• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
• /
• v.11 no.2
• /
• pp.375-384
• /
• 2020

The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between drinking patterns and depressive mood, and to understand the factors associated with depressive mood among problem drinkers. Data of 19,878 adults over 19 years of age and older from the third Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were evaluated by multivariate logistic regression analysis. The risk of depressive mood was greater with higher level of problem drinking in both genders. For male problem drinkers, the factors associated with depressive mood include older age, lower education level, unemployment, high perceived stress, bad subjective health status, and non-married status. For female, higher risk was found in groups with the age of 40-49, lower education level, unemployment, high perceived stress, and bad subjective health status. By early screening of the identified risk factors, progression to mental health problem can be avoided. For preventative measures, differential approach depending on gender is suggested.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
• /
• v.50 no.2
• /
• pp.198-204
• /
• 2007

Purpose : The hope that arresting pubertal developement might increase final adult height has led to an attempt to use GnRH agonist (GnRHa) in children with early puberty and poor growth prognosis. We investigated the growth-promoting effect of GnRH agonists with or without growth hormone (GH) in girls with early puberty and decreased predicted adult height (PAH). Methods : Thirty five girls with advanced bone age and early pubertal signs were randomized for treatment for about 1 year with monthly GnRHa in group 1 (n=18), or with a combination of GH and GnRHa in group 2 (n=17). The following growth parameters were compared between groups, and the difference ($\Delta$) before and after treatment : chronological age (CA), bone age (BA), $\Delta$(BA-CA), height (HT), target height (TH), predicted adult height (PAH), $\Delta$ (TH-PAH), serum insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1) and insulin-like growth factor binding protein (IGFBP-3). Results : Before treatment, BA, TH, PAH Standard deviation scores (SDS), $\Delta$(TH-PAH) were not different between the two groups, but CA was higher in group 2 and $\Delta$(BA-CA) were higher in group 1 (P<0.05). After $1.06{\pm}0.93$ year of treatment, $\Delta$ (BA-CA) decreased and there were significant changes in PAH and $\Delta$ (TH-PAH), especially in group 2 (P<0.05 in group 1, and P<0.001 in group 2). In both groups, IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 were not different before and after treatment, but after treatment, IGF-1 level in group 2 was marginally higher than IGF-1 in group 1 (P<0.1). Conclusion : Compromised predicted adult height in girls with early puberty and advanced bone age was significantly improved with GnRH with/without GH treatment in the short-term period. The addition of GH to GnRHa results in a significant increase in PAH compared to GnRHa alone because GnRHa suppressed growth hormone-IGF-1 axis. For comparison of final adult height, further longitudinal follow-up will be needed.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
• /
• v.27 no.5
• /
• pp.515-520
• /
• 2002

연구목적 : Cytokine은 유해 미생물에 대한 숙주의 방어기전으로서의 염증반응에서 숙주세포 상호간의 작용을 매개해 주는 역할을 하며, 치수조직에서도 그 존재가 확인된 바 있다. Interleukin-6와 Interleukin-10은 염증의 초기에 작용하는 cytokine으로 알려져 있으나, 치수 및 치근단 질환에서의 역할과 상호작용에 대해서는 잘 알려져 있지 않다. 본 연구에서는 성인의 치수염이 있는 치아에서 Interleukin-6와 Interleukin-10의 농도를 측정하고 이를 정상 치수와 비교함으로써 이들의 치수염에서의 작용을 연구하는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 방법 : 총 60개의 성인 치아들을 대상으로 하였다. 치수염으로 진단된 치아들을 실험군으로 하였고, 정상 치수를 가진 치아들을 대조군으로 하였다. 발치한 치아에서 치수조직을 적출하였다. ELISA를 사용하여 적출된 치수조직 내의 Interleukin-6와 Interleukin-10의 양을 측정하였으며, 그 결과를 Mann-Whitney rank sum test를 사용하여 통계학적 유의성을 검증하였다. 조직학적 검사를 위해서는 발치된 치아에서 치수조직을 적출하여 헤마톡실린-에오신 염색을 시행한 후 관찰하였다. 결과 : 1. Interleukin-6의 농도는 실험군에서 대조군보다 유의하게 높게 나타났다(p<0.05). 2. Interleukin-10의 농도는 실험군에서 대조군보다 유의하게 높게 나타났다(p<0.05). 3. 조직학적 관찰 결과 실험군에서 림프구의 침윤과 부분적인 조직의 괴사 등 염증반응의 양상을 관찰할 수 있었다.

