :With respect to the wrist and elbow joints, SSVM and ROM differed significantly according to the task(calling, drinking water, washing face and spooning)(p<.001; p<.001; p<.001; p<.001). As for the wrist joint, SSVM and ROM did not show the significant correlation(p>.05) but as for the elbow joint, SSVM and ROM did show the significant correlation according to the task(p<.01; p<.001; p<.01; p<.05). With regard to the SVM-difference of wrist and elbow joints, calling and washing showed the significant difference (p<.001; p<.05) but drinking and spooning did not show the significant difference(p>.05; p>.05). Conclusion : We suggest that Fitmeter accelerometer would be use to record the kinematic variables during performance of ADL and it can compensate the function of CMS-70P as for the elbow joint than the wrist joint.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.53-60
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• 2020

The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the image of the Styrofoam Wedge that can minimize the position change by supporting the wrist during the True PA and lateral examination of the wrist. In 50 people, the gap between the distal radius joint facet and the wrist bone was measured after the wrist True PA and lateral images were obtained using a general examination(vertical), tube angle(vertical:10°, lateral:20°) and Styrofoam Wedge(vertical). When joint spacing was measured in the True PA and lateral images of the wrist, general examination(5.54mm, 9.42mm), tube angle(2.05mm, 5.07mm) and Styrofoam Wedge(1.79mm, 5.46mm) were shown to be small. The smaller the joint spacing, the easier it is to observe that is open. Therefore, True PA and lateral imaging of the wrist Styrofoam Wedge can reduce the distortion of the image and thus acquire images of high diagnostic value. In addition, it may be possible to reduce the deviation caused by the change of patient's position during re-projection.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.811-817
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• 2020

This study aims to evaluate the Modulation Transfer Function (MTF) according to the change in the number of channels of the CT examination device by changing the posture of the patient to the X-axis and Y-axis in the wrist joint CT examination. Using a CT device and a wrist phantom, the test was performed by moving 0 (matched), 5, 10, and 15 cm in the X-axis around the isocenter, and the Z-axis was rotated by -20° and -40°. For the test, 16, -40 and 64 channels were used to check whether there was a difference for each number of channels. The examined images were compared by measuring the MTF values of the ulna and left and right sides of the radius. In the experiment where the isocenter was moved along the X-axis, the MTF value decreased with an increase in the moving distance, and the MTF value was found to be unaffected by the number of channels. In the experiment in which the wrist joint was rotated by -20° and -40° on the Z-axis, the degree of deviation and MTF were found to be irrelevant. It was not related to the number of channels either. In conclusion, the movement of the wrist along the X-axis should be restrained as much as possible for a wrist joint CT scan, whereas deviation around the Z-axis depending on the environment for the patient would not affect the MTF of the image.