• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.131-144
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• 1998

This study attempts to analyze the propensity for conspicuous consumption of the adolescent consumers and related variables such as socio-economic variables, consumer experience, materialism and consumption-oriented attitudes to provide a basis for the development of consumer education program. The survey of this research was conducted by means of self admistered questionnaire with 788 adolescent consumers attending middle and high school located in Ulsan. The results of this research were as follows: 1) The average level of the propensity for conspicuous consumption was a little high median point. This implies that consumer education is necessary for the adolescent consumer in order to reduce the level of conspicuous consumption. 2) The adolescent consumers' propensity for conspicuous consumption varies significantly according to the socio-economic variables such as sex, grade, the allowance interval, the amount of allowance, the mother's education and the subjective level of household consumption. 3) The propensity for conspicuous consumption is positively correlated with materialism and the consumption-oriented attitudes. The consumer experience is positively correlated with materialism and not significantly correlated with the propensity for conspicuous consumption and the consumption-oriented attitudes. Materialism is positively correlated with the consumption-oriented attitudes. 4) According to the results of the regression analysis examining the influences of variables affecting the propensity for conspicuous consumption, the relative importance of the variables are in the order of; materialism, the consumption-oriented attitudes, sex and the amount of allowance. These independent variables explains 49.3% of the total variance about the propensity for conspicuous consumption.

• Journal of English Language & Literature
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• v.57 no.5
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• pp.701-725
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• 2011

This paper attempts to read "The Nightingale" as an experimental proponent of Lyrical Ballads of 1798, one that inaugurated British Romanticism. It is never accidental for this poem to come to replace "Lewti" at the last moment of publication and to be tied to the poetic principles manifested in the "Advertisement" of the 1798 volume. The speaker of this poem, for example, is an ordinary man, who presents himself as a friend and a loving father. Opting for conversational styles rather than blindly copying literary conceits, he even incorporates an evening episode he happens to recall into a legitimate subject matter. The notion of "conversation," which appears in the subtitle, offers a key to figuring out the ideal of poetic language, the figure of the poet, and compositional procedures Coleridge and Wordsworth proposed in their collaborative project. "The Nightingale" can be a dubious, if not totally failed, poetical journey to subverting an incidence of misnaming acts. He finally reaches the limits of poetic figuration in a process of textualizing nature. The leitmotif of "In nature there is nothing melancholy" testifies to the fact that the bird nightingale, which the narrator is hard at work to rename as a joyous bird, is nothing but a poetic metaphor. "The Nightingale" is more likely to be a revisional, regenerative performance based on the strategy of conversation than an embodiment of a daring novelty.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.39 no.6 s.105
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• pp.955-970
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• 2004

With the flow of globalization, world aviation markets are showing growing trends toward liberalization, deregulation, and privatization. At the same time, also apparent is a strong trend toward regionalism on aviation markets to realize open skies at the regional level. This research examines the recent trend of regionalism in the world aviation market from a political economic perspective, taking a single European aviation market as an example. The results show that the creation of a single European aviation market is the EU's strategic response against the US to enhance the European aviation industry's competitiveness. More specifically, the results show that the European countries are creating a single European aviation market in order to stand against the US' so-called 'divide and nile policy' and 'encirclement strategy' and to make their airliners to have competitive advantages over the US airliners on the lucrative North-Atlantic air routes. Recently, the single European aviation market is expanding by including the Mediterranean and Balkan states to pursue Pan European aviation cooperation and to develop European Common Aviation Area so that it can continuously enhance its negotiating leverage against external markets. The results imply that it is urgent for the Northeast Asian countries to create their own regional aviation bloc to develop their aviation industry and to increase their negotiating power against external countries.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.51
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• pp.59-82
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• 2018

