• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.14 no.3 s.24
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• pp.137-140
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• 1975

Field experiments on red-pepper were conducted in Suweon area during 1972-1974 to determine the seasonal fluctuation of Heliothis assulta H. using black light traps and direct counts. Adult moths emerged in late May, and showed three peaks of fluctuation from late June to middle July, from middle August to late August, and in mid-September. Eggs were first discovered in the field in early July, with peak incidence Iron late August to early September. Larval peaks occurred in late July to early August, in late August and mid-September to mid-October Initial hatching in the field occurred in early July. The numbers of the first larval generation were the highest. The parasitization ratio of Trichogramma spp. on eggs averaged 51 percent during mid-July to mid-September. The numbers of Trichogramma spp. emerging from one tobacco bud-worm egg ranged from one to four, but in most cases one or two egg parasitizing wasps emerged.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.39 no.9
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• pp.11-18
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• 2002

This paper presents a CPW phase shifter and shunt stub with air-bridge on a 10-${\mu}m$-thick oxidized porous silicon(OPS) substrate using surface micromachining. The line dimensions of the CPW phase shifter was designed with S-W-Sg = 100-30-400 ${\mu}m$. And the width and length of the air-bridge with "ㄷ“ shape were 100 ${\mu}m$ and 400-460-400 ${\mu}m$, respectively. In order to achieve low attenuation, stepped air-bridge CPW phase shift was proposed. The insertion loss of the stepped air-bridge CPW phase shift is more improved than that of no stepped air-bridge CPW phase shift. The measured phase characteristic of the fabricated CPW phase shifter is close to 180$^{\circ}$ over a very broad frequency range of 28 GHz. The measured working frequency of short-end series stub is 28.7 GHz and the return loss is - 20 dB. And the measured working frequency of short-end shunt stub is 28.9 GHz and the return loss is - 23 dB at midband. As a result, the pattering of stub in the center conductor of CPW lines can offer size reduction and lead to high density chip layouts.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.121-130
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• 1993

The GaP crystals were grown by synthesis solute diffusion method and its properties were investigated. High quality single crystals were obtained by pull-down the crystal growing ampoule with velocity of 1.75mm/day. Etch pits density along vertical direction of ingot was increased from 3.8 ${\times}{10^4}$c$m^{-2}$ of the first freeze to 2.3 ${\times}{10^5}$c$m^2$ of the last freeze part. The carrier concentration and mobilities at room temperature were measured to 197.49cc$m^2$/V.sec and 6.75 ${\times}{10^{15}}$c$m^{-3]$, respectively. The temperature dependence of optical energy gap was empirically fitted to $E_g$(T)=[2.3383-(6.082${\times}{10^{-4}}$)$T^2$/(373. 096+TJeV. Photoluminescence spectra measured at low temperature were consist with sharp line-spectra near band-gap energy due to bound-exciton and phonon participation in band edge recombination process. Zn-diffusion depth in GaP was increased with square root of diffusion time and temperature dependence of diffusion coefficient was D(Tl = 3.2 ${\times}{10^3}$exp( - 3.486/$k_{\theta}$T)c$m^2$/sec. Electroluminescence spectra of p-n GaP homojunction diode are consisted with emission at 630nm due to recombination of donor in Zn-O complex center with shallow acceptors and near band edge emission at 550nm. Photon emission at current injection level of lower than 100m A was due to the band-filling mechanism.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.37-56
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• 2001

As a preliminary study to establish fracture network model in crystalline rocks, detail investigation on fracture characteristics were performed. Five fracture sets were determined on the basis of regional survey of geological structures and fractures on outcrops. Among the fracture sets, S1 set has the highest density and longest trace length of fractures which was identified on surface in the study area. S4 and S5 sets are composed of foliations and foliation parallel shear joints of gneisses, which are very important sets at the aspect of weighting of fracture length. For characterization of subsurface fractures, detail core logging was performed to identify fractures and fracture zones from five boreholes. Acoustic televiewer logging and borehole geophysical loggings produced images, orientations and geophysical properties of fractures which intersect with boreholes. According to the result of the investigations, subsurface fractures can be grouped as three preferred orientations(B1, B2 and B3), which correspond to S1, S2 and S4/S5 of surface fracture sets, respectively. Actually, B1 set is expected to be intensely developed at subsurface. However, it has low frequency of intersection with boreholes due to its parallel or sub-parallel direction to boreholes. According to the inference of conductive fractures, B1 and B3 sets have possibilities of water flow and their intersection lines are also thought to consist of important conduits of groundwater flow. In particular, faults which are parallel to foliations control major groundwater flow in the study area.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.30 no.5 s.111
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• pp.415-420
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• 2006

Urinalyses have been conducted for 28 crew's in H University's training ship and creatine and uric acid turned out to be higher in all ages, which can be inferred that board job has caused negative impact on kidney and/or malfunction In addition, TC and HDL-C, LDL-C ha; decreased, however, TG has increased after the navigation. All different positions including officer, crew, decker, engineer and radio part showed the similar pattern TC and HDL-C has decreased in 30s, 40s and TG has increased in 30s. A few of the 30's show extremely high TG rates so hyperlipidemia is suspected. 7 members turned out positive for UBG test and 5 positive for PRO test. Especially there was only one UBG positive before the navigation but, 7 members has become positive, which means the one-month long-tenn navigation has definite impact on the liver cell function.

