• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.1-7
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• 2021

This study aims to enhance English pronunciation education for Korean students by examining the impact of standard Korean and Gyeongsang regional dialect on the articulation of English vowels. Data were obtained through the Korean-Spoken English Corpus (K-SEC). Seven Korean words and ten English mono-syllabic words were uttered by adult, male speakers of standard Korean and Gyeongsang regional dialect, in particular, speakers with little to no experience living abroad were selected. Formant frequencies of the recorded corpus data were measured using spectrograms, provided by the speech analysis program, Praat. The recorded data were analyzed using the articulatory graph for formants. The results show that in comparison with speakers using standard Korean, those using the Gyeongsang regional dialect articulated both Korean and English vowels in the back. Moreover, the contrast between standard Korean and Gyeongsang regional dialect in the pronunciation of Korean vowels (/으/, /어/) affected how the corresponding English vowels (/ə/, /ʊ/) were articulated. Regardless of the use of regional dialect, a general feature of vowel pronunciation among Korean people is that they show more narrow articulatory movements, compared with that of native English speakers. Korean people generally experience difficulties with discriminating tense and lax vowels, whereas native English speakers have clear distinctions in vowel articulation.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.309-317
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• 2022

It is reported that social distancing caused by the corona pandemic has resulted in a decrease in physical activity, and a decrease in muscle mass due to this increases the risk of vascular disease. Therefore, in this study, the risk of carotid intima media thickness was evaluated by measuring the thickness of CIMT, and the differences in variables according to gender were analyzed. From January 2022 to May 2022, a total of 220 people (121 males, 99 females) who performed blood tests, carotid ultrasound, and body composition analysis among those who visited the health check-up center of Busan H Hospital were included in this study. Significant differences in risk factors according to gender were analyzed using the chi-square test. The cut-off values of variables that can predict the risk of carotid intima media thickness were calculated, and the accuracy was evaluated by calculating the area under the curve, sensitivity, and specificity. As a result of the difference analysis, the higher the total cholesterol in men and the appendicular skeletal muscle index in women, the higher the risk of carotid intima media thickness. The cut-off value for predicting the risk of carotid intima media thickness was calculated to be greater than 199 mg/dL of total cholesterol in the male group and less than 5.9 kg/m² of the appendicular skeletal muscle index in the female group. As a result of this study, the higher the total cholesterol in men and the lower the appendicular skeletal muscle index in women, the higher the risk of increased CIMT. Therefore, in women, the appendicular skeletal muscle index is expected to serve as an indicator to predict and prevent vascular changes at an early stage.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.162-171
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• 2022

According to <2020 Industry character white paper> No.1 character products are toys, which are 58%, and every year. the Art-toy development is receiving attention. Because of this situation, the Art-toy market is growing, and the number of Art-toy artists and companies is also rising. As the Art-toy markets are growing variety of Art-toy needs to be created, and also need to analyze and researched about Art-toy. The Art-toy is primarily personified and is created based on a human proportion body figure. The research conducted a case analysis of Art-toys and a preference survey for general adult men and women through the head-to-head ratio, which is a measurement standard for human proportions. As a result, The Art-toy has an ideal shape ratio and crafting area according to the body ratio. As preference research from men and women, men show seven heads life-sized and women appeared to three heads life-sized figures are most popular. The two and three heads life-sized have a high preference, and the Art-toy case had a relationship. As the Art-toy case and research of preference help to develop the Art-toy design, and following this research will be used as basic data when creating or researching about the Art-toy in the future.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.55-65
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• 2022

The purpose of this paper was to investigate the relationship between cybersickness symptoms and visual function and to determine whether visual perception training is effective in reducing symptoms of cybersickness. The study subjects were healthy adult males who experienced the same virtual reality program for 15 minutes. Afterwards, the VR satisfaction score and cybersickness level were measured and classified into a comfortable virtual reality program viewer group (CVR group, 20 people) and an uncomfortable virtual reality program viewer group (UVR group, 20 people). Visual function test was performed on all subjects, and the vision therapy training program was applied to the UVR group once a week for 40 minutes 12 times, and then the visual function and SSQ questionnaire were re-evaluated. Subjects with diplopia were 55% in the UVR group and 5% in the CVR group, which was significantly higher in the UVR group, there were differences in stereopsis, exophoria, near point convergence(p<.01) and vergence function(p<.001) between the two groups. After vision therapy, changes in SSQ, stereopsis, near point convergence, and vergence function of UVR user group were positively changed(p<.01). Therefore, cybersickness symptoms are related to visual function, it seems that the vision therapy can be used as a way to alleviate the symptoms of cybersickness.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.54 no.3
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• pp.192-200
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• 2022

The association between heavy metals in the blood and obesity has been examined in many studies. However, inconsistencies have been observed in the results from these studies. The present study was conducted using data from 119,181 participants of the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) for 11 years in 2005 and between 2008 and 2017. The subjects with missing heavy metal blood tests, health interview data, and health examination data were excluded from the study. The study population comprised 1,844 individuals (972 men, 872 women) who were eligible for inclusion. It was found that obesity and abdominal obesity were associated with an increase in both blood mercury (P<0.001) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (P<0.001). After adjusting the confounding factors, those with concurrent high levels of ALT and the highest tertile of mercury showed an increased risk of obesity (odds ratio 4.46, 95%, confidence interval 2.23~8.90, P<0.001) as well as abdominal obesity (odds ratio 5.36, 95%, confidence interval 2.57~11.17, P<0.001). The interrelationship of mercury and ALT with the parameters of body mass index (P for interaction=0.009) and waist circumference (P for interaction=0.012), respectively, have been observed to be significant, suggesting that the reciprocal relationship could contribute to obesity and abdominal obesity.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.435-455
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• 2021