This study notes that the concept of painterliness, as defined by Heinrich $W{\ddot{o}}lfflin$, can apply to represent features in $Micha{\ddot{e}}l$, Dudok de Wit's animated short film Father and Daughter. It intends to examine the animated film's visual representation and narrative features in terms of painterliness. Comparing the Renaissance art style of the 16th century to the Baroque art style of the 17th century, $W{\ddot{o}}lfflin$ conceptualized the features of painterly style. In respect to this animated film, the images drawn by drawing tools are represented are represented by irregular and ambiguous shapes and meet $W{\ddot{o}}lfflin^{\prime}s$ conditions for painterly representation. Such a representation method in this animated film effectively functions as a double entendre or ambiguous narrative, while playing a key role in representing lyricism. In this animated film, painterliness contrasts with clarity, which commercial animated films provide, and plays a critical role in the representation methods utilized by auteurist animation directors. Painterliness in animated films is an element that should be highlighted, especially in the contemporary world where the forms of representation are becoming increasingly monolithic due to digital techniques. Continued research is greatly needed on this subject matter. Based on Father and Daughter, this study aims to examine the method of painterly representation that can be used in animation films, to explore its meaning and to underscore the importance of diversity in the forms of representation in animated films.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.93-101
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• 2004

A face boundary can be approximated by an ellipse with five-dimensional parameters. This property allows an ellipse detection algorithm to be adapted to detecting faces. However, the construction of a huge five-dimensional parameter space for a Hough transform is quite unpractical. Accordingly, we Propose a selectively attentional Hough transform method for detecting faces from a symmetric contour in an image. The idea is based on the use of a constant aspect ratio for a face, gradient information, and scan-line-based orientation decomposition, thereby allowing a 5-dimensional problem to be decomposed into a two-dimensional one to compute a center with a specific orientation and an one-dimensional one to estimate a short axis. In addition, a two-point selection constraint using geometric and gradient information is also employed to increase the speed and cope with a cluttered background. After detecting candidate face regions using the proposed Hough transform, a multi-layer perceptron verifier is adopted to reject false positives. The proposed method was found to be relatively fast and promising.

• Journal of Korean Philosophical Society
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• no.114
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• pp.241-263
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• 2016

History is not only Hegel's philosophical subject, but it corresponds to his entire system of philosophy. Because his system of philosophy is a description of the self-movement of spirit and 'world history' reveals the overall movement of spirit. Hegel's 'historical and philosophical standpoint' goes through the description of his entire system, and this tendency is more and more reinforced towards the later Hegel. If it is reasonable to find the corresponding relationship between Hegel's system of philosophy and 'world history', the relationship between 'objective spirit' and 'absolute spirit' must be systematically unraveled in the horizon of world history. The world-historical perspective in 'objective spirit' has the limit to consider 'modern European nations' as a final destination. On the contrary, world history that acts as a mediator in the transition from 'objective spirit' to 'absolute spirit' makes it possible to jump in absolute horizon by recognizing limitations of nation states and avoiding specific and limited conditions dialectically. So what is revealed through the study of 'world history' in Hegel's system of philosophy is that in the view of 'absolute spirit' of art, religion, philosophy 'political state' is not the end that all mankind should aim at. Therefore, it is undesirable only to criticize Hegel's philosophy of history as 'Eurocentrism'.

• Journal of the Korean Arthroscopy Society
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.134-138
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• 2008

SLAP(Superior labrum anterior to posterior) lesion is found in superior labrum injury alone and also combined with extension of the Bankart lesion(anteroinferior labral tear) in recurrent shoulder dislocation patients and rarely accompanied by the posterior Bankart lesion. There have been reports about SLAP lesions associated with various lesions, however, posterior type II SLAP lesion associated with posterior Bankart lesion has been rarely reported. In such a case, there are important technical tips in inserting anchors and suturing during arthroscopic repair. We experienced a rare case of posterior type II SLAP lesion associated with posterior Bankart lesion, occurred not after repetitive throwing(common mechanism) but after trauma in slipping down with the arm stretched during riding a bicycle. The satisfactory result was obtained after arthroscopic repair in this case.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.155-162
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• 2017

This paper suggests efficient learning improvement method of computer use instruction based on flipped learning. Traditional computer use classes were difficult to practice and collaborative with sufficient lectures. However, we used KOCW (Korea Open Courseware) as a footsteps in the class using the flipped learning method and learned in advance before entering the classroom. In the classroom, we conducted collaborative hands on class based on mutual discussion. After the instruction, we measured learning motivation and satisfaction by gender, grade, and major using the motivation test tool. The results showed that degree of attention awareness, perception of class relevance and perception of learning satisfaction were analyzed as 'very satisfied' and 'satisfied' more than 90%.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.541-546
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• 1990

