• Korean Architects
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• no.4 s.360
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• pp.40-41
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• 1999

• 한국문화재보존과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.39-40
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• 2007

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.83-91
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• 2008

Recently, many urban traditional houses have been replaced by villas and apartments for the inconvenience of lifestyle. The aim of this study is to survey the present distribution condition, research the extension and alteration, focused on Korean urban traditional houses in Cheongju which is the old city in an inland area, and inquire into the behavior patterns of an aged living alone livelihood and a large household. As a result, in the typical 'ㄱ' types of central inland houses, all the rear and side parts are nearly extended except facades facing court, while the detached houses for an aged living alones and tenants have enlarged rooms, kitchen and 'Daecheong' within the existing wooden framework. We could grasp the enlargement of room, 'Daecheong', corridor, and storage in the layout of the existing house. There are so many alterations such as the stand-up kitchen and a water closet. A new extension on an old house was intensely built for tenants.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.11-18
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• 2015

This study is aimed to clarify the transitional characteristics of old roads and alleys lasting more than 100 years(1915-2015) in traditional urban area(Seongan-dong) of cheongju, historic inland and castle city of Korea. Cheongju castle had been completely destroyed In 1915, and urban structures been also altered last 100 years from 2015 now. Periodically, after destruction of castle, existing roads were extended and transformed to straight line for connecting with around. Expanding urban area to all directions of castle boundary in 1930-40s, town planning were created. These projects were completed in 1960-70s, the street network was built as they are. Since the 1980s, changes had been occurred in the details such as an extension of the unexecuted roads, the opening of fire lane in a block, and etc. In change and construction of roads, urban district plan in 1939 and reorganization since 1967 were planned and established with the type, location, and width of the large, medium and small roads based on data before destruction of castle. Except the width of 25m Sajikro(large3-1) and Sangdangro(large3-8,9,10), the width of 15m Namsaro(medium2-1) and Namjuro (medium2-4) as an extension of the roads, the other roads were small roads equivalent to the existing roads, and so remain intact figure of streetscape. As such, roads of east-west and north-south cross type, roads showing the outline of Cheongju castle fortress, and alleys outside the south gate are sustained in Seongan-dong of cheongju as historic urban area, and also present roads are delicately executed to the existing urban fabric.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.59-66
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• 2022

This study is to investigate the old buildings that have been built more than 50 years ago, targeting the areas of Seongan and Jungang-dong, the historic urban area of Cheongju. Their types and distribution characteristics are as follows. 1) First, the old buildings existing in downtown Cheongju account for 21.4% of 1,070 out of the total 5,000 buildings. Among them, wooden buildings before the 1950s accounted for 60% of them, resulting in severe aging. 2) Second, by use, 728 detached houses and 276 neighborhood living facilities account for 93.8% of the total, with 16 offices and 12 religious facilities. By structure, there are wood 65%, masonry 30%, and reinforced concrete 5% (54 buildings). By number of floors, the first floor 90%, the second floor 7.3%, and the third floor or higher 2.7% (30 buildings). The roof material is 51.6% of earthenware, followed by slate, cement, and slab. 3) Third, the old buildings are scattered all over the streets, and are concentrated in Namju-dong, Nammun-ro 1-ga-dong, Seoun-dong, and Sudong at the foot of Uamsan Mountain, a former refugee village. Also old buildings are distributed in Seoun-dong and Seokgyo-dong where hanok(korean traditional houses) are concentrated, in Namju and Nammunro 1 ga-dong blocks connected by alleys, and in cul-de-sac all over the place.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.35-40
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• 2024

This study examines the classification and typical characteristics of 148 owner shop houses existing in the historical city center of Cheongju. First, they can be classified into single-story, middle-story, and divided types according to the distribution of residential and commercial functions. The single-story(36) has 'ㅡ', 'ㄱ', and 'narrow and deep'-shaped arrangement, with stores on the front and houses on the rear. The middle-story second floor(89) is divided into a first-story store and a second-story house, and the third floor(23) has different functions for each floor, but more than half of them have houses on the second and third floors. Among the total, there are also 16 cases in which the division type is taken with different construction times and structures. Second, in the position of the stairs connected to the upper floor among the middle-floor types(112), the outer stair type(52) to separate from the living space while making the most of the stores on the first floor accounts for 47%, but the biggest feature is that the inner staircase type(34) with privacy reaches 30%. The rear stair room type(26) entering through alleyways or private yards is also 23%. Third, the front pillar spacing varies from 1bay to 4bay in appearance, but the 2bay type on the 2nd floor and the 1bay type on the 3rd floor occupy the largest proportion. This exterior type is a characteristic of a owner shop house that can measure the range of personal ownership. Despite the conflicting functions of stores and houses, 35~40% of the cases are in which the opening positions of the upper and lower floors are unified.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2011.07a
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• pp.920-921
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• 2011

