• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.241-251
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• 2015

Recently, It became possible to transport freights and energy resources via Northern Sea Route(NSR) as global warming has been accelerated. As a result, all countries of the world and Korean local governments have had a struggle to take the advantageous position first in NSR development. However, this extreme competitions might have a negative effect on the national port industry and cause unnecessary social costs and economic losses. Therefore, the main target of this study is to find the most suitable port for NSR using AHP analysis. Most of the data was gained from previous literatures and public statistics and the weight of each factor was calculated by the result of expert survey. As a result, Busan port has the biggest competitiveness, followed by Yeosu Gwangyang, Ulsan and Incheon. From the result, this study suggested 3 possible scenarios. The first scenario specializing Busan port in NSR focuses more on developing the related businesses such as repair of ships, refueling, ship stores trade than attracting the more cargoes. the second is a strategy to make Ulsan port as a hub for energy resources, especially liquid cargo on NSR. the last is a mixed one to assign suitable roles to the ports according to their competitive capabilities.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.9 no.7
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• pp.33-40
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• 2018

The convergence of intelligent information technology and energy technology affects many stakeholders because it involves not only technology itself but also social, institutional and organizational changes. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a back-casting approach to create a new industry that deviates from the path dependence on the traditional energy industry. This study examines the changes in the future energy industry that intelligence information technology will bring, and then we derived the future energy service model that can satisfy the energy policy goals from the national perspective and the interests of each stakeholder at the same time. After that, we analyzed the technical prerequisites for the realization of future energy services and presented the specific configuration technology and the areas that require R&D investment at present.

• The Korean Journal of Petroleum Geology
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• v.6 no.1_2 s.7
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• pp.37-43
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• 1998

Chemical components of water, chemical and isotopic compositions of extractable gases were analyzed to characterize the properties of the natural gases which are dissolved in ground water in the Pohang area. Amount of total extracted gases ranges from 27 ml/l to 50.1 ml/l. Hydrocarbon gases are composed of methane ($27{\~}376,420 ppm$) and ethane ($19{\~}127 ppm$). Amount of total hydrocarbon gases is related to the lithology and geological factors around the reservoir. Quantity of hydrocarbon gases tends to increase in the Tertiary reservoirs and in the reservoirs where the Tertiary formations are thick enough. According to the relationship between hydrocarbon gases and total solids in the ground water, it is believed that the hydrocarbon gases were dissolved in the Tertiary formation water. Based on the methane content ($>99.9\%$) and isotopic composition (${\delta}C^{13};-73.1\%_{\circ}{\~}-43.22\%_{\circ}$), we interpret the gases to be of predominantly biogenic origin which were generated by the methanogenic bacterial processes under the low temperature and anoxic conditions.

• The Korean Journal of Petroleum Geology
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• v.2 no.2 s.3
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• pp.83-90
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• 1994

Thermal maturation and diagenesis of the Gyeongsang Supergroup in the Euiseong area are studied by means of organic geochemical techniques and illite crystallinity. Black mudrocks of the Singdong Group contain organic matter of $0.5{\~}2{\%}$ derived from higher plants, being compared to type Ⅲ. Thermal maturity of organic matter reached dry gas generation phase. Tmax by Rock Eval pyrolysis varies between $578^{\circ}C$ and $593^{\circ}C$ regardless of stratigraphic position and localities, and vitrinite reflectance is about 2.9 and $3{\~}4{\%}Ro$ in the Jinju and the Nagdong Formations, respectively. Vitrinite reflectance measurements indicate that the maturation is mainly due to burial and partly to be affected by post-depositional intrusions. Illite crystallinity values from the Nagdong, Hasandong, Jiniu Formations and part of the Iljig Formation are plotted around the boundary between diagenesis and anchizone, indicating dry gas generation stage. However, the values are not dependent on stratigraphic position. The values from the Iljig, Hupyeongdong, Geomgog, and Sagog Formations fall into the range of anchizone, probably resulted from the post-depositional intrusions which occur locally. Both organic geochemical and illite crystallinity data indicate thermal maturation stage of dry gas generation. Diagenesis of the Gyeongsang strata is mostly controlled by burial, and partly affected by post-depositional intrusions. Paleotemperature of the Sindong Group is estimated at around $200^{\circ}C$ on the basis of illite crystallinity.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.242-247
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• 1988