• Journal of Satellite, Information and Communications
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.97-101
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• 2011

Interplanetary space between Sun and Earth is area of flowing very fast solar wind which is contained X ray, flare, corona mass, etc. occurred Sun surface to Earth. This solar wind is affected directly to Earth magnetosphere and ionosphere so that this bring out broadcasting and communication interruptions, satellite operation obstacles and power gird defects and etc..Solar wind flow in interplanetary space is measured as solar wind speed, density and direction by measuring scintillation value to be produced during radio source is passed through solar wind. The wider effective collective areas and the more radio sources, accuracy of solar wind measuring is got higher. Function test was performed using 3 tiles which was manufactured as prototype. Restriction of quantity of tiles, test was performed to confirm whether measured beam pattern is complied with requirement or not. In this paper, it is shown design and their specification of ground interplanetary radio measurement system as well as technical issues and resolutions which were raised during design phase. Also result of function verification test using prototype is suggested. It is confirmed that measured beam pattern was met with requirement.

• Resources Recycling
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.3-11
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• 2013

This study was carried out to estimate greenhouse gas reduction potentials under treatment methods of combustible wastes excavated from closed landfill. The treatment methods of solid wastes were landfilling, incineration, and production of solid recovery fuel. The greenhouse gas reduction potentials were calculated using the default emission factor presented by IPCC G/L method of IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change). The composition of excavated waste represented that screened soil was the highest (65.96%), followed by vinyl/plastic (19.18%). This means its own component is similar to the other excavated waste from unsanitary landfill sites. Additionally, its bulk density was 0.74 $t/m^3$. In case of landfilling of excavated waste, greenhouse gas emission quantity was 60,542 $tCO_2$. In case of incineration of excavated waste, greenhouse gas emission quantity was 9,933 $tCO_2$. However, solid recovery fuel from excavated waste reduced 33,738 $tCO_2$ of the greenhouse gas emission quantity. Therefore, solid recovery fuel production is helpful to reduce of greenhouse gas emission.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 1999.10a
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• pp.187-197
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• 1999

해양수산부가 개발 .운영 중인 항만운영정보시스템(PORT-MIS)은 선박입출항 관련 업무, 수출입 화물 반출입에 관한 업무, 항만시설물관리에 관한 업무, 의사결정지원시스템에 관한 업무 등 크게 4개 업무오 구성되어 있으며, 총 19개의 전자문서와 1,500여개의 단위 프로그램으로 구성되어 있다. 그동안 PORT-MIS를 권역별로 확대 운영하면서 발생한 여러 가지 문제점들을 보완하기 위해 해양수산부와 정보통신부(한국전산원)가 공동으로 $\ulcorner$수출입화물 일괄처리시스템 구축$\lrcorner$ 용역 사업을 현재 진행 중에 있다. 본 연구는 용역과업 내용에 포함되어 있지 않으면서 개선이 필요한 외항선(국전선.외국전선 포함) 선박입항보고서(최초.변경.최종)와 선박출항보고서(최초.변경.최종), 내항선입.출항신고서, 예선사용허가신청서 및 지정서, 도선사용허가신청서 및 지정서 등의 민원업무를, 사용자로 하여금 최소한의 노력으로 처리할 수 있도록 제출방법을 개선(EDI방식에서 온라인방식으로)하여 행정소요시간을 단축함으로써 PORT-MIS의 효율성을 높일 수 있는 방안을 제시하고자 한다. 이러한 노력을 통해 PORT-MIS EDI업무가 개선되어 선박입.출항보고를 1회롤 처리할 수 있다면 연간 29만9천건의 서류절감으로 약 1억3천7백만원의 물류비를 줄일 수 있으며, 시간 단축에 따른 간접비용을 계산하면 보다 많은 효과가 있다고 판단된다. 그리고 내항선입.출항신고서 및 예.도선업무를 EDI방식에서 온라인방식으로 전환함으로써 선사와 예선업체 및 도선사협회가 대화형식으로 업무처리가 이루어져 분쟁을 최소화 할 수 있다면, 전자문서 31만6천건/년 절감으로 1억3백만원/년의 예산이 절감될 것으로 예상된다.rr로 변화시켰고 inductive power는 200~800watt, bias voltage는 0~-200voltage로 변화시켰으며 식각마스크로는 SiO2를 patterning 하여 사용하였다. n-GaN, p-GaN 층 이외에 광소자 제조시 필수적인 InGaN 층을 100% Cl2로 식각한 경우에 InGaN의 식각속도가 GaN에 비해 매우 낮은 식각속도를 보였다. Cl2 gas에 소량의 CH4나 Ar gas를 첨가하는 경우와 공정압력을 감소시키는 경우 식각속도는 증가하였고, Cl2/10%Ar 플라즈마에서 공정 압력을 감소시키는 경우 식각속도는 증가하였고, Cl2/10%CHF3 와 Cl2/10%Ar 플라즈마에서 공정압력을 15mTorr로 감소시키는 경우 InGaN과 GaNrks의 선택적인 식각이 가능하였다. InGaN의 식각속도는 Cl2/Ar 플라즈마의 이온에 의한 Cl2/CHF3(CH4) 플라즈마에서의 CHx radical 형성에 의하여 증가하는 것으로 사료되어 진다.$ 이상을 나타내었다. 박막의 Sn/In atomic ratio는 0.12, O/In의 비율은 In2O3의 화학양론적 비율인 1.5보다 작은 1.3을 나타내었다.로 보인다.하면 수평축과 수직축의 분산 장벽의 비에 따라 cluster의 두께비가 달라지는 성장을 볼 수 있었고, 한 축 방향으로의 팔 넓이는 fcc(100) 표면의 경우 동일한 Ed+Ep값에 대응하는 팔 넓이와 거의 동일한 결과가 나타나는 것을 볼 수 있다. 따라서 이러한 비대칭적인 모양을 가지는 성장의 경우도 cluster 밀도, cluster 모양, cluster의 양 축 방향 길이 비, 양 축 방향의 평균 팔 넓이로부터 각 축 방향의 분산 장벽을 얻어낼 수 있을 것으로 보인다. 기대할 수 있는 여러

