• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.52 no.5
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• pp.235-241
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• 2015

Nowadays, research and industry on the internet of things is rapidly developing. Bug fixed field of the Software development related internet of things is a very important things. In this study, we analyze the properties that can affect what the bug fix-time by analyzing the time required to fix a bug associated with the Internet of Things. Using the k-NN classification method based on the attribute information to be classified as bug reports. Extracts a bug report based on the results of a similar property. Bug fixed by calculating the time of a similar bug report predicts the fix-time for new bugs. Depending on the prediction of the properties that affect the bug correction time, the properties of os, component, reporter, and assignee showed the best prediction accuracy.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.157-165
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• 2013

This study examines how East German police was absorbed into the Unified Germany Police. The experience of Germany suggests a few implications and preview points when the two Koreas unify how North Korean police to absorb and utilize, which is the purpose of this study. According to a study, in a unified transition in North Korea, 110,000 police forces is needed in order to cope with an outbreak of rioting and public disorder in North Korea. It is never easy, in an imminent unification, to secure a large number of police forces in a short time. We cannot help making the best use of North Korean police. At this point, the German case would be nice for us to see the implications presented. Because West German police led the integration of East Germany in the People's Police, and reemployed them under certain conditions. As a result, by taking over the People's Police of North Korea without friction with the security of the high security demand required by the unification process in the future, it is necessary to achieve seamless integration of the North-South police.

• Proceedings of the Korea Technology Innovation Society Conference
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• 1999.05a
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• pp.409-419
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• 1999

전기기술은 기술의 특성상 민간에 대한 유인이 적은 공유성 기술이나 대학 또는 기업이 감당하기 어려운 대형복합기술의 비중이 높으며, 최근 들어 전력산업의 구조개편 등에 따라 국가적 기술개발수요가 확대됨과 동시에 전기기술의 이용분야 확대와 타 기술과의 융합화 및 대형화로 신기술수요가 늘어나고 있다. 현재 우리 나라의 전기기술 R&D체제에서는 공공기술에 대한 사각지대가 발생하고 있음에도 불구하고 국가차원의 R&D 공급이 미약하여, 거대한 시험설비와 첨단고가장비를 필요로 하는 시스템기술로 일부 기기나 시스템운용을 제외하고는 개별기업이나 전력회사에 대한 기술개발 유인이 크지 않으며, 따라서 전기기술분야의 R&D 실태 파악과 역할에 대한 검토를 통해 R&D 주체별 기관특성에 맞는 국가 R&D체계의 정립이 필요한 실정이다. 따라서, 앞으로는 전기기술분야의 국가 R&D 목표 및 기본전략에 따라 국가 R&D 자원의 규모, R&D 주체간의 역할분담 등 전반적인 R&D 체계의 구축이 선행되어야 하며, 이를 통해 기관별 Mission 및 고유기능을 토대로 전문성 제고와 특성화를 유도할 수 있는 연구여건의 조성이 시급하다 하겠다. 특히, 장기대형연구, 원천기술연구, 기초기반연구, 연구기반구축, 인력양성 등 필수적 국가기능에 대해서는 기관별 특성에 따라 안정적인 역할수행이 가능하도록 역할분담 및 정책적 지원을 하되, 그 밖의 영역이나, 민간 및 전력회사의 독자적인 R&D에 대해서는 경쟁 및 협력을 통한 연구효율성 향상을 유도하는 방향으로 나가는 것이 바람직할 것이다. 국가적 전력기술 R&D의 효과적인 수행과 실효성 확보를 위해서는 재원확보가 선행되어야 하며, 이를 위한 방안으로는 기존의 전력사업자에게는 기술개발충당금 또는 전기요금 중 일정비율을 국가적 R&D 재원으로 설정할 수 있을 것이며. 신규 사업자에게도 규제비용의 차원에서 일정 부담금을 부과하는 방법이 가능할 것이다. 이러한 재원을 가지고 사업성격 및 R&D 유형에 따라 역할분담에 따른 지원, 정책적 사업, 경쟁적 사업공모 등을 통해 지원분야 및 규모, 대상기관 등에 대한 선별적인 지원이 이루어져야할 것이다.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.11 no.11
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• pp.19-27
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• 2011

