• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2018.05a
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• pp.187-188
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• 2018

2004년 체결된 평형수관리협약은 2016년 9월 비준되어 2017년 발효 예정이었다. 그러나 발효 직전, 물리적으로 모든 선박에 평형수 처리장치를 설치하기 어렵다는 의견에 따라 2년 유예되었다. 따라서 수만 척의 선박은 2024년까지 평형수 처리장치를 설치해야 하며, 해당 시장의 규모는 약 40조원까지 성장할 것으로 추정된다. 그러나 우리나라에서 개발한 현재 평형수 처리장치는 IMO 형식승인을 받은 제품만 있을 뿐 USCG 형식승인을 받은 제품이 없어 평형수 처리시장을 선점하기에 어려움이 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 USCG 성능기준을 만족하는 평형수 처리기술 개발을 위하여 IMO와 USCG 성능기준의 차이를 비교하고, 현재 사용되고 있는 선박평형수 처리장치의 국내 및 세계 기술 수준을 비교 분석하여 자외선 발광 다이오드 및 이산화티타늄을 이용한 평형수 처리장치 개발방향을 제시한다.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Marine Environment & Energy
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.189-197
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• 2014

Collection and management of various information related to the ballast water are the essential components for the efficient implementation of the IMO Ballast Water Management Convention. Based upon the ballast water risk assessment and information system developed by other states, regions or even at global level, an integrated information system has been established to be applied to our domestic ports. The integrated information system is composed of four DataBases (DB) which are the Shipping DB, Ballast water DB, Port Environment DB and Species DB. The Shipping DB has been established based on the data collected from the Port Management Information System (Port-MIS). For the Ballast water DB, Ballast water has only been estimated by the loading/unloading of the cargoes as the convention has not come into effect yet. The Port Environment DB and Species DB are being established based on the reference documents and existing and newly collected monitoring data. From these DB, the integrated information system will be able to provide a base for the information search, statistic analysis and risk assessment of ballast water. Once the convention comes into effect, this integrated information system will be applied to manage the domestic ballast water discharge and also the port management.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Marine Environment & Energy
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.284-288
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• 2009

The International Convention for the Control and Management of Ships Ballast Water & Sediments was adopted by consensus at a diplomatic conference of IMO at 2004. To prepare the Ballast Water Management Convention, fundamental technologies such as treatment system, type approval, risk assessment and various technical informations for formulation of the regulation for national strategy shall be developed. The information item of voyage and discharge of ship's ballast water are gathered by visiting vessel and agent at port. Using the 97 results by ships type characteristic analysis on the relation between loading/unloading and discharge/uptake of ballast water, the amounts of discharge/uptake of ballast water at each port and all of country in Korea are predicted. Hence, It is apparent that the uptake of ballast water is predicted to about 70 million ton in total of Busan, Incheon, Kwangyang and Ulsan ports at 2006 which is over 3 times than discharges.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Marine Environment & Energy
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.349-356
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• 2012

For smooth implementation of the IMO Ballast Water Management Convention that is to come into effect in the near future, IMO and Member States are working on the development of various technologies and establishment of legislative action. Ballast water treatment systems are essential, yet difficult technologies, as they need not only to treat living organisms, but also define whether they are viable or not, count the number of viable organisms, and present quantitative results of the concentration of active substances. Despite the fact that the Convention is looming in the near future, the issues mentioned above obstruct the setup of consensual technologies for performance reliability of the treatment system and analysis method of efficacy test results. This paper considers the unsolved issues of the ballast water treatment technologies, and presents guidelines to solve these issues.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2015.07a
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• pp.90-92
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• 2015

국제해사기구는 선박평형수를 통한 수중생물의 이동을 막기 위해, 2004년 선박평형수와 침전물 통제 및 관리를 위한 국제협약을 채택하였으며 2015년 5월12일 현재 73개의 처리장치가 최종승인을 받았거나 진행중이다. 선박평형수 처리기술은 전기분해, 오존식, 자외선식 등 여러 기술이 개발되었으나 비용 및 효율면에서 전기분해방식이 타 방식에 비하여 좋고 간접식과 직접식으로 나누어지며 직접식이 간접식에 비해 우수하다. 본 논문에서는 직접식 전기분해 장치를 이용한 선박평형수 처리시스템 개발에 관해 연구하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Marine Environment & Energy
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.209-216
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• 2009