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2006.06b
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• pp.5-11
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• 2006

Urinalyses have been conducted for 28 seamen in K University's training ship and Creatine and Uric acid turned out to be higher in all ages, which can be inferred that on-deck environment has caused negative impact on kidney and/or malfunction. In addition, TC arid HDL-C, LDL-C has decreased, however, TG has increased after the navigation. All different positions including oater, crew, decker, engineer and radio part showed the similar pattern. TC and HDL-C has decreased in 30s, 40s and TG has increased in 30s. A few of the 30's show extremely high TG rates so Hyperlipidemia is suspected. 7 members fumed out positive for UBG test and 5 positive for PRO test. Especially there was only one UBG positive before the navigation but, 7 members has become positive, which means the one-month ocean navigation has definite impact on the liver cell function.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2010.02a
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• pp.165-165
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• 2010

$1.55\;{\mu}m$ 대역의 레이저 다이오드를 제작하기 위해, InP(001) 기판에 InAlGaAs 물질을 장벽층으로 하는 InAs 양자점 구조를 분자선증착기 (MBE)를 이용하여 성장하고 구조 및 광학적 특성을 Double Crystal X-ray Diffraction (DCXRD), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), Photoluminescence (PL)을 이용하여 평가하였다. 일반적으로 InAlGaAs 물질은 고유한 상분리 현상 (Phase Separation)이 나타나는 특성이 있으며, 이는 양자점 성장에 중요한 요인으로 작용할 수 있다. 이러한 InAlGaAs 물질의 상분리 현상을 기판온도 ($540^{\circ}C$, $555^{\circ}C$, $570^{\circ}C$)를 비롯한 성장변수를 변화시켜 제어하고 InAs 양자점 형성에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지를 분석하였다. 540의 성장온도에서 InP(001) 기판에 격자정합한 InAlGaAs 장벽층이 성장온도를 $570^{\circ}C$로 증가시킬 경우 기판에 대하여 인장 응력 (Tensile Strain)을 받는 구조로 변화되었다. 인장응력을 받는 InAlGaAs 장벽층을 Ga Flux 양을 조절하여 격자정합한 InAlGaAs 층을 형성할 수 있었다. AFM을 통한 표면 형상 분석 결과, 서로 다른 기판온도에서 성장한 InAlGaAs 물질이 InP(001) 기판에 격자정합 조건일지라도 표면의 거칠기 (Surface Roughness)는 매우 다른 양상을 보였고 InAs 양자점 형성에 직접적으로 영향을 주었다. $570^{\circ}C$에서 성장한 InAlGaAs 위에 형성한 InAs 양자점의 가로방향 크기를 세로방향 크기로 나눈 비율이 1.03으로서, 555와 $540^{\circ}C$의 1.375 와 1.636와 비교할 때 모양 대칭성이 현저히 개선된 것을 알 수 있다. 상분리 현상이 줄어 표면 거칠기가 좋은 InAlGaAs 위에 양자점을 형성할 때 원자들의 이동도가 상대적으로 높아 InAs 양자점의 크기가 증가하고, 밀도가 감소하는 현상이 나타났다. 또한 InAlGaAs 장벽층이 InP(001) 기판을 기준으로 응력 (Compressive 또는 Tensile)이 존재하는 경우, InAs 양자점 모양이 격자정합 조건 보다 비대칭적으로 변하는 특성을 보여 주었다. 이로부터, 대칭성이 개선된 InAs 양자점 형성에 InAlGaAs 장벽층의 표면 거칠기와 응력이 중요한 변수로 작용함을 확인 할 수 있었다. PL 측정 결과, 발광파장은 $1.61\;{\mu}m$로 InAs 양자구조 형상에 따라 광강도 (Intensity), 반치폭 (Line-width broadening) 등이 변화 되었다.