• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.141-150
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• 1987

The Soyanggang Dam completed in 1973 was well instrumented during construction period. The measured results for stresses and movements of the embankment have already been published elsewhere, but theoretical analyses have not been made until now. This study intends to analyze the stress and deformation behavior of the embankment numerically which have been subjected to the load of materials during construction and water load during impounding. The constitutive law used for the analyses is hyperbolic model developed by Duncan et al., and a nonlinear incremental finite element analysis simulating its contruction steps is. used in this study. Hyperbolic parameters for each Zone are estimated from literature. The results obtained from the theoretical analyses clearly show deformation characteristics and stress vectors in arbitrary section of the dam. The analytical results ate well agreed with the measured deformations at the maximum cross section, however, there are some discrepancy in horizontal movements and in stresses generated in the core zone. From the numerical analyses and its comparison with the measured values, it is charaterized that relatively large construction settlements occurred in core zone, overburden pressure in the core zone was considerably reduced by arching effect, and tension zones might occur near both abutments because of the large horizontal displacement.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.294-305
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• 2012

Scientific literacy has long been as one of the key goals of science education, and using scientific inquiry in school science has became an important objective to be achieved. The processes of scientific inquiry consist of proposing/developing inquiry question, designing and conducting investigation, collecting, analyzing and interpreting data, and communicating the results. However, most students experience mainly collecting and transforming data in inquiry processes in science class and they are barely exposed to the opportunities of proposing/developing inquiry questions. Middle school earth science preservice teachers participated in this study (N=36) and their abilities of developing inquiry questions were surveyed. Participants' abilities of developing inquiry questions were investigated whether they were enhanced with activities using the Inquiry Questions Development Guide (IQDG). Also, this study was interested in whether there was any relationship between abilities of developing inquiry questions and designing inquiry investigation. The results of this study were as follows; first, the level and preciseness of inquiry questions and its preciseness developed by participating teachers were enhanced after experiencing IQDG. In addition, teachers' dominating inquiry question-types were two: one is a 'relationship-inquiry question' in which students could discover the relationship between results found in the given experimental situations and the other one is a 'why-how inquiry problem' in which students could explore a cause or a process that results in the outcomes. Finally, the higher level of and preciseness the of inquiry questions were identified as an important factor the determined teachers' abilities of designing more logical investigation. A process of proposing/developing inquiry question was identified as one of the most important processes contributing to a success of scientific inquiry investigation.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.35 no.1 s.97
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• pp.36-44
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• 2002

The spatial and temporal trends of water qualities in Lake Soyang was statistically analyzed in this study. The water qualities include nutrients, ionic contents and chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) measured during 1993${\sim}$2000. The rainfall intensity and runoff from the catchment appeared to play an important role in water quality trends in the lake. According to seasonal Mann-Kendall test, conductivity, TP, and Ctl-a did not show any trends of increase or decrease over the 8 year period, while TN declined slightly. It was found that the variation of TP was a function of interannual inflow and rainfall. In the analyses of spatial trend, conductivity, based on the mean by site, showed a downlake decline over the eight year period. Minimum conductivity was found in the headwaters during summer monsoon of July to August and near the dam during October. This result indicates a time-lag phenomenon that the headwater is diluted by rainwater immediately after summer monsoon rain and then the lake water near the dam is completely diluted in October. During summer period, TP and TN had an inverse relation with conductivity values. Concentrations of TP peaked during July to September in the headwaters and during September in the downlake. Also, TN increase during the summer and was more than 1.5 mg/L regardless of season and location, indicating a consistent eutrophic state. Values of Chl-a varied depending on location and season, but peaked in the midlake rather than in the headwaters during the monsoon. Regression analyses of log-transformed seasonal Chl-a against TP showed that value of $R^2$ was below 0.003 in the premonsoon and monsoon seasons but was 0.82 during the postmonsoon, indicating a greater algal response to the phosphorus during the postmonsoon. In contrast, TN had no any relations with Chl-a during all seasons.