To elucidate the relationship of the quality of aromatic tobaccos to their chemical constituents, certain chemical components and leaf quality by price were compared among cured leaves produced under different soil moisture levels during growing season. As the soil moisture increased, plant height and the length and width of largest leaf increased. days to flower was shortened and total chlorophyll and carotenoid content of green leaf decreased. As the soil moisture increased, leaf quality was deteriorated. The content of nicotine, pet. ether ext. and total nitrogen increased with slight increment of nonvolatile organic acids and higher fatty acids, but ash content and pH of cured leaves decreased under high soil moisture content. Volatile organic acids such as 3-methyl pentanoic acid, the main compounds contributing to the aroma of oriental tobacco, and most volatile neutrals decreased conspicuously under high soil moisture. The content of pet. ether ext., volatile organic acids, volatile neutrals, ash and pH of cured leaves were found to be the appropriate factors for the quality evaluation of aromatic leaves grown under under different soil moisture.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Groundwater Environment
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.51-59
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• 1996

In case waste disposal site is to be constructed close to the underground facilities such as LPG storage cavern which is completely maintained by groundwater pressure, it is generally requested that the possibility on leachate contamination of cavern area be reviewed and the countermeasure, if it is estimated cavern area is severely affected by leachate, be taken into consideration. Prediction was performed and leachate control plan was made using by analytical and the numerical analysis on the leachate migration which is likely to happen at the area between the proposed waste disposal site and the underground LPG storage cavern located at the U petrochemical complex. Analytical solutions were obtained by the conservative mass advection-diffusion equation and the effect of advection and dispersion factor on the leachate migration was reviewed through peclet number calculation and the functional relationship between the factors and leachate transport velocity was established, which leads to enable us to predict the leachate transport velocity without difficulties when different parameters (factors) are used for analytical solution. Numerical solutions were obtained by FEM using AQUA2D which is for the simulation of groundwater flow and contaminant transport. 3-D discrete fracture models were simulated and fracture flow analysis was performed and feasibility study on the water-curtain system was conducted through the fracture connectivity analysis in rock mass. As results of those analyses, it was interpreted that the leachate would trespass on the LPG storage cavern area in 30 years from the proposed wate disposal site and the vertical water-curtain system was effective mathod for the prevention of leachate's migration further into the cavern area.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.307-313
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• 2010

Recently in Korea, or companies considering overseas expansion is often already begun. Past, enterprise's overseas economic cooperation fund(OECF) was consisted of overseas economic cooperation fund(OECF) of most large enterprise leading but medium and small enterprises as well as large enterprise is recognized for factor that competitive power security through overseas economic cooperation fund(OECF) is indispensable by economy opening Tuesday such as deregulation of great foreign enemy environment change and a technology and capital introduction. In the case of Korea, that advance of the China is going through bottleneck among by far bank Vietnam advance gradually expand. Therefore, in this study, I wished to quote plan for efficient and desirable Vietnam advance strategy establishment regarding our country enterprise's Vietnam advance through economy, politics, social environment analysis. In this study, can do on the basis of Vietnam advance connection domestic?outside literature investigation and virtue study through theoretical investigation according to these purpose and behaved theoretical investigation and lift construction materials allied industry, labor-intensive manufacturing industry, fisheries farm produce cultivation, processing household mascot etc. as energy industry, refined oil and petrochemical industry, electric-power industry, other field by our country medium and small enterprise.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.1-8
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• 2016

