• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
• /
• v.29 no.1
• /
• pp.22-31
• /
• 2017

To find out the stress response and wound healing of surgical incisions, we analyzed the change of stress hormone and the healing process in far eastern catfish, Silurus asotus. The survival rate of the clove oil (1,000 ppm) anesthesia group after surgery was about 90% in 3~42 days, while no anesthesia group showed about 74%. Thus, the survival rate after anesthesia group was higher than that of the no anesthesia group. The plasma cortisol concentration of the clove oil anesthesia group was higher than that of the no anesthesia group (P<0.05). In addition, the plasma glucose concentration of clove oil anesthesia group was higher than that of the no anesthesia group (P<0.05). The plasma lactic acid concentration of clove oil anesthetized group was higher than that of the not anesthetized group (P<0.05). On the 14 days and 28 days after surgery, there were still stitching fiber of suture and swimming behavior was not active. On the 35 days after surgery, trace of the suture has almost disappeared on the outside of the fish. Finally, 42 days after surgery, stitching fiber was not visible, and the sutured wounds were distinctly recovered. The results of this study showed that the anesthesia group showed higher survival rate and received less postoperative stress than that of the no anesthesia group. Surgical wound healing in the catfish of this study was shown to be successful when using anesthetics.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
• /
• v.37 no.6_1
• /
• pp.1559-1572
• /
• 2021

The response of vegetation under the crop stress condition was evaluated using structural, biochemical, and physiological vegetation indices based on unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) images and field-spectrometer data. A high concentration of herbicide was sprayed at the different growth stages of garlic to process crop stress, the above ground dry matter of garlic at experimental area (EA) decreased about 46.2~84.5% compared to that at control area. The structural vegetation indices clearly responded to these crop damages. Spectral reflectance at near-infrared wavelength consistently decreased at EA. Most biochemical vegetation indices reflected the crop stress conditions, but the meaning of physiological vegetation indices is not clear due to the effect of vinyl mulching. The difference of the decreasing ratio of vegetation indices after the herbicide spray was 2.3% averagely in the case of structural vegetation indices and 1.3~4.1% in the case of normalization-based vegetation indices. These results meant that appropriate vegetation indices should be utilized depending on the types of crop stress and the cultivation environment and the normalization-based vegetation indices measured from the different spatial scale has the minimized difference.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
• /
• v.17 no.4
• /
• pp.296-300
• /
• 1998

The analysis of biochemical changes in tobacco plant as increase of NaCl concentraion was conducted. Total protein content and soluble protein content were decreased as NaCl concentration was increased, in that steady decreased until 120mM NaCl and largely decreased at 150mM NaCl. The expression of 74Kd subunit was increased until 60mM NaCl. However, the amount of 74Kd protein was decreased from 90mM NaCl. There was no difference for expression of other protein subunits. Chlorophyll a content was significantly decrease as NaCl concentration was increased, but chlorophyll b content was not much decreased. The slow increase up to 120mM NaCl and large increase at 150mM NaCl for ATPase and peroxidase activities indicated that 120mM NaCl could be a limiting concentration for salt injury.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
• /
• v.48 no.4
• /
• pp.381-388
• /
• 2020

Bioluminescence refers to the production and emission of light in living organisms. This phenomenon arises from luciferase-catalyzed oxidation reaction of luciferin. Bioluminescence is widely observed in marine vertebrates and invertebrates, as well as in some microorganisms and fungi. To date, approximately 80 species of fungi have been reported to be luminous. One such example is Omphalotus japonicus, which is a luminous fungus found in Korea. In this study, we examined the bioluminescence of Omphalotus japonicus mycelia. Light emission was detected at the edges of mycelia grown on solid agar medium. Notably, the intensity of bioluminescence was found to be significantly enhanced following wound induction. The increase in light intensity peaked at 3 h after mechanical damage. We also investigated the effects of extreme temperatures on bioluminescence. Unlike mechanical damage, high and low temperatures repressed the light emission from mycelia. Further investigations are required to reveal the physiological and ecological properties of fungal bioluminescent responses to environmental stresses.

• Journal of fish pathology
• /
• v.25 no.1
• /
• pp.47-58
• /
• 2012

Behavioral and physiological responses of juvenile red seabream (Pagrus major) to different concentrations of ethanol were investigated. No swimming and no reaction to touching by a wooden stick was observed at 0.6% ethanol group in behavioral response, and survival rate was 100% after 5 hours of treatment. Red blood cell count, hematocrit and hemoglobin levels in plasma were not significantly different among all groups. AST activities in plasma significantly decreased as ethanol concentration increased. On the contrary, ALT activities in plasma significantly increased as ethanol concentration increased. Cortisol level in plasma was the lowest in 0.6% ethanol group. Glucose levels in plasma increased significantly when ethanol concentration increased more than 0.4%. Oxygen consumption of fish in 0.6% ethanol seawater was constantly lower than that of fish in control seawater from 2 hours after the exposure to ethanol seawater until the end of experiment.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
• /
• v.30 no.1
• /
• pp.1-8
• /
• 2018

