• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.828-834
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• 2012

The present study has been conducted to investigate the effects of feeding seleniferous whole crop barley (WCB) to finishing pigs on their growth performance, blood and carcass characteristics as well as on tissue selenium deposition. A total of 40 cross-bred barrows ((Landrace${\times}$Yorkshire)${\times}$Duroc) were allotted to five replicates of four treatments. Each replicate was arranged to 2 pigs per pen; the experimental period lasted for 6 weeks. The finishing pigs were fed diets containing 0.1 (non-seleniferous WCB as a control), 0.2, 0.4 and 0.6 ppm of selenium (Se) by supplementing the diets with seleniferous WCB. The isonitrogenous and isocaloric diets containing 5% non-seleniferous or seleniferous WCB were formulated. Feeding seleniferous WCB did not affect (p<0.05) the feed intake and BW gain. Total blood lipid concentration was significantly (p<0.05) decreased with increasing Se levels. Total blood cholesterol concentration for the control was significantly (p<0.05) higher than that for 0.4 and 0.6 ppm of Se treatments. Increasing the Se levels in WCB significantly (p<0.05) decreased blood triglyceride concentration; however, the levels increased immunoglobulin G and selenium concentrations. Feeding seleniferous WCB did not affect the carcass rate, backfat thickness and meat quality as well as yield grades. The Se concentration in the kidney, liver and loin were significantly (p<0.05) increased with increasing levels of seleniferous WCB. The results indicated that feeding seleniferous WCB may improve the blood characteristics related to lipid metabolism and thus, could produce selenium-fortified pork. Moreover, it is shown that the dietary optimal selenium level to depose selenium in porcine tissues by utilizing seleniferous WCB would be 0.4 mg of Se/kg of ration. Moreover, when 100 g of pork produced from pigs raised under such condition is served to consumers, it meets the minimum recommended daily requirements (40 ${\mu}g$) of dietary selenium proposed by the World Health Organization (1996).

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.388-395
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• 2019

The object of the present study was to examine the effect of selenium-treated Spinacia oleracea L. on antioxidative defense system and oxidative damage in rats fed high-fat and high-cholesterol diets. Experimental rats were divided into six groups which were composed of normal diet group (N), high-fat and high-cholesterol diet group (HF), high-fat and high-cholesterol diet with 5% or 10% non-treated spinach supplemented group (SPA or SPB) and high-fat and high-cholesterol diet with 5% or 10% selenium-treated spinach-supplemented group (SSA or SSB). In the antioxidant enzyme activities of hepatic glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase, activities increased in supplementation of non-treated or selenium-treated spinach groups compared to HF group. However, there was no significant difference in the activity of hepatic catalase among all experimental groups. The microsomal superoxide radical content of the SSB group was significantly reduced compared to the HF group. The mitochondrial carbonyl values of the SSB group were significantly reduced compared to the HF group. Thiobarbituric acid reaction substance (TBARS) values in RBC and liver were also reduced in non-treated or selenium-treated spinach-supplemented groups compared to the HF group. The hepatic TBARS values of the supplementation of selenium-treated spinach groups significantly decreased compared to the supplementation of non-treated spinach groups. These results suggest that selenium-treated spinach may reduce oxidative damage by the activation of antioxidative defense system in rats fed high-fat and high-cholesterol diets.

• Journal of Practical Agriculture & Fisheries Research
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.97-108
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• 2005

This study was carried out to determine effects of the feeding length of spent mushroom composts from selenium-enriched mushroom (Se-SMC) on muscular selenium deposition in finishing Hanwoo steers. A total of 30 steers were allotted to an experiment with a 3 × 2 factorial arrangement. Treatments were 2 groups of with and without Se-SMC at three different feeding lengths (2, 4, and 6 months) by body weight (BW). And then dry matter intake, body weight gain, Se concentration and/or content in blood and/or muscle were investigated. Dry matter intake was not affected by feeding length and Se-SMC supplementation. As the feeding length was prolonged, initial and final BW was significantly lowered (p<0.01) with no Se-SMC effect. However, total BW gain was significantly increased (p<0.0001) with increasing feeding length with no effect of Se-SMC. Se-SMC supplementation significantly increased Se concentration in whole blood, but there was no effect on feeding length. Se contents in muscles, especially hind-leg, were significantly increased (p<0.05) as the feeding length was increased. However, there was no difference for Se content between four and six months feeding groups of Se-SMC and also hepatic Se content was not affected by feeding length. On the contrast, hepatic Se content for Se-SMC group within each feeding length was significantly increased (p<0.001) compared with no Se-SMC supplementation. In conclusion, our results suggested that optimum feeding length of Se-SMC as a strategy for the production of Se-fortified beef might be approximately 4 months.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.269-277
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• 2010