• Physical Therapy Korea
• /
• v.9 no.4
• /
• pp.61-68
• /
• 2002

본 연구는 하퇴의지 착용자와 정상 성인간의 시간-거리, 운동형상학 변수를 조사하고 비교하기 위하여 실시하였다. 연구 대상자는 외상으로 인한 하퇴 절단자로서 내골격식 하퇴의지를 착용하고 독립적으로 보행이 가능한 20명과 연령, 신장으로 짝짓기한 대조군(matched control group) 20명이 참여하였다. 보행분석은 Vicon Clinical Manager Software (VCM)를 내장한 PC에 5개의 카메라가 연결되어 있는 Vicon 512 Motion Analysis System (MAS, Oxford Metrics Inc.)을 이용하였다. 하퇴의지 착용군의 단하지 지지시간이 정상 성인군에 비해 유의하게 짧았으며(p<.05), 하퇴의지 착용군에서 슬관절의 선전이 증가되었으며 족관절의 저측굴곡이 감소되었다(p<.05). 하퇴절단자들의 보행개선을 위해서는 하퇴절단자 개인의 보행능력에 알맞은 부품의 선택, 체계적인 보행훈련 및 평가, 보행능력 향상을 위한 근력강화 프로그램 등 체계적인 재활훈련 프로그램이 필요한 것으로 사료된다. 본 연구는 연구대상자의 수가 제한되어 있으므로 연구의 결과를 일반화하기에는 제한점이 있으나, 향후 편측 하퇴절단자의 보행연구에 대한 기초 자료로 사용될 수 있을 것이라고 생각된다.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
• /
• v.10 no.7
• /
• pp.160-167
• /
• 2020

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of modified wall squat exercise after sacro-iliac joint mobilization on balance in normal adults. The total number of subjects was 34, and 17 were randomly placed in the experimental group(EG) and 15 in the control group (CG). The subjects in the EG have conducted the 3 sets of modified wall squat exercise after sacro-iliac joint mobilization per day, 3 times a week for 6 weeks and CG did not conducted the intervention. Comparing the EG's balance pre-test and post-test this study, there was a statistical significance in WDI, CD, AC and AD. In this study, it was confirmed that modified wall squat exercise after sacro-iliac joint mobilization affects balance in normal adults.

• Proceedings of the KSCN Conference
• /
• 2003.11a
• /
• pp.1071-1071
• /
• 2003