In this paper, we present an emulation library for the essential features and their API function calls provided by Direct3D, the most actively used API for computer game-related application programs on the MS-Windows-based desktop's, with OpenGL library in the Linux environment. In typical Linux-based systems, only the X window system and OpenGL graphics library are available. There are lots of needs for this kind of emulation library to convert the Direct3D-based game applications and user interfaces on these systems. Through carefully selecting the essential API functions from the DirectX version 9.0, we obtained the prototype implementation of that emulation library, to finally get the final full-scale DirectX implementation. Our implementation currently covers 3D coordinate transformations, light and material processing, texture mapping, simple animation features and more. We showed its feasibility through successfully executing a set of Direct3D demonstration programs including a real-world game character animation on our implementation.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartB
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• v.12B no.2 s.98
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• pp.137-142
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• 2005

Since wireless communication cost is relatively expensive, the mobile games using cellular phones or PDAs are mostly played after being downloaded unlike more updated types of phone-to-phone or online games. In particular, the upbringing games, in which garners foster virtual companion animals or vegetables as their avata, have been spotlighted. It is essential to supply variety of items for upbringing avatas. However, due to diverse tastes for avatas and limited storage of mobile terminals, game manias must download their desired items from homepages. In addition, game developers must inform users through SMS messages whenever a new item is created. To do so, they must link WEB server and WAP server to Call Back URL or ARS. This paper proposed a linkage method suitable for JAVA-based mobile phone operating system. The proposed method will consequently increase life cycle of a game and reinforce profitability.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.70
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• pp.132-164
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• 2015

The formation of knowledge of the people of Korean society is the social practices of collective subjectivity. Subjectivity is the truth of the self, which is incessantly created, questioned and modified in the milieu of self-reflection. In an attempt to examine the hermeneutics of the subject of Korean society, a conceptual framework is proposed, which, with the notion of life embedded, consists of a historical sequence of the popular, minjung, multitude, people and community. The period of 1960s saw the ambiguous mass of lifes floating, the individual with his/her own interior world of consciousness emerge. The ideological solidarity is formed in the the next two decades, in contestation with immediate and physical threatening such as poverty and dictatorship. The democratization of Korean society and the global expansion of neoliberal regime gave a re-birth of multitude and people which is characterized with their pursuit of the co-existence and co-realization of singularity and universality on the ethical principle of the open and communicative radicality.

• The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.199-205
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• 2015

Nitrogen and phosphorus are the limiting elements for growth of phytoplankton, which is a major primary producer of marine ecosystem. Incidentally the stoichiometry of N/P of ocean waters, measured by the (nitrate + nitrite)/phosphate ratio converges to a constant of 16. This characteristic ratio has been used widely for the understanding the ecosystem dynamics and biogeochemical cycles in the ocean. In the East Sea, several key papers were issued in recent years regarding the climate change and its impact on ecosystem dynamic and biogeochemical cycles using N/P ratio because the East Sea is a "miniature ocean" having her own meridional overturning circulation with the appropriate responding time and excellent accessibility. However, cited N/P values are different by authors that we tried to propose a single representative value by reanalyzing the historical nutrient data. We present N/P of the East Sea as $12.7{\pm}0.1$ for the year 2000. The ratio reveals a remarkable consistency for waters exceeding 300m depth (below the seasonal thermocline). We recommend to use this value in the future studies and hope to minimize confusion for understanding ecosystem response and biogeochemical cycles in relation to future climate change until new N/P value is established from future studies.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.65-73
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• 2018

Since unfair trading practices between participants in construction project are common, the government has enforced several policies and systems to prevent or minimize the unfair trading practices in construction industry. However, not much attention has been paid to figure out which policies or acts are working or not. This paper analyzed the effectiveness of the policies and acts which are being implemented to prevent unfair trading practices and provided several suggestions to improve the performance of those acts. Survey was conducted to industry experts to collect data regarding their perceptions on those policies and acts. Then the effectiveness of the policies and acts were analyzed in terms of their importance and performance through IPA (Importance-Performance Analysis) based on the survey result. It was found through IPA that execution related acts such as investigation, exposure, and punishment for unfair trading practice have shown low effectiveness in entire construction process and dispute arbitration and mediation related center operated by authority showed low performance too. To improve the effectiveness of those acts, dispute arbitration system improvement, investigation & reporting system consolidation and enhancement practical binding force of punishment and penalty were suggested. Most of all, rules and culture for fair trading should become more established in construction industry by preventing conflict among participants through active communication.

