• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
• /
• v.7 no.5
• /
• pp.372-376
• /
• 1998

We developed a pulsed laser deposition(PLD) apparatus for depositing various thin films. In this study, the formation of $NbS_2$ thin film was performed in the vacuum chamber by PLD method. $Al_2O_3$(012) and Si(111) were used as the substrates. In order to investigate the growth conditions of a high crystalline $NbS_2$ thin film, the S/Nb composition ratio was varied from 2.0 to 5.25 and the substrate temperature was varied from the room temperature to $600^{\circ}C$. From the result of X-ray diffraction studies of the prepared $NbS_2$ thin films, it was reported that the $NbS_2$, thin film showed a good crystallinity at substrate temperature $600^{\circ}C$ and with S/Nb composition ratio 4.0 on $Al_2O_3$(012) but did not on Si(111). The films exhibited c-axis orientation.

• Elastomers and Composites
• /
• v.44 no.2
• /
• pp.98-105
• /
• 2009

The cochlea of the inner ear has two core components, basilar membrane and hair cells. The basilar membrane disperses incoming sound waves by their frequencies. The hair cells are on the basilar membrane, and they are the sensory receptors generating bioelectric signals. In this paper, a biomimetic technology using ZnO piezoelectric nano-pillar was studied as the part of developing process for artificial cochlea and novel artificial mechanosensory system mimicking human auditory senses. In particular, ZnO piezoelectric nano-pillar was fabricated by both low and high temperature growth methods. ZnO piezoelectric nano-pillars were grown on solid (high temperature growth) and flexible (low temperature growth) substrates. The substrates were patterned prior to ZnO nano-pillar growth so that we can selectively grow ZnO nano-pillar on the substrates. A multi-physical simulation was also conducted to understand the behavior of ZnO nano-pillar. The simulation results show electric potential, von Mises stress, and deformation in the ZnO nano-pillar. Both the experimental and computational works help characterize and optimize ZnO nano-pillar.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
• /
• v.1 no.1
• /
• pp.33-56
• /
• 1998

This study examines the characteristics of service economies and their impacts on the spatial transformation of Korea during the last IS years. This study reviews the different perspectives for the tertiarization Process. It focuses on the spatial variation in the growth and location of Producer service industries. Based on the analyses of industrial and occupational compositions, services. particularly producer services, have played a major role in creating new job opportunities since the late 1980s. The ratio of services to merchandise trade is approximately 1:4, but service trades have increased since the early 1990s. Producer service activities have grown very rapidly, and the information processing service has been over-concentrated in Seoul. Further headquarters of bank and insurance services are overwhelmingly concentrated into Seoul. The firms whose headquarters are located in Seoul have linkage Pattern on a nationwide scale. The pattern of employment growth in producer services shows a clear core-Periphery disparity. In the light of the observed pattern of regional differentiation in producer service employment, some wider implications of the distribution of producer service activities for regional economic Performance are considered.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
• /
• 2021.06a
• /
• pp.409-409
• /
• 2021

하천 내의 식생은 발달시기에 따라 휴지기, 성장기, 소멸기로 구분되며 각 시기에 따라 수위-유량관계곡선에 많은 전이가 발생한다. 이러한 식생의 성장과 소멸 뿐만 아니라 하도와 하안영역의 식생 군락의 밀도 증감에 따라서도 다양한 형태의 수위-유량관계곡선식의 전이가 발생한다. 식생의 성장기에는 식생의 밀도가 서서히 증가하여 수위-유량관계곡선식의 (-)전이가 발생하며, 식생의 소멸기에는 식생의 밀도가 서서히 감소하여 수위-유량관계곡선식의 (+)전이가 발생한다. 식생에 의한 수위-유량관계곡선식의 변동성은 식생의 성장과 소멸뿐만 아니라 하도와 하안영역의 식생 군락의 식생 밀도 역시 많은 영향을 끼치고 있다. 우리나라의 강우는 특정기간(6월~10월)에 집중되는 경향으로 인하여 식생의 성장과 소멸에 따른 수위-유량관계곡선식의 변동성 확인이 용이하였다. 그러나 최근 과거와 다른 형태의 강우패턴으로 인한 하천의 단면형상 변화로 인하여 하도와 하안영역의 식생영향이 감소하는 경향이 발생하고 있다. 이러한 단면변화로 인하여 하천 내의 하안영역과 식생 밀도 감소에 따른 수위-유량관계곡선식의 변동성이 발생하였다. 본 연구에서는 만경강 유역에 위치한 완주군(소양용연교)관측소를 대상으로 2018년과 2020년의 식생밀도와 식생 및 하도 모니터링을 통한 수위-유량관계 변화를 분석하였다. 2018년에는 식생의 활착, 성장, 소멸에 따라 다양한 기간분리가 발생하였으며, 2020년에는 식생의 활착, 성장, 소멸 뿐만 아니라 홍수 전후 식생 밀도 감소에 따른 기간분리가 추가로 발생하였다. 2020년은 과거와 달리 집중호우가 장기간(약34일)발생하였으며 그에 따라 홍수 전후 단면변화가 과거에 비해 매우 큰 것으로 확인되었다. 이로 인해 2018년과 2020년 측정성과 검토 결과 유사한 수위에서 약 3배의 유량차가 발생하였다. 결과적으로 본 연구에서는 하천 내의 식생밀도 변화로 흐름 특성이 변화하는 기간의 유량측정성과 확보를 통한 신뢰도 높은 수위-유량관계곡선식을 개발하였고 이를 통해 생산된 유량자료는 정확도가 매우 높은 것으로 분석되었다.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
• /
• v.37 no.5
• /
• pp.498-510
• /
• 2002