This study aimed to examine the effect of the income change and income level during the COVID-19 pandemic on individuals' depression, and to test how those associations may differ by gender. Participants consisted of 634 adults(M_age=44.18, SD_age=13.88, 313 females) recruited through an online research company. Participants completed a set of questionnaires that measured income change, average monthly income for the past six months, and the Korean version of CES-D. The results indicated that decreases in income, but not levels of income, significantly predicted levels of depression. Furthermore, both income change and income level interacted with gender to predict depression. Specifically, income change predicted depression only for males, while income level predicted depression only for females. These findings suggest that the effects of income-related indicators on depression during the pandemic may differ by gender. The study also offers practical implications by proposing gender as a potential factor to consider in early identification and intervention to prevent depression during the pandemic.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.475-503
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to clarify the constructs of emotion suppression and help understanding on the multidimensional nature of emotion suppression by classifying constructs for suppression according to the KMW model. Also, this study examined the gender differences of emotion suppression. For this purpose, 657 adult male and female subjects were evaluated for attitude toward emotions, and difficulty in emotional regulation, as well as depression, state anger and daily stress scale. As a result of the exploratory factor analysis on the scales related to the emotion suppression factors, the emotion suppression factors corresponding to each stage of the KMW model were found to be 'distraction against emotional information, 'difficulty in understanding and interpretation of emotions', 'emotion control beliefs', 'vulnerability on emotional expression beliefs'. Next, the study participants were classified by performing a cluster analysis based on each emotion suppression factor. As a result, four clusters were extracted and named 'emotional control belief cluster', 'emotional expression cluster', 'emotional attention failure cluster', and 'general emotional suppression cluster'. As a result of examining the average difference of male depression, depression, state anger, and daily stress for each group, significant differences were found in all dependent variables. As a result of examining whether there is a difference in the frequency of emotional suppression clusters according to gender, the frequency of emotional suppression clusters was high in men, and the ratio of emotional expression clusters was high in women. Finally, it was analyzed whether there was a gender difference in the effect of the emotional suppression cluster on psychosocial adaptation, and the implications were discussed based on the results of this study.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.305-320
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• 2023

Research on offense judgment differing by victim typicality has usually focused on sexual violence, and studies on victim typicality of dating violence remain scarce. However, the social concern for the recent increase of dating violence cases demands research on social stereotypes of dating violence victims, especially focusing on how they affect judgments of dating violence cases. We examined if judgment of dating violence cases differed by victim typicality. The results based on 160 adults (80 females and 80 males) showed that the higher the level of victim typicality, the more seriously the offense was evaluated. In addition, the level of offense seriousness mediated the relationship between victim typicality and judgment of offender responsibility and victim blame. The higher the level of victim typicality, the more seriously the offense was evaluated, and the bigger the offender responsibility and the less the victim was blamed. Finally, we discussed policy implications of the study for preventing secondary victimization in criminal proceedings and developing education programs for jurors.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.207-217
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to examine the physical and psychological effects of lifelong physical activity and the role of leader capacity, to provide practical basic data on intangible benefits and to suggest ways to activate the value of lifelong physical education. This study was conducted from September 1, 2018 to September 30, 2018, with a total of 206 questionnaires centering on men and women participating in sports in Jeollanam do. The two-step approach proposed by Anderson & Gerbing (1988) was used to examine the structural relationships between physical benefits, social benefits, mental benefits, self efficacy benefits, leisure cultural benefits, physical effects, mental effects, Respectively. The conclusions of this study are summarized as follows. First, physical and leisure cultural benefits have a positive(+) direct effect on leader capacity. Second, self-efficacy benefits, physical benefits, and leisure cultural benefits have positive direct effects on physical effects. Third, self-efficacy and leisure culture benefits have a direct positive effect on mental effects. Fourth, leadership competence plays a mediating role in the relationship between leisure cultural benefits and physical effects. In addition, it has a mediating role in the relationship between leisure cultural benefits and mental effects. In order to maximize the quantitative expansion and qualitative improvement of living sports and to enhance intangible value of participants in sports for all, the private capital investment such as the training of competent leaders, the development of various programs, and the investment support in the public sector, We hope that the role of the new welfare service delivery system shared with welfare will be provided.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.61 no.3
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• pp.198-203
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• 2023

Purpose. The aim of this study was to evaluate the proximal contact with a dental floss compared to a celluloid strip and a metal strip in normal dental arch and investigate what the most effective method for measuring is. Materials and methods. The subjects of this study was consisted with 20 healthy adults (10 males and 10 females) who had normal dentition. A dentist with more than 5 years of clinical experience evaluated the proximal contacts using a dental floss method, a celluloid strip method, and a metal strip method. Statistical analysis were performed by the use of Mann-Whitney U test. A P-value < .05 was considered statistically significant in all analysis. In addition, in the evaluation of proximal contact using a dental floss, the measurement of proximal contact using a celluloid strip and a metal strip was compared. Results. 80 % of all proximal contact was proper. Proper proximal contact was observed at the posterior area compared to the anterior area (P < .05). And male had proper proximal contact at the anterior area, female had proper proximal contact at the posterior area (P < .05). The consistency analysis between the results of the celluloid strip and the metal strip experiment on the results obtained from the floss using the consistency scale Kappa index shows that using celluloid strip is more advantageous than using the metal strip. Conclusion. Only 80% of all proximal contact was proper. Using celluloid strips with various thickness for evaluating of proximal contact is considered to be helpful for accurate measuring of proximal contact.