• Strategy21
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• s.37
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• pp.242-274
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• 2015

2015년 5월 수중발사 탄도미사일(SLBM) 발사시험을 통해 북한은 전 세계의 이목을 또 다시 집중시켰다. 북한은 2013년 제3차 핵실험을 감행한 이후 최근까지도 탄도미사일과 로켓 발사 등의 무력도발을 지속해 왔다. 이와 같은 북한의 무력도발은 한반도의 안정뿐만 아니라 미국 본토의 안보에도 매우 부정적인 영향을 미치고 있다. 지금까지 미국은 북한의 핵미사일 개발 저지를 위해 경제적 또는 군사적 방안들을 선별적으로 적용해 왔다. 그러나, 이러한 미국의 노력에도 불구하고 북한은 여전히 핵미사일을 개발하겠다는 꿈을 포기하지 않고 있는 것이 사실이다. 본 논문은 북한의 핵미사일 개발에 대한 미국의 대안적 전략(Alternative Strategy)을 제시하는데 그 목적이 있다. 필자는 대안적 전략 제시에 앞서 북한의 핵과 탄도미사일 개발현황을 내용(Contents)과 맥락(Context) 차원에서 분석하고 미 오바마 행정부의 대북전략을 비판적으로 검토하였다. 그리고 대안적 전략으로 동맹국과 함께 경제적(Sticky Power), 군사적(Sharp Power) 수단의 동기화(Synchronizing)를 통해 북한이 감당하기 힘든 전략적 환경을 조성(Shaping the Strategic Environment)하는 것이 '북한의 핵개발 포기' 라는 전략목표를 달성하는 방안 임을 강조하고 있다. 미국이 대안적 전략목표를 달성하기 위해서는 경제적 수단으로 ① 북한의 자금세탁 및 위조지폐 발행국 지정, ② 북한을 지원하는 모든 해외자산에 대한 제재조치, ③ 북한의 테러지원국 재지정, ④ 북한 제재를 위한 미국의 입법추진, ⑤ 대량살상무기 관련 금수품목의 확대를 적용함과 동시에 군사적 수단으로 ① 대량살상무기 비확산 활동 강화, ② 대탄도미사일 전략 개발 및 정보(ISR: Intelligence Surveillance and Reconnaissance) 공유, 맞춤형 억제전략(TDS: Tailored Deterrence Strategy)의 구체화 등을 통한 한·미 군사 억제방안의 강화, 그리고 ③ SM-3, THAAD(Terminal High Altitude Area Defense) 등 한·미·일 3자간 MD(Missile Defense)체제의 구축 등을 동기화하여 적용해야만 할 것이다. 미국의 대안적 전략은 ① 북한의 핵미사일 개발에 대한 중국의 협력방지, ② 한·중간 경제관계의 악화, ③ 한·일간의 역사적 긴장관계라는 위험요소를 내포하고 있는 것 또한 사실이다. 따라서 미국이 대안적 전략목표인 '북한의 비핵화' 달성을 위해서는 이와 같은 위험요소를 완화시키는 노력도 병행되어야 할 것이다. 끝으로, 미국은 북한의 김정은이 핵미사일 개발 포기라는 상이한 방향의 전략적 결정을 할 경우에 대비하여 한·미 연합훈련의 보류, 북한에 대한 경제제재조치 해제 등 북한과의 협상 가능성도 열어두고 이에 대해서도 철저하게 준비해 나가야 할 것이다.

• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
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• no.46
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• pp.189-231
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• 2015

This study is for establishing an appraisal methodology to ensure the accountability of the parliament and to documentation the contemporary historical events related to the National Assembly. It is impossible to documentation comprehensively the activities of the National Assembly through the records schedule of the National Assembly, the current the disposal guidelines of the National Assembly. In particular, this is designed focusing on four affiliated organizations such as the National Assembly Secretariat, so there is a fundamental limit to documentation the outputs of various external agencies and areas where have relationships with the National Assembly. Therefore, it is hard to documentation comprehensively the various issues and historical events occurring in the National Assembly under the current appraisal system. In this situation, this study presents the appraisal methodology, the institutional functional analysis to ensure the accountability of the institution as a first step. However, only with the institutional functional analysis methodology, it is difficult to organize collectively the contemporary historical events or social events ongoing in relation to the fundamental functions of the National Assembly. For this reason, the subject oriented documentation methodology is designed that is the appraisal methodology of selecting the records related to the contemporary social phenomena and historical events according to the functional areas of the National Assembly derived from the institutional functional analysis methodology. Thereby, it is designed that the model of the documentation strategy applicable to the National Assembly in reality.