본 연구는 폐경전 성인여성들의 골격상태를 알아보고 신체계측 및 식이섭취실태가 골밀도에 미치는 영향을 평가하기 위해서 성인여성 61명을 대상으로 신체계측을 실시하고 24시간 회상법으로 영양소 및 주요 식품군의 식품섭취실태를 조사하고 DEXA를 사용하여 요추와 대퇴부 3부위의 골밀도를 측정하였다. 1) 대상자들의 평균 연령은 37세였으며, 평균 신장과 체중은 158.17cm, 54.55kg였으며, 평균 BMI와 WHR은 21.82, 0.78로 대상자들의 비만도는 정상이었다. 2) 평균 골밀도는 요추(L24) 1.04 g/$\textrm{cm}^2$, 대퇴경부 0.76g/$\textrm{cm}^2$, 대퇴전자부 0.66g/$\textrm{cm}^2$, 와드삼각부 0.69g/$\textrm{cm}^2$이었다. 3) T-score로 판정시 요추(L24)의 경우 골다공증군 3.28%, 골감소증군 14.75%, 대퇴경부의 경우 골다공증군 9.84%, 골감소증군 52.46%, 대퇴전자부의 경우 골다공증군 1.64%, 골감소증군 34.43%, 와드삼각부의 경우 골다공증군 6.56%, 골감소증군 45.90%였다. 4) 영양소중 칼슘(78.75%), 철분(69.75%) 및 비타민 A(92.17%) 영양소의 1일 평균 섭취량은 영양권장량보다 낮은 수준이었다. 5) 신체계측 및 영양소섭취량과 골밀도와의 상관관계분석에서 신체계측에서 체중(p < 0.05), 엉덩이둘레(p < 0.01), 제지방함량(p < 0.05), 총수분함량(p < 0.05)이 높을수록 요추골밀도가 유의하게 높았으나, 영양소섭취량은 골밀도와 유의한 상관성을 보이지 않았다. 6) 주요 식품군의 식품섭취실태와 골밀도와의 상관관계분석에서 버섯군의 식품섭취횟수(p < 0.05, p < 0.05)가 많을수록 요추(L3, L24)의 골밀도가 각각 유의하게 높았으며, 유지류군의 섭취식품수(p < 0.05)가 많을수록 와드삼각부의 골밀도가 유의하게 높았으나 곡류군의 섭취식품수(P < 0.01, p < 0.05, p < 0.05)가 많을수록 대퇴부 3부위 (대퇴경부, 대퇴전자부 및 와드삼각부)의 골밀도가 각각 유의하게 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 결과에서 폐경전 성인여성의 경우 요추보다는 대퇴부 3부위의 경우 골다공증이나 골감소증의 비율이 상대적으로 높았으며, 특히 대퇴경부에 있어서 골다공증이나 골감소증의 비율이 가장 높았음을 알 수 있다. 또한 요추와 대퇴부 3부위의 골밀도는 영양소섭취량과 유의한 상관관계를 보이지 않았으나 체중, 엉덩이둘레 등의 신체계측요인과 곡류군, 버섯군 및 유지류군 등의 주요 식품군의 식품섭취실태와 밀접한 상관관계를 보이고 있음을 알 수 있다. 따라서 성인여성에 있어서 골밀도손실을 예방하기 위해 평상시 적절한 체중유지와 아울러 식생활지침에 있어서 주요식품군별로 적절한 섭취식품의 수, 섭취량 및 섭취빈도에 대한 영양교육이 필요한 것으로 생각된다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• v.48 no.1
• /
• pp.46-57
• /
• 2015

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine an appropriate energy level of breakfast with less risk of chronic disease for Korean adults. Methods: Using data from the 2007~2009 Korean National Health & Nutrition Examination Survey, from a total of 12,238 adults aged 19~64, the final 7,769 subjects were analyzed except subjects who were undergoing treatment for cancer or metabolic disorder. According to the percent of breakfast energy intake versus their estimated energy requirement (EER), the subjects were divided into four groups: < 10% (very low, VL), 10~20% (low, L), 20~30% (moderate, M), ${\geq}30%$ (sufficient, S). All data were analyzed on the metabolic risk and nutritional state after application of weighted value and adjustment of sex, age, residential area, income, education, job or jobless, and energy intake using a general linear model or logistic regression. Results: The subjects of group S were 16.9% of total subjects, group M 39.2%, group L 37.6%, and group VL 6.3%. The VL group included more male subjects, younger-aged (19 to 40 years), urban residents, higher income, higher education, and fewer breakfasts eaters together with family members. Among the 4 groups, the VL group showed the highest waist circumference, while the S group showed the lowest waist circumference, body mass index, and serum total cholesterol. The groups of VL and L with lower intake of breakfast energy showed high percent of energy from protein and fat, and low percent of energy from carbohydrate. With the increase of breakfast energy level, intake of energy, most nutrients and food groups increased, and the percentage of subjects consuming nutrients below EAR decreased. The VL group showed relatively higher intake of snacks, sugar, meat and eggs, oil, and seasonings, and the lowest intake of vegetable. Risk of obesity by waist circumference was highest in the VL group by 1.90 times of the S group and the same trend was shown in obesity by BMI. Risk of dyslipidemia by serum total cholesterol was 1.84 times higher in the VL group compared to the S group. Risk of diabetes by Glu-FBS (fasting blood sugar) was 1.57 times higher in the VL group compared to the S group. Conclusion: The results indicate that higher breakfast energy level is positively related to lower metabolic risk and more desirable nutritional state in Korean adults. Therefore, breakfast energy intake more than 30% of their own EER would be highly recommended for Korean adults.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
• /
• v.34 no.3
• /
• pp.277-294
• /
• 2009