Selenium is an essential micronutrient for normal body function and functions as an essential constituent of selenoproteins. This study was carried out to investigate effect of selenium on the formation of colonic aberrant crypt foci (ACF) and tumor formation in a mouse model. Five-week old ICR mice were acclimated for one week and fed different selenium diet (0.02, 0.1, and 0.5 ppm) for 12 weeks. Animals received three intraperitoneal injections of azoxymethane (10 mg/kg B.W. in saline for 3 weeks), followed by 2% dextran sodium sulfate in the drinking water for a week. There were four experimental groups, including a normal control group and three different selenium levels groups. After sacrifice, the total numbers of aberrant crypt (AC) and ACF were measured in the colonic mucosa after methylene blue staining. The number of tumors was noted for tumor incidence. Liver selenium concentration was measured using ICP-AES method. Gutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity was determined using a GPx assay kit in the liver and colon. TUNEL assay and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) staining were performed to examine the cell apoptosis and cell proliferation, respectively. Immunohistochemistry of $\beta$-catenin was also performed on the mucous membrane tissue of colon. The activity of GPx in the liver and colon was decreased in the selenium-deficient diet group while it was increased in the selenium-overloaded diet group. Apoptotic positive cells were increased in the selenium-overloaded diet group but decreased in the selenium-deficient diet group. PCNA staining area was decreased in the selenium-overloaded diet group. In addition, the $\beta$-catenin protein level in the selenium-deficient diet group was increased but decreased in the selenium-overloaded diet group. These results indicate that dietary selenium might exert a modulating effect on colon cancer by inhibiting the development of ACF and colon tumor formation in this mouse model.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.119-125
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• 2024

The purpose of this study is to examine the radioprotection effect of mixtures of selenium and arginine for development of radioprotection agents that can minimize radiation damage to police special operation unit in the event of radioactive terrorism. In this study 72 male rats were classified into 4 groups: normal group(NC Group), selenium and arginine mixtures administration group(SeAr Group), radiation exposure group(IR Group), and selenium and arginine mixture administration group followed by radiation exposure(SeAr+IR Group). The 7Gy of X-ray was irradiated to whole body of SD rats. And selenium and arginine were dministered orally at 3mg/kg and 150mg/kg once a day for 14 days. And then hematological and histological analyzes were performed on days 1, 7, and 21 after radiation exposure. In hemotological analysis, significant radioprotection wes observed in lymphocytes(p<0.05) on day 1, platelet(p<0.01) on day 7, red blood cell(p<0.01) on day 21 of radiation exposure in SeAr+IR group compared to IR group. In histological analysis, it was observed that the border of small crypt cells in the small intestine was less collapsed and the length of small crypts was relatively recovered on day 7 and showed that the number of cells and cell wall thickness were better in the prostate on day 21 in SeAr+IR group compared to IR group. Therefore, it is judged that selenium and arginine mixtures have radioprotection effect on blood and tissues due to radiation exposure. it will be helpful for research on radioprotection agents to reduce radiation damage to police special operation unit.

• Journal of Practical Agriculture & Fisheries Research
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.109-117
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• 2005

This study was carried out to determine effects of the feeding length of spent mushroom composts from selenium-enriched mushroom (Se-SMC) on meat quality and carcass characteristics in finishing Hanwoo steers. A total of 20 steers were used in this trial with four treatments. Treatments included control (no Se-SMC), Se-SMC groups of three different feeding lengths (2, 4, and 6 months). After the completion for each feeding length, steers were slaughtered and then loin muscle (Longissimus dorsi) was sampled to evaluate meat quality characteristics. Chemical compositions of the loin, except for protein content, were not different across treatments. Protein content was highest in 6 months feeding groups, however, it was lowest in 4 months. Physical property and meat color (L*, a* and b* values) were not affected by the feeding length of Se-SMC. However, water holding capacity (WHC) for Se-SMC feeding treatments was significantly more improved (p<0.05) in comparison with the control group, showing 63.8 (2 months), 64.4 (4 months), 64.2 (6 months), and 59.5% (control), respectively. Grades for meat quality and quantity, and carcass characteristics were not affected by feeding length of Se-SMC. Our results showed that Se-SMC supplementation was not significantly associated with parameters for meat quality and carcass characteristics. However, as feeding Se-SMC lengthens, WHC for loin was more improved, suggesting that the improved WC may result in the expression of antioxidant effect.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.384-388
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• 2001