• 한국정보교육학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2004.01a
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• pp.458-467
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• 2004

본 연구 개발은 초등학교 예비 교사에게 국어과 ICT 교수 학습에 대한 이해와 과정안 개발 및 수업에서의 활용 능력을 길러주고, 아울러 향후 ICT를 활용한 국어과 교육을 교육과정에 반영할 경우 제기될 수 있는 문제점을 짚어보고 개선 방안을 모색하는 데 그 목적을 두었다. 연구 개발의 내용은 국어과 ICT 활용 교육 관련 문헌 및 자료 탐색, 자료 및 수업 운영 실태 분석, 국어과 국어과 6학년 1, 2학기 180차시에 대한 학습 내용 및 목표 분석과 국어과 6학년 1, 2학기 180차시에 대한 ICT 교수 학습 과정안 개발, ICT 교수 학습과정안 개발 결과물의 수정 검토 및 서버 탑재, ICT 교수 학습 과정 개발 과정의 교육과정 적용 방안 모색이다. 본 연구 개발을 위하여 2003년 2학기 강좌인 '국어과 교재 연구(2학점)'와 통합하여 교수 학습 과정안 개발을 추진하였다. 본 강좌에서는 과정안 개발에 필요한 모형 안내, 과정안 작성 방법 지도, ICT 활용 수업의 분석, 과정안 개발에 필요한 컴퓨터 소양 교육이 이루어졌으며 과정안의 개발은 학기 과제로 추진하였다. 본 연구 개발 과제의 수행을 통하여 최종적으로 국어과 6학년 ICT 교수 학습 과정안 180차시와 연구 보고서 1종을 산출하였다. 본 연구 개발의 성과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 예비 교사에게 국어과 ICT 교수 학습 모형 및 과정안에 대한 이해를 높이고 교수 학습 과정안의 작성 능력을 길러주었다. 둘째, 연구 보고서에 제시된 국어과 ICT 자료 개발 및 활용 실태, 예비 교사의 ICT 교수 학습 과정안 개발을 위한 강의 계획과 개발을 위한 실제 지도 과정은 향후 관련 강의나 연구를 설계하고 교육과정을 마련하는 데 도움을 줄 수 있다. 셋째, 예비 교사들이 개발한 자료는 현장 교사들이 국어과 수업을 운용하는 데 활용할 수 있다. 본 연구 개발 결과 드러난 문제점과 보다 나은 연구와 강의를 지향하기 위한 개선 방안을 제시하여 보면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 예비 교사의 특성과 개발 내용에 비추어 볼 때 ICT 교수 학습 과정안 개발 기간이 짧았다. 따라서 강의 시수를 늘리는 방안, 관련 강좌를 추가로 개설하는 방안, 기존 강좌를 통합하여 운영하는 방안을 고려해 보아야 한다. 둘째, 예비 교사의 수준을 고려할 때 여러 가지 '부가 자료'를 포함하는 ICT 교수 학습 과정안을 1인 1차시씩 개발하도록 하는 것은 학생들에게 상당한 부담을 안겨 주었다. 대안으로는 개발 관련 강자를 1년 단위로 계획하여 운용하는 방법, 학생 4-5명 당 1차시씩 개발하도록 하는 방법, ICT 교수 학습 과정안 자체만 개발하고 학습지, 교사연구자료, 자율학습 자료 등은 생략하는 방법 등이 있다. 셋째, 학생들의 컴퓨터 소양 기능이 부족한 상태에서 ICT 교수 학습 과정안 개발을 과제로 부과할 경우 좋은 결과물을 기대할 수 없다. 따라서 현재 교육대학의 교육 과정 편성 체제를 감안하면 컴퓨터 강좌와 교과 교육 강좌를 통합 강좌 형태로 운영하는 방법을 고려해 볼 만하다. 넷째, 교수 학습 모형의 경직성과 실제 교수 학습 변인을 고려한 활용이나 변형에 대한 탐구가 여전히 부족했다는 점이다. 앞으로는 이를 몇 가지의 모형 틀 속으로 자꾸 끓어 내려고 하는 것보다는 기존의 모형을 다양하게 변형할 수 있도록 그 틀을 열어줄 필요가 있다.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.350-364
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• 2014

Objectives This study was aimed to find the significant features of face form according to the Taeeumin and Soyangin by analyzing the three-dimensional face information data. Also, making standard face of the Taeeumin and Soyangin was an object of this study. Methods We collected three-dimensional face data of patients aged between 20~45 years old diagnosed by a specialist of Sasang constitutional medicine. The data were collected using a 3D scanner, Morpheus 3D(Morpheus Corporation, KOREA). Extracting a face feature point total of 64, was set to 332 pieces(height, angle, ratio, etc.) of each variable between feature points. ANOVA test were used to compare the characteristics of subjects according to the Taeeumin and Soyangin. Results When not to consider gender, the Taeeumin and Soyangin were different from the 18 items(3 items in the ear, 9 items in the eye, 1 item in the nose, 1 item in the mouth, 4 items in the jaw). When to consider gender, the Taeeumin and Soyangin men were different from the 6 items(1 item in the ear, 2 items in the nose, 3 items in the face). And the Taeeumin and Soyangin women were different from 17 items(1 item in the ear, 10 items in the eye, 2 items in the nose, 1 item in the mouth, 3 items in the face). Conclusions These results show Taeeumin's face(both men and women) width of the right and left is larger than the length of the top and bottom. Compared to men of Soyangin, men of Taeeumin has greater wings of the nose. Compared to women of Soyangin, women of Taeeumin has longer length of the eye. Soyangin's face(both men and women) length of the top and bottom is larger than the width of the right and left. Compared to men of Taeeumin, men of Soyangin has smaller wings of the nose. Compared to women of Taeeumin, women of Soyangin has more stereoscopic facial features at the top and bottom of the lateral face. Also, by accumulating three-dimensional face data, this study modeled the standard facial features by Taeeumin and Soyangin. These results may be helpful in the development of Sasang constitutional diagnostics utilizing the characteristics of the facial form at later.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.273-299
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• 2024