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the soft tissue changes of class II adolescents and adults in respect to extraction or nonextraction. The study included 68 patients from Wonkwang Dental Hospital were categorized to adolescent extraction group, adolescent nonextraction group, adult extraction group, adult nonextraction group. Cephalometric tracing of each patient was done to compare pretreatment and posttreatment of each group, to compare the changes between groups. And among the variables that showed significancy, correlation analysis and simple linear regression were done. The results were as follows. 1. In both adolescents and adults after extraction treatment, nasolabial angle significantly increased and in both subjects after non extraction treatment, nasolabial angle significantly decreased. 2. In extraction subjects, there were positive correlation between the amount of treatment changes of vertical-U1 and E line-upper lip, the changes of vertical-L1 and E line-lower lip, the changes of vertical-L1 and vertical-Li. 3. In extraction subjects, simple regression equations of E line-upper lip, E line-lower lip, Li were calculated by regression analysis. According to the results above, it could be considered that the effect of the extraction or nonextraction treatment was greater than the effect of growth.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
• /
• v.24 no.3
• /
• pp.125-133
• /
• 2017

Purpose: After the introduction of Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) vaccine in 1995 in Korea, it was included in the national immunization program in 2013. In the post-Hib vaccine era, some studies in other countries reported that invasive Hib disease affects adults, especially the elderly and immunocompromised persons, more often than it affects children. To evaluate disease susceptibility, quantitative and qualitative analysis of anti-polyribosylribitol phosphate (PRP) antibodies were carried out in Korean adults aged 20 to 85 years. Methods: Sera were collected from 39 healthy adults (20 to 50 years of age) and from 30 elderly adults (75 to 85 years of age) who did not have immune-compromising conditions. The concentration of anti-PRP immunoglobulin G (IgG) and serum bactericidal indices (SBIs) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and serum bactericidal assay. Results: Geometric mean concentrations of anti-PRP IgG and geometric mean SBIs were $0.88{\mu}g/mL$ (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.17 to 3.85) and 354 (95% CI, 50 to 2,499) in young adults and $1.67{\mu}g/mL$ (95% CI, 0.53 to 5.24) and 449 (95% CI, 146 to 1,376) in elderly adults, respectively. When the threshold of seropositivity for anti-PRP IgG was applied as 0.15 or $1.0{\mu}g/mL$, which is the protective antibody level in children, seropositive rates were 87.2% or 53.8% in young adults and 100% or 60% in elderly adults. The seropositivity rates of the SBI ($SBI{\geq}4$) were 82.1% and 100% in the groups, respectively. Conclusions: Most subjects in the adult and elderly adult groups display immunity to Hib based on quantitative and qualitative antibody levels, but not all. Because high immunization and low Hib circulation rates may reduce the natural Hib immunity in the population, monitoring Hib immunity as well as disease are needed continuously.

• Proceedings of the KOR-BRONCHOESO Conference
• /
• 1982.05a
• /
• pp.15.1-15
• /
• 1982

Clinical findings for 95 patients (159 ears) of MEE (middle ear effusion) treated at Wallace Memorial Baptist Hospital (Busan) from July 1979 to August 1981 were observed. A group who was treated with myringotomy and ventilation tube isertion was compared with another group of children treated with adenotonsillectomy at the same time. The following are the results: 1) The sex distribution showed 48 male and 47 female, and the age distribution was most common in the ages from six to ten (34 cases, 35%). 2) MEE of children treated with adenotonsillectomy in the same duration was 18 cases (14%), and it was 19% of all MEE patients. 3) Bilateral effusion (67%) was as twice as unilateral cases (33%). In children, bilateral effusion (42 cases, 88%) was predominant, and MEE in adenotonsillectomized children was bilateral in all cases. 4) The nature of middle ear fluid was 49% serous exudate, 33% mucoid exudate, 5% purulent and 3% bloody fluid. Serous exudate was 59% in adult group, but serous (41%) and mucoid exudate (43%) was similar incidence in children. 5) In the preoperative tympanogram, there were 6% with type A, 91% with type B, and 3% with type C. The incidence of abnormal tympanogram (type B or C) was same in MEE patients of adenotonsillectomized children (95%) and the other children group (95%), and it was 93% in adult group. 6) Treatment by myringotomy and ventilation tube insertion resulted in postoperative improvement in air conduction hearing acuity especially in adenotonsillectomized children.