• Journal of Distribution Research
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.41-65
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• 2003

The objectives of this study are to investigate how the difference of consumer behavior between the expected and unexpected price discounts(increases), and mental accounting process affect spending account. Key findings of the study are as follows. First, it is shown that consumer would regard a windfall gain caused by the expected price discount and unexpected one as a different thing(gain}, Second, this study shows that if consumers are presented the price discount on the former purchased item in the case consumers purchase two kinds of items together, they would prefer spending more money on the later item to spending more money on the discounted item. Third, it is shown that consumers are willing to do a planned purchase when they find a store's price raise before arriving at a store(expected increasing) rather than after arriving at a store(unexpected increasing). The theoretical as well as practical implications were also discussed.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.349-362
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• 2012

This paper explores differences demonstrated by changes of consumers' clothing expenditure in Korea and the United States since the mid-1990s. Evidence for this study was extrapolated from annual data provided by the Household Expenditure Survey, which was carried out in Korea between 1996 and 2008, and the Consumer Expenditure Survey, which was carried out in the United States during the same time period. The results include: (1) The proportion of the clothing expenditure decreased during the subject period in both Korea and the United States; (2) The decrease in proportional clothing expenditure was greater in Korea than in the United States; (3) Although the relative prices of clothes decreased greatly during this period in both countries, it was determined that the decrease in clothing prices in the United States was greater when compared to those in Korea; and (4) By using the DID(Difference in difference) model, the author contends that a decrease in clothing purchases contributed to the decrease of prices for clothing in the United States, while in Korea, the decrease in prices for clothing was also impacted by other factors including changes in household expenditures for education and communication.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.83-97
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• 2002

This study estimates the consumption needs of preretired households through target replacement ratio approach. Based on the Life Cycle Model, this study used the household expenditure function to derive the target replacement ratio appropriate for each household. The target replacement ratio is estimated using the 1996 National Survey of family Income and Expenditure by National Statistical Office. The estimated target replacement ratio was 82.4% for married couple households, and 85.1% for single households. Total retirement consumption needs during entire retirement period was 161,620,000 won for married couple households, and 50,532,039 won for single households.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.9-16
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• 2015

As electricity is an indispensable input to human's existence and industrial production, economic benefits arise from consumption. The economic benefits of the electricity consumption are useful information in various fields of electricity-related policy. Therefore, this study attempts to value the economic benefits from electricity use. The economic benefit of electricity consumed is the area under the demand curve which made of the sum of the actual consumer expenditure and the consumer surplus. Consumer expenditure can be easily observed but the information on price elasticity of demand is necessarily required to compute consumer surplus. This study derives the estimates for price elasticities through literature review. The price elasticities of the electricity demand for residence, industry, and commercial are estimated to be -0.332, -0.351, and -0.263, respectively. Because the consumer surplus of the electricity consumption for residence, industry, and commercial are computed to be 191.54, 143.44, and 231.91 won per kWh, respectively. Given that average prices of electricity use were 127.02, 100.70, and 121.98 won per kWh for the year 2013, the economic benefit are calculated to be 318.56, 244.14, and 353.89 won per kWh, respectively. We can convert the values to 321.96, 246.75, and 357.67 won per kWh in 2014 constant price, respectively, using consumer price index. They can be used in the economic feasibility analysis of a new electricity supply project.

• Journal of Labour Economics
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.57-78
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• 2016

This study analyzes economic behaviors of government employee pension subscriber's household by comparison to national pension subscriber's household. First, government employee pension subscriber's household income is higher than national pension subscriber's one. Second, household net assets of government employee pension subscriber are smaller than the ones of national pension subscriber. Government employee pension could crowd out private household savings, and a national pension subscriber's household inherited more than a government employee pension subscriber's. Third, a government employee pension subscriber's household is also likely to expend more than a national pension subscriber's household. Both summary statistics and fixed effects estimates give significant coefficients to government employee's dummy. Government employee pension subscriber's households do not need to save more because they expect to receive a stable retirement pension which gives relatively higher compensation. Thus, they are likely to consume more than national pension subscriber's households.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.325-338
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to analyze service factors, particularly physical environment factor, that influence consumer satisfaction, and to identify how coffee consumption behavior is affected in relation to an increase in consumer satisfaction. For the study, factor and regression analyses were employed. As a result, five factors were derived relating to physical environment, while four factors impacted on consumer satisfaction. In addition, the three factors extracted from consumption behavior were influenced by consumer satisfaction. Additional discussion and implications for future study were provided.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.229-237
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• 2016