The selenium (Se) contents of 20 herbs, harvested in three areas in Korea, were analyzed. Many herbs had no Se. Angelica ($138.4{\mu}g \;Se{\cdot}kg^{-1}$ FW), caraway ($167.8{\mu}g \;Se{\cdot}kg^{-1}$ FW), chamomile ($116.6{\mu}g \;Se{\cdot}kg^{-1}$ FW), marjoram (158.7 and $132.6{\mu}g\;Se{\cdot}kg^{-1}$ FW), and oregano ($62.5{\mu}g\;Se{\cdot}kg^{-1}$ FW) accumulated Se as higher concentration compared with other plants. The Se content of herbs was dependent on the species, cultivars and areas. The status of Se uptake by herbs was investigated according to Se concentrations in hydroponics. During four weeks, before harvest of several herbs in greenhouse, sodium selenate ($Na_2SeO_4$) was added to the nutrient solution at concentrations of 2, 4, 6, and $8mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$. Field-mint accumulated Se too high, but external symptom of Se toxicity was not found. Essential oil content was generally proportionated to treated-Se concentration. The essential oil contents in basil and balm increased two to three times higher by sodium selenate treatment compared to non-treatment, but they did not show any linear relationship between essential oil contents and treated-Se concentration.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.430-435
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• 2005

Current study was conducted to investigate the effect of organic selenium supplementation originated from mushroom culture medium on meat quality of Hanwoo sleets. The result showed that organic selenium supplementation of 0.9 ppm (DM based ratio) for 2 (T1), 4 (T2) and 6 (T3) months had no effect on moisture content in longissimus muscle, with 63 to $66\%$ compared to non-supplemented control group Similarly, intramuscular fat content ranged from 11.7 to $16.4\%$ did not differ between the treatment groups (p>0.05). T3 group showed the highest protein content with $20.8\%$ while T2 group had the lowest content with $19.2\%$ The data indicated that organic selenium supplementation to the experimental concentration had indictable effect on proximate composition The treatments similarly had no influence on physical and biological characteristics of longissimus muscle, where cooking loss and shear force ranged from 20 to $21\%$ and from 3.6 to 4.4kg, respectively. On the other hand, muscle pH at 24 h postmortem showed 5.52, 5.57, 5.50, 5.50 for control, T1, T2 and T3, respectively, indicating that the longer feeding period resulted in the lower ultimate un A similar trend was observed from water-holding capacity (63.8, 64.4 and $64.2\%$ for T1, T2 and T3, respectively) which was significantly higher than con01 group of $59.5\%$ For sensory evaluation, juiciness did not differ between the treatment groups, but n and n (5.30 and 5.28, respectively) showed significantly tender mat Particularly, T2 group received significantly higher flavor score among the treatment groups including controls. The data indicated that organic selenium supplementation to the experimental concentration had no effect on beef quality, but the treatment effect on anti-oxidation function is remained for further studies.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.130-135
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• 1999

A graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS) with matrix modification has been used to determine trace amounts of arsenic, lead and selenium in rice flour samples. A mixed solution of palladium and magnesium nitrate was used as a matrix modifier to convert the analyte elements into a phase of higher thermostability and to increase the volatility of concomitants in graphite furnace. Matrix modification effects by the mixed solution were investigated for several elements (As, Cd, Cu, Pb, Se, Zn). It has been found that the matrix modifier substantially increase the pyrolysis and atomization temperature, and absorbance for As, Pb and Se. The concentration of As, Pb and Se in rice flour samples were determined by standard addition method with Zeeman background correction after microwave acid digestion. In this method the characteristic concentrations of As, Pb and Se are 26 ng/g, 18 ng/g, 24 ng/g on the basis of dry sample respectively.

• 대한예방의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1996.10a
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• pp.281-282
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• 1996