We tried to determine the optimum salinity for a cultured of olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) by investigating after exposing the fish at different salinity (10, 15, 20 and 25 psu) for 24 and 48 hours compared with control group (fish before transfer to experimental tank). As a control groups, we compared an analyzed with other experimental groups using olive flounder in natural sea water. Hematological parameters including hematocrit (Ht) and hemoglobin (Hb), cortisol and glucose, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT), $NH_3$, osmolality, total protein (TP), $Na^+$, $K^+$ and $Cl^-$ mostly exhibited significant changes at 10 and 15 psu groups compared with control groups for 24 and 48 hours exposed. Plasma SOD (superoxide dismutase) and CAT (catalase) activity also increased with experimental groups (10 and 15 psu) compared to the control groups. The expression of HSP70 mRNA was also higher at low-salinity (10 and 15 psu) than at control group. In particular, after 24 hours exposed, it expression to 15 psu groups showed a significant difference compared to the control group. However, after 48 hours exposed, it expression was higher in the 10 psu groups than the control. It is assumed that the changes in the hematological responses and hormone, homeostasis and metabolism were resulted in to protect fish body from stress. Based on these results, we are expected that it will be used as basic data for the culture of olive flounder prepared for low salinity.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
• /
• v.28 no.1
• /
• pp.1-8
• /
• 2016

This study was conducted to investigate the physiological responses of sevenband grouper, Epinephelus septemfasciatus at low temperature condition in winter season. Water temperature was dropped from $12^{\circ}C$ to $5^{\circ}C$ by two different interval (interval I: $-1^{\circ}C/24h$ and interval II: $-1^{\circ}C/8h$). The experimental fishes were exposed for 9 days at each water temperature condition, and were observed survival rate. The blood sample was collected from fishes for analysis of cortisol, glucose, total protein (TP), and electrolytes ($Na^+$, $Cl^-$, $K^+$). Mortality of fish was not observed until $5^{\circ}C$. The mortality (12 individuals) began after 170 h and all fish were death after 174 h in interval I case, whereas the mortality (9 individuals) began after 72 h and all fish were death after 76 h in interval II case. Little different was observed in the physiological responses, but trend was similar between two intervals. The physiological metabolism of plasma cortisol and glucose were increased rapidly, and swimming ability and respiration response was faster at $7^{\circ}C$. This result means that the critical temperature of sevenband grouper was $7^{\circ}C$ at low water temperature condition.

• Journal of Marine Life Science
• /
• v.7 no.1
• /
• pp.29-36
• /
• 2022

Sea cucumber, Aposticopus japonicus, is a major invertebrate species in the coastal regions of Korea. To evaluate the short-term stress levels according to the releasing methods, this study investigated the gene expression profiles of heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. When the juvenile sea cucumbers were packed in the vinyl bag with oxygen followed by transportation for 30 min or air-exposed for 1 h, the HSP90 gene expression levels in the experimental groups were significantly increased compared to those of the control groups (transported group, p=0.001; air-exposed group, p=0.032). The experimental group at 6 h post-release by seed-spreading method and at 2~6 h post-release by underwater hose-releasing method on board a fishing boat showed that the levels of HSP90 gene expression were not statistically significant but decreased slightly compared to the control group (seed-spreading group, p=0.069; hose-releasing group, p=0.093). On the other hand, the HSP90 gene expression showed an increasing pattern as the time passed (~6 h) after underwater release of juvenile sea cucumbers by divers (p=0.061). These results suggest that HSP90 gene expression can be used to investigate short-term stress response and effective releasing methods of juvenile sea cucumbers.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
• /
• v.33 no.3
• /
• pp.247-256
• /
• 2008

The belief that stress leads to illness has a long history. A number of the orofacial disease are also closely associated with stress. Despite research in the relationship of stress and the orofacial diseases leading to statistically significant correlations, the pathology remains vague. In the present study, the expression of clusterin, a stress protein responsible for antiapoptosis and cytoprotection, under restraint stress condition was observed in the submandibular gland, one of the major salivary glands. Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 2 groups: normal group and restraint stress group. The rats of restraint stress group were placed in the stress cages and then sacrificed at day 0, 3 and 5 day of the experiment. After that, the submandibular glands of all the rats were excised immediately. The levels of clusterin proteins and mRNA in the tissues were measured by immunohistochemistry and Northern blot analyses, respectively. The results were as follows: 1. In the immunohistochemistry, clusterin protein was detected only immediately after the application of restraint stress. 2. In the restraint stress group, at day 3 and 5, histologically apoptosis was induced with karyorrhectic and pyknotic changes. 3. By the restraint stress, acinic cells were destructed earlier than ductal cells. 4. In the Northern blot, mRNA of clusterin was expressed only immediately after the application of restraint stress. The overall results suggest that as an early response to stress, clusterin is expressed in the glands to protect the glandular cells from the stress. But if stress is so strong and prolonged that it can exceed the stress adaptability of the cells, then the cells may undergo apoptosis instead of producing clusterin. An Epidemiologic Study of Symptoms of Temporomandibular Disorders in Korean College Students.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
• /
• v.25 no.4
• /
• pp.255-261
• /
• 2016

The present study was conducted to characterize physiological responses of aerial part according to soil water stresses in 'Mihong' peach trees. Discolorations, wilting and falling of leaves were observed in chronological order as response for waterlogging and no irrigation and the phenomena started from basal to end of shoots. Shoot growth in elongation and thickness decreased and fallen leaves were severe in waterlogged trees. Function of water uptake by roots and photosynthesis and leaf respiration decreased by waterlogging. Leaf chlorophyll contents decreased in both treatments. In waterlogging treatment, decrease of chlorophyll was observed in normal leaves with waterlogging using light microscopy. Starch content was lower in both treatment and carbohydrate content was lower in root with waterlogging. These results demonstrated that waterlogging weakened the function of soil water uptake and movement and decreased photosynthesis and fallen leaves. Finally the peach trees would wither or suffer low temperature damage through the shortage of reserve accumulations. We suggested that waterlogging damage in peach trees could be reduced to take notice of irrigation and install drainage facility to improve soil condition.