This is a qualitative research study in which three families focused on scientific culture and conducted the process of forming a family fandom using ethnography. The ultimate goal of science education is the "cultivation of scientifically literate persons.", The researcher examines families who regularly participate in informal science educational programs, such as those offered by the National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea, to understand the cultural ans sociological significance of these activities as part of their daily routines. This study analyzes and summarizes the experiences of three families in different home environments as to the completion of the family fandom through the process of self-sustaining cultural practice formation through family education activities, and science activities. This study found that the process tword completion is more meaningful than the completion itself, in the context of science, culture, family and fandom. The findings of this study are as follows: 1) The process of forming a family fandom began with the individual purpose of each family member. 2) The process of fandom formation was created in an organic relationship through the interaction between parents and children, and the self-sustaining cultural practice strengthened the bond and expanded the consensus on scientific culture. 3) Parents and children together share scientific culture, and unique culture in the form of sharing in their own cultural life as becoming scientifically literate people. The self-sustaining cultural practice of selecting and enjoying these scientific activities is not simple consumption of popular culture, but the role of parents as cultural designers. This has conducted experiential consumption as "refined (or sophisticated) cultural consumers," and family leisure activities as meaning production of family members so it has social and cultural implications that can be developed into a scientific culture.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.15 no.2 s.28
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• pp.9-27
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• 1994

This study is to analyze of senile disease status and the social problem according to increased old ages, and then to find distributions of old man's diseases and health status efficiency of oriental-occidental contemporary health examination. And it is the first oriental-occidental contemporary health examination of old man performed by JeonJu Woosuk University Oriental Medicine Hospital and Woosuk-Clinic in nation. Methods The objects in this research are 641's old man of KimJe Gun's over 60's years performed medical examination at JeonJu Woosuk University Oriental- Mmedicine-Hospital and Woosuk-Clinic by oriental-occidental medical contemporary exam., from 1994, 24th June till 1994. 13th July. The 1st occident medical examination methods were consisted of chest x-ray check. blood and urine exam., measurement of blood pressure, visual power and audiometry. The Oriental medical examination methods were consisted of four diagnostics (望,聞,問,切), present illness. chief complaint, past history, families history, social history by question and SA Sang constitution test index. The results and conclusions The results and conclusions are the next: 1. In order of distribution. the athletic disease (75.8%),the digestive disease(43.4%), the circulatory disease(41.5%), the respiratory disease(22.3%), EENT disease(8.1%), the endocrinopathy(5.6%), and the genito-urinary disease(5.3%) are the results of the object about 641's old man, by the oriental-occidental medicine's contemporay exam. 2. Distribution of disease distiction are lumbago. gastritis and peptic ulcer. knee joint pain. heart disease. hypertension. chronic bronchitis. asthma. anemia. DM. Tbc. visual disturbance. CVA. etc in order. 3. Disease distribution according to age is almost high incident in 60-75years. Disease incidence is decreased except E.E.N.T disease in over 76years. 4. The relationships of disease and family history are: the 25.0% of CVA pts. has family history and the 11.6% of hypertension pts has family history. so they showed high relative family history. In addition the 5.6% of TBC pts. and the 2.6% of DM pts. have family history. 5. The relationships of disease and drinking are: Drinking proportion is the 36.4% in respiratory disease pts. the 34.7% in hypertension pts. the 33.3% in heart disease pts.. the 28.4% in digestive disease pts.. but because of no surveying drinking amount we can't know the absolut relationships of disease and drinking. 6. The relationships of Disease and smoking are: Smoking proportion is the 44.1% in respiratory disease pts.. the 38.0% in Heart disease pts.. the 29.8% in Hypertension pts.. but because of no surveying of smoking amount. we can't know the absolut relationships of disease and smoking. 7. Distribution of Sasang constitution is : Tae-eum-in 44.8%. So-yang-in 30.7%. So-eum-in 24.6%. Tae-yang-in 0.0%. And disease distribution of Sasang constitution distinction is ; Tae-eum-in has high incidence of circulation disease(50.0%) and respiratory disease(23.1%).So-yang-in has high incidence of athletics disease(77.7%) and EENT disease(12.2%), So-eum-in has high incidence of digestive disease(65.8%). 8. Distribution of abnormal result in occidental medical examination and oriental-occidental contemporal exam result is considerably different. This is the reason of needing oriental medicine exam, for characteristics of Senile. I think that the oriental-occidental contemporary examination in old man is much more effecient than only occident medical examination. This oriental-occidental contemporary examination has many defects because it is the first practice. To participate in the public health program efficiently. I think that we must improve lots of problems and present the model of the oriental-occidental contemporary examination and the project of oriental medicine's for public health.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.221-230
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• 1997