IMO has established International Convention for the Control and Management of Ships' Ballast Water and Sediment 2004 in February 2004 in order to prevent transfer of aquatic organisms through ballast water. According to the Convention, Each countries are preparing ratification and legislation process and encouraging the development of treatment system to satisfy the performance standard in the Convention. This Electro-$Cleen^{TM}$ treatment system was granted IMO basic approval in March 2006, and final approval in October 2008. The Type Approval Certificate was issued in December 2008 by the Government of Republic of Korea. This paper considers the matter of principle mechanism, overview of the system, installation on shipboard and shipboard test results for the Electro-$Cleen^{TM}$. Shipboard tests with the 8300 GT M/V Yokohama and 27,000 DWT M/V Greenwing have already been conducted. These tests confirmed that the Electro-$Cleen^{TM}$ system satisfies all of the IMO standards and is suitable for installation in new and existing ships.

• Proceedings of KOSOMES biannual meeting
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• 2017.04a
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• pp.23-23
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• 2017

• Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.383-391
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• 2016

Ballast water provides stability and manoeuvrability to a ship. Foreign harmful aquatic organisms, which were transferred by ballast water, cause disturbing ecosystem. In order to minimize transference of foreign harmful aquatic organisms, IMO(International Maritime Organization) adopted the International Convention for the Control and Management of Ship's Ballast Water and Sediments in 2004. If the convention take effect, a port authority might need to check that ballast water is properly disposed of. In this paper, we propose a method of counting harmful aquatic organisms in ballast water thorough image processing. We extracted three samples from the ballast water that had been collected at Busan port in Korea. Then we made three grey-scale images from each sample as experimental data. We made a comparison between the proposed method and CellProfiler which is a well known cell-counting program based on image processing. Setting of CellProfiler is empirically chosen from the result of cell count by an expert. After finding a proper threshold for each image at which the result is similar to that of CellProfiler, we used the average value as the final threshold. Our experimental results showed that the proposed method is simple but about ten times faster than CellProfiler without loss of the output quality.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Marine Environment & Energy
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.214-220
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• 2008

The Ballast Water Management Convention provides that ballast water treatment systems which make use of active substances shall be approved from IMO according to the procedure developed by the IMO. The Convention described that active substance means a substance or organism, including a virus or a fungus, that has a general or specific action on or against harmful aquatic organisms and pathogens. The Marine Environment Protection Committee of IMO gave basic approval to 13 ballast water management systems and final approval to 4 systems until October 2008. This paper considered the matter of procedure and documents of the basic and final approval based on the "Procedure for approval of ballast water management systems that make use of Active Substances (G9)" and "The Methodology for information gathering and the conduct of work of the GESAMP-BWWG" and summarized the specifications of the treatment systems which was granted the basic or final approval from IMO and raised several points.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.325-332
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• 2014

In installing ballast water treatment system, the cost of the system is high and many technical aspects are to be considered and also it takes significant time to retro-fitting on the existing ships. In addition, in the current circumstance which the Ballast Water Management Convention has not been entered into force, the 28th IMO Assembly adopted a resolution to mediate the implementation schedule of the treatment systems. In the mean time, California State and New York State have declared more stringent discharge requirements of ballast water and are planning to implement them earlier than the schedule of the Convention. In these circumstances, the implication in the difference between ballast water treatment system manufacturers and ship owners need to be considered. In this study, through the review on the considerations when installing the system onboard, stringent requirements of United States of America, and determent or mediated implementation schedules of Convention and California and New York States, the author would like to suggest the strategy of concerned parties for anticipated entrry into force of the Convention and implementation of the stringent requirements of United States of America.