Safety management in hazardous areas with potentially explosive gas atmospheres (here in after referred to as hazardous areas) in large scale facilities dealing with combustible or flammable materials at home and abroad is very important (significant) for the coexistence of the company and local society based on business continuity management (BCM) and reliance. For the safety management in hazardous areas, two systems are mainly used: (1) the control system for the prevention of combustible or flammable substances and (2) the explosion proof system for the elimination of ignition sources when flammable gases are leaked to inhibit the transition to fire or explosion accidents. While technology and regulations on explosion proof facilities or devices for electrical ignition sources are well developed and defined, those for thermal ignition sources need to be more developed and established. In this study, the internal combustion engine in hazardous areas was investigated to determine the risk of ignition. For this purpose, document searches were conducted on the relevant international standards and accidents cases and risk analysis reports. In addition, this study assessed the application cases of the diesel engine's safety equipment, such as spark arresters regarding the site of process safety management (PSM) system in central Korea. To practically apply these results to the hydrocarbon industry, the safety management method for explosion prevention in hazardous areas was provided by risk identification for ignition sources of internal combustion engines, such as diesel engines.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.305-312
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• 2017

In our society, the advanced, advanced, and information industries have continued to grow and now live in the era of the fourth industrial revolution. As the industry develops, the load of the users has also increased so much that it is deepened by the energy shortage phenomenon and the construction of additional energy facilities is required. Therefore, energy plant construction work is being actively carried out in the coastal area. In particular, it is common to build a plant in the ground by filling the coast with soil in other regions, reflecting the fact that Korea is lacking in the country when constructing power plants, gas and petrochemical plants. Current domestic grounding designs are designed or constructed to suit only the use of grounding resistors based on the electrical equipment design technical standards. However, in the case of a plant facility constructed in the untested buried soil, when the lightning current and the abnormal current are inputted, the facility operator or the user due to the elevation of the ground potential is seriously exposed to the risk of electric shock disaster. In this paper, we analyze the ground resistivity of the landfilled soil and use a computer program (CDEGS) based on KS C IEC 61936-1, We analyze the contact voltage and stratification voltage and propose a grounding design optimized for plant installation.

• Land and Housing Review
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.559-568
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• 2011

This study aims at listing up those manufacturing activities sensitive to regional characteristics by analyzing locational hierarchy designed on the urban rank-size rule. This locational hierarchy by manufacturing activities is expected to provide a ground for the proper supply of an industrial complex. The analysis of the locational hierarchy by manufacturing activities can work as a method of observing the characteristics of the distribution of location for each economic activity by analyzing the trend in the change of manufacturing location. Consequently, it can be used to determine the appropriate manufacturing activities for the industrial complex of a particular region. Here, the locational hierarchy is analyzed depending on the base of the basic local government such as Gun(district level) and Si(city level), and manufacturing activities are categorized by Korea Standard Industry Code. Those activities demonstrating growth pattern are Manufacture of Electronic Equipment(KSIC 26), Manufacture of Medical Precision Optical Instruments Watch(KSIC 27), Manufacture of Motor Vehicles (KSIC 30, 31), etc. With proper infrastructures, these activities can be located everywhere. Those sectors on the decline pattern in the locational hierarchy can be summarized as Manufacture of Tobacco Products(KSIC 12), Manufacture of wearing apparel Fur Articles(KSIC 14), etc. Those sectors scattered widely in the locational hierarchy are Manufacture of Food Products(KSIC 10), Manufacture of Coke Petroleum Products(KSIC 19), Manufacture of Chemical Products(KSIC 20), Manufacture of Electronic Equipment(KSIC 26). These particular manufacturing activities can be operated in those regions in a sufficient supply of unskilled workers regardless of proper infrastructures. Those activities that have a tendency to reconcentrate on larger cities are Manufacture of Textiles(KSIC 13), Manufacture of Wearing Apparel Clothing Fur Articles(KSIC 14), Manufacture of Other Transport Equiptmen(KSIC 31). In most cases, these sectors tend to favor their existing agglomerated areas and concentrate around large cities. Therefore, it is inefficient to promote these sectors in small or medium-sized cities or underdeveloped regions. The establishment of developmental strategies of an industrial complex can gain greater competitiveness by observing such characteristics of the locational hierarchy.