본 연구는 비선형을 고려한 Linear Compressor의 스토로크의 동특성 해석 방법을 제안하고, 시작기에 대해서 특성실험 결과와 비교, 검토하였다. 비선형 특성으로 가스힘을 스트로크 및 전류에 대한 함수인 스프링 과 댐퍼로, 인덕턴스와 모터상수를 스트로크 및 전류에 대한 쇄교자속의 함수로 수식적 모델링 하였다. 이 관계식을 통해 동작특성을 해석하였다.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.21-34
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• 2000

Trade areas of the commercial centers in Chongiu City are rapidly changing as the urban spacial structure is transformed, consumer behaviors are changed and large shopping stores are located in the area. The City's CBD has been in the Sung-an-gil district. The trade areas of the CBD have expanded along the major roads in the directions of north, south and west from the Sang-dang park. Especially, two newly formed secondary commercial centers are noticeable: one is the center around the express bus terminal in Gagyong-dong, and the other is formed in the Yongam, Bunpyong and Sannam district. As such changes are intensified, small retailers in the traditional markets that are mainly concentrated in the Yukgerri market place have faced hardship in business and management. The commercial hardship has been hastened up by openings of large discount stores and expanding tendency of internet shopping businesses. Acknowledging the changes in the business environment of traditional markets, this paper attempts to suggest policies to gentrificate the declining market areas in the CBD. The suggested polices are differentiated according to the types of traditional markets, stores. and merchants. And also suggestion is provided regarding amendments of the City's codes.

• The Journal of Engineering Geology
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• v.15 no.4 s.42
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• pp.475-486
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• 2005

According to the inference results of formation process of the tectonic lineament, totally four events of subsidence including two events after upheaval of granite body and two events after sedimentation of unconsolidated sedimentary layer formed the macroscopic tensional lineament. The subsidence was occurred by tensional stress oriented ENE-WSW direction and compressional stress oriented NNW-SSE direction. The deeper distribution of tuff and unconsolidated sedimentary layer as much as 70-140m and that of granite as much as 50-500m at Hamdeok and Shinheung than those of the eastern and the western area around Hamdeok and Shinheong is due to the Hamdeok-Pyoseon Graben by three events of differential subsidence from Hamdeok to Pyoseon including Shinheung.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.12-24
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to analyze the influence of the water system on the location, spatial structure, and construction method of Hongju-eupseong, centering on Hongjumok-eupchi. During the Joseon Dynasty, the water system in Hongjumok-eupchi is composed of artificially constructed Seong-an Runnel and ponds based on a branch-shaped natural waterways flowing from south to north and west to east. Compiling the results of various literature records, excavations and analysis of map data, it can be seen that the water system has an important influence on the construction of Hongju-seong. Firstly, Hongju-seong from the Goryeo Dynasty to the late Joseon Dynasty is located using a circular shape of topographical structure and a small erosion basin formed on the inner side of the Hongseongcheon and Wolgyecheon streams without significant change in location. In particular, Wolgyecheon and Hongseongcheon are natural moats, which are harmonized with Sohyangcheon and riverside topographical structures, affecting the location and construction method of Hongju-seong, water related facilities, and the spatial structure of eupseong. It is understood that location characteristic of Hongju-seong reflects the urban location structure harmonized with waterways in ancient China and Korea. Secondly in harmony with the water system and topographic structure of Hongju-seong, it is an important factor in deciding the land use of the town, the arrangement of the town hall facilities and inducing various non-subsidiary measures such as the establishment of embankment forest with a secret function and the closure of the south gate. In addition, artificial drainage facilities such as Seongan runnel and ponds are being actively introduced from early on to protect the walls or towns from flooding of Wolgyecheon. Especially there were typical methods for protecting the walls from water damage such as the Joseon Dynasty stone castle structure that was integrated with saturn(soil wall) in the Goryeo Dynasty, retreating wall in the northern gate area in the late Joseon Dynasty, and the method of constructing wall using korean tile and stone floors between reinforced soil layers in the western and northern wall.