Bacillus sphaericus ts-Dl290 was characterized by SDS-PAGE produced by the mutant at $30^{\circ}C$ and $42^{\circ}C$. The total amount of proteins produced by the mutant at $42^{\circ}C$ decreased to one-fifth of those at $30^{\circ}C$; however, when the culture was shifted down from $42^{\circ}C$ after 4 to $30^{\circ}C$, the total amount of protein decreased to one-third and the 221 kd protein did not appear, but the 155 kd appeared remarkably. When the mutant and the wild type strain were cultured in the media containing 80$\mu g$ per ml of chloramphenicol at $42^{\circ}C$, the wild type strain synthesized half amounts of the total proteins than those at $30^{\circ}C$, and the mutant produced one-tenth of the total protein amounts. When the both strains were cultured in the media containing chloramphenicol, the 155 kd protein was produced was produced in lesser amounts than those without chloramphenicol. The 150 kd protein showed lethal activity to Culex pipiens 3rd instar larvae.

• 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2007.02b
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• pp.206-212
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• 2007

웹을 기반으로 하는 e-러닝에 대한 교육적 수요는 증가하고 있다. 이와 동시에, 학습 공간으로서의 사이버 공간의 활용에 대한 고민도 증가하였다. 전통적인 학습활동을 사이버 공간에 복제하려 했던 고전적 방식이 e-러닝 또는 사이버 학습이 아니라는 사실을 확인하기 시작했기 때문이다. e-러닝의 가치가 강조됨에도 불구하고, 실제 사이버 공간에서 일어나는 학습자의 특성과 학습활동이 구체적으로 어떻게 일어나는 지에 대한 탐색은 미흡하다. 산재한 정보를 스스로 가공한 지식, '학습하는 방법을 학습'하는 것이라는 개념들이 제시됨에도 불구하고, 사이버 공간에 산재한 정보, 학습하는 방법의 학습, 그리고 사이버 공간의 학습특성에 대한 논란은 여전하다. 본 연구에서는 실제 사이버 학습 사이트를 이용하고 있는 학습자들의 행동을 중심으로, 학습자의 특성을 탐색하였다. 사이버 공간에서 보이는 스스로 학습하는 방법이 무엇인지 확인하고 이것이 다양한 학습자 유형으로 구분되는 지를 확인하고자 하였다. 연구대상이 된 사이버 학습 사이트는 서울, 부산, 대구, 광주 교육청에서 운영하는 사이버 가정 학습관이었다. 총 1535명의 사이버 가정 학습관 이용자들의 특성이 분석되었다. 사이버 가정학습관 이용자들의 행동특성은 9개의 요인-놀이 활동, 공동 경험, 현실 정체, 공동 성취, 개인주의, 경쟁 지향, 성취감, 편리성(조작 용이), 생생함-으로 구분되었다. 9개의 활동 요인을 기준으로 하여 확인된 학습자 유형은 4가지로 나타났다. 4가지 학습자 유형은 각각 독야청청형, 동고동락형, 의무방어형, 희희낙낙형으로 명명되었다. 이들 유형은 학습 활동 정도 및 사이트 이용 행동, 학습 스타일(사이버 학습 활동 양식)에서 서로 차이가 있었다. 본 연구는 기존의 이론적인 모델에 기초하여 임의적으로 구분된 사이버 학습자 유형 구분이 아닌, 실제 학습 활동을 탐색하였다는 측면에서 의미가 있다. 특히, 기존의 오프라인 학습 이론 및 학습자 특성 연구를 사이버 학습에 그대로 적용할 것이 아니라 사이버 공간의 특성이 실제 학습 활동에서 어떻게 나타났는지를 밝히려고 했다는데 그 의의가 있다. 향후, 사이버 학습자 유형에 따른, 사이버 학습활동의 촉진방안이나 학습 효과의 차이를 높일 수 있는 구체적인 학습 시스템의 설계 및 운영 모델에 대한 탐색이 필요할 것이다.