In hydrology analysis, the result of a slope analysis for terrain have an very important effect on water quality and water quantity Recently, a slope analysis tend to use the digital elevation model rater than the traditional map sheet. But a terrain slope analysis by the digital elevation model depends on grid size of the digital elevation model. Hence the effect of a slope analysis by the digital elevation model is a important factor. In this study, therefor, in order to determine a hydrological parameter and a terrain parameter for simulation of the water quality and the hydrological property, we adapted two sample area that are the Nerin stream of the basin of the Soyang lake and a Osip stream of Samchuk, and its individual coverages are $640\;km^2$ and $33\;km^2$. Also to analyze the effect of grid size in the slope of a basin, we apply DEM changing a grid size respectively at intervals of 100 m from 100 m to 1.000m for the Nerin stream basin and at intervals of 10 m from 20 m to 300 m for the Osip stream basin.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.63-77
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• 1999

This research was intended to make the writer and the written times of "Dongyi Suse Bowon Sasang ChobonGuen" clear. Considering the contents of "Dongyi Suse Bowon Sasang ChobonGuen", it was the manuscripts of "Dongyi Suse Bowon". So it was written by Lee Je-ma and it was written when he was in the late of 40s and the beginning of the 50s. The chapter of "The origin of human being" was the manuscript of the "Dongyi Suse Bowon" and it had many clues to understand the view points to recoginze the human being, and the chapter of "The herbology and The prescription" had many drafts of original prescription of the "Dongyi Suse Bowon". 'Bangang-tang' is the original prescription of 'GyejiBanhaSnggang-tang' of "Dongyi Suse Bowon" and 'GumiChyunMunDong-tang' is the original prescription of 'CheongsimYeonja-tang' of "Dongyi Suse Bowon". Compared with the 'The pharmacology' of "Dongyi Suse Bowon", it showed the order when the pharmacology of each constitution was completed. The pharmacology of Soyangin was completed the early ears of his c1inical experience, and secondly that of Taeumin was completed, and that of Soeumin was completed in the end.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.253-267
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• 1998

'Maek(麥)' which means a barley at present is used as a general name of the kinds of 'Maek(麥)' including barley, what, rye, and so on. However 'Maek(麥)' had meant a wheat when the letter of 'Maek(麥)' had been created at the beginning. And gradually 'Maek(麥)' has been used as a word for the both meaning of a wheat and barley, and now a days become a word only for the meaning of a barley. Therefore 'Mo-Maek' should be translated into 'a wheat and barley', although it is translated into only a barley. In Korea, according to 'Nong-ga-wol-ryung(農家月令)' of Ko, Sang-un(高尙顔) in 1619, the vernalization had been utilized practically 300 years earlier than the Western countries. It is based on a concept of the oriental medicine that a 'Maek(麥)' of the spring seedtime, which keeps the only warmth('Won-yeol-ji-ki(溫熱之氣) (陽氣)' during the growth period in spring-summer time, has less vigorous than a 'Maek(麥)' of the autumn seedtime, which keeps the cold, hot, warmth equally 'Yeol-won-yang-han-ji-ki(溫熱凉寒之氣) (陽氣+陰氣)' during the growth period in the four seasons. If a autumn seedtime barley but which is actually not sowed on time in autumn season is sowed in the spring after the treatment of cold condition (陰氣 autumn-winter condition) artificially, it would be avoided from the abnormal phenomenon that a barley could not come to fruition in case of non-treated seed. Thus as a result of this the agricultural productivity has been able to be improved. An barley is recommended as a food for Um-chung-ji-ki(陰淸之氣) to be served as Bo-myung-ji-ju(保命之主) to be Soyangin. And a wheat which is used as an ingredient of bread because of its expanding feature is a suitable food for Ho-san-ji-ki(呼散之氣) to be served as Bo-myung-ji-ju(保命之主)to the Taeumin.