The purpose of this paper is to empirically identify whether unit bias exists or not under the flat rate pricing in the Korean mobile telecommunication market and to give the desirable form of pricing plans for minimizing this irrational behaviors. Our results show that with the flat rate pricing consumers tends to make more voice or data traffic over their optimal consumption level, meaning the existence of unit bias in the Korean mobile market. These results imply that under the current pricing plans subscribers may pay higher monthly fee than their optimal cost which maximizes their utility, for using the telecommunications service. Thus, policy makers need to consider adopting mobile operators' segmentation of the flat rate pricing plans for the reduction of subscribers' telecommunications costs and the improvement of consumer welfare.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.25 no.1 s.85
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• pp.1-13
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• 2007

The determinansts of expenditure spent on medical care and the ratio of medical care spending to consumption expenditure were investigated using the 2002 House Income and Expenditure Survey by the Korea National Statistical Office, which consisted of a sample of 918 elderly households. There were significant differences in expenditure on medical care and the ratio of medical care spending to consumption expenditure between elderly and nonelderly households. Age, education, overspending were significant factors that determine the expenditure on medical care and the ratio of medical care spending to consumption expenditure. Overspending is the most important factor related to expenditure on medical care and the ratio of medical care spending to consumption expenditure.

• Economic Analysis
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.61-96
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• 2021

This study is to structurally examine the regional income disparity in Korea. It measures the regional income inducement by household consumption expenditure per unit income, and the regional interdependency of income using 2005 and 2015 Regional Input-Output Tables of 16 provincial regions of Korea. The results are as follows. Firstly, the income inducement by consumption expenditure per unit income decreased overall, mainly due to the decrease in the income inducement of other regions than due to that of their region. Secondly, in many regions, the inter-relational income dependency per unit income decreased also, this too, mainly due to the decrease in the income transfer to other region. And, the income inducement effects of consumption expenditure per unit income of Seoul and Gyeonggi, which occupy a large portion of the Korean economy, were lower than that of other regions, but took the largest portion of income inducements generated by other regions as well as by themselves and absorbed the income transfers from other regions the most. The higher income inducement and income absorption in Seoul and Gyeonggi by consumption expenditure of other regions were mainly because of the high share in service of their consumption structure, the progress in tertiarization of their industrial structure, and the high wage portion. These results also mean that viewed from the regional interdependency of income, the income of Seoul and that of Gyeonggi are highly dependent on the income of other regions. Especially, Gyeonggi which leads the overseas exports of high-tech based manufactured products, has other external factors that contribute to their high income inducement, whereas, Seoul which shows high income absorption using its inter-relations with other domestic regions based on the services, has an income-generating structure that is sensitive to other regions' economic situation. Amid overall declines in regional income inducements and in income transfers, and continuing concentrations into Seoul and Gyeonggi regions, to alleviate the regional disparity, the regional industry policies should, rather than benchmarking the policies of the two concentrated regions, enhance their own inter-regional relationships by strengthening the comparative advantage of their regionally specialized industry.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.205-220
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• 2020

This study investigated whether there was a difference in off-line consumption behavior on and off-line. Online surveys were conducted on 218 people aged 20 to 59 who live in the country actively using Instagram, and the results of analysis through technical statistical analysis, logistic regression analysis, and linear regression analysis are as follows. There are some differences in the consumption items and expenditures of showing consumption behavior on Instagram and showing consumption in real space. In addition, there were different factors influencing the behavior of showing off in Instagram and the factors affecting the showing of consumption in real space. Age, education, and narcissism have an effect on show off behavior in Instagram, whereas age, materialism, and narcissism have been identified as factors influencing in real space. Whether on Instagram or in the real space, the positive emotions felt by consumers after showing off consumption had a statistically significant effect on consumer happiness. This study has significance in that it has empirically verified the difference between Instagram and actual consumption behaviors, and sought the direction of healthy consumption behaviors for consumer happiness.