This study has the following two focuses to analyze the changes in national-level locational pattern of the U.S. professional sports franchises during 1950-2001. The first is to empirically clarify spatial orientation in the changing locational pattern of sports franchises. The second is to identify compared characteristics of the relocation cases reflecting the orientation to other cases, for the variables indicative of franchises' and leagues' pursuits of their relocation-related interests ultimately affecting franchises' relocations, by employing a legit model. As a result of the analyses, sports franchises and leagues, respectively have shown spatial orientation toward relocating to and toward locating new franchises in southern and western areas, responding to the changes in U.S. urbanization pattern. And, relocation cases reflecting the orientation have displayed a feature of the higher annual population growth rate in destination urban area than in origin area, in comparison to other cases.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
• /
• s.38
• /
• pp.237-258
• /
• 2015

This research aims to analyze gamer's behavior pattern on 'Blade for Kakao' RPG genre based on smart-phone. Three subjects were recruited using the concurrent protocol method to conduct ten episodes in region 1. As a result, it derived four behavior patterns according to the combination of space type affordance and the arrangement affordance of obstacle(monster). The result of this research revealed the forward attack arranged for the fixed obstacles in the wide space, the indirect attack as avoid-type arranged for scattered obstacles in the same space, the hunting up attack once arranged for the crowded obstacles in the same space, and the pulling attack arranged for obstacles in the narrow space. Moreover, it revealed the character growth and the optimization of attack method according to the attribute affordance of the obstacle(monster). This research expect to offer the design guideline for game level design to investigate the relationship between the game play and affordance in RPG genre based on smart-phone.

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
• /
• v.13 no.4
• /
• pp.1-8
• /
• 2002

As Internet grows, many web sites have been built, therefore much information has been registered. Because the web sites have more information, it is more difficult that the user can find the information wanted. Therefore, to get information that user wants easily, the full-text engine may be embedded to the web site. This paper is about developing the help conversational agent for a user to find the information that he wants through conversation with agent. The proposed method is based on the pattern matching of artificial intelligence, not natural language processing. If a user inputs any sentence, the help conversational agent responds to the sentence through preprocessing and pattern matching with knowledge. The knowledge is built with the XML format. With the approximate pattern matching, the agent picks up the appropriate response with some degree of similarities. At the experiment, some different sentences with the same meaning have been entered, then the agent recognized them as the same pattern, and it made a correct answer.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
• /
• v.58 no.1
• /
• pp.122-126
• /
• 2020

In this study, we produced the micropatterned channel system using polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and micromolding in capillaries (MIMIC) technology and evaluated cellular polarity signals through high-resolved imaging at the single-cell level. In cells treated with platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), three types of key signals in cell migration; phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3 K), Rac, and Actin, were strongly activated in the front area compared to the rear region, whereas myosin light chain (MLC) showed no notable activity in the front and rear areas. Our results will, therefore, provide important information and methodology for studying the correlation between cell polarity signals and cell migration under the newly defined microenvironment.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
• /
• v.18D no.3
• /
• pp.169-178
• /
• 2011

Recently, data sharing between enterprises or organizations is required matter for task cooperation. In this process, when the enterprise opens its database to the affiliates, it can be occurred to problem leaked sensitive information. To resolve this problem it is needed to hide sensitive information from the database. Previous research hiding sensitive information applied different heuristic algorithms to maintain quality of the database. But there have been few studies analyzing the effects on the items modified during the hiding process and trying to minimize the hided items. This paper suggests eFP-Tree(Extended Frequent Pattern Tree) based FP-Tree(Frequent Pattern Tree) to hide sensitive frequent itemsets. Node formation of eFP-Tree uses border to minimize impacts of non sensitive frequent itemsets in hiding process, by organizing all transaction, sensitive and border information differently to before. As a result to apply eFP-Tree to the example transaction database, the lost items were less than 10%, proving it is more effective than the existing algorithm and maintain the quality of database to the optimal.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
• /
• v.12 no.4
• /
• pp.34-47
• /
• 2009

Rapid urbanization is causing environmental and ecological damage, development thoughtless for the environment, and social and economical issues. It is important to grasp urban growth situations and characteristics, reflect them, and establish a policy for the solution of issues pursuant to urbanization and the sustainable and efficient development of national land. This research aims to be used as basic data in establishing an urban policy by analyzing the situations and characteristics of urban growth for the past 20 years in our entire country rather than an existing district. For this, some urban districts were sampled using a 1980s and 2000s version of land cover map produced by Ministry of Environment, and then pattern analysis for urban growth by administrative district ranks was conducted using GIS and a statistical technique. As a result, the development zone area after 1980s has increased by 2.5 times as compared to that before 1980s, and especially in the farm villages neighboring the national capital region, it has increased by 21.2 times. Special cities and metropolitan cities were developed at the districts being low in altitude, close to the principal road and the major downtown, high in road ratio, and restricted environmentally, ecologically and legally, and were diverted from mountains, forests and grassland to urban land. On the other hand, farm villages neighboring a large city, farm villages neighboring the national capital region, and local farm villages were developed at the districts being high in altitude, far from the principal road and the major downtown, low in road ratio, and not restricted environmentally, ecologically and legally, and were diverted from farmland to urban land. That is, it can be seen that urban development has been actively realized despite the unfavorable topographical conditions in the suburban districts due to lack of available land and various regulations and policies as urban growth around big cities expands.