• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.13 no.8
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• pp.3578-3585
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to establish the critical limit at CCP (Critical Control Point) of HACCP (Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point) system for instant noodle and it was conducted at P company in Ichen(Gyeonggi-do), Korea. According to the CCP, Fried process were experimented to removal and decrease of microbiological and chemical hazards by measuring of each temperature and times. As a result, the standard plate count and pathogenic microorganism were not detected by fried processing (Temperature : $145{\pm}10^{\circ}C$, Time : $75{\pm}30$ sec). The acid value of chemical hazards produced by fried processing was able to manage, showed lower (0.2) than the legal limit (0.6). Air-borne bacterial examination results detected(3 CFU/mL, 3 CFU/mL) in the Frying Room and Steam Room. Therefore, the CCP-BC of fried process would be a great alternative to prevent and remove hazard analysis, such as general and pathogenic microorganism (E. coli O157:H7, B. cereus, Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella spp, Sthaph. aureus etc), chemical hazard analysis. In conclusion, it suggested that HACCP plan was necessary for management standard and systematic approach in establishement of critical limit, solving the problem, method of verification, education and records management by fried processing.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.9
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• pp.464-471
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• 2016

To investigate the effects of cardiac rehabilitation (CR) on cardiopulmonary exercise capacity in both elderly and younger patients with myocardial infarction (MI). Of the MI patients who received hospital-based CR between February 2012 and December 2015, we retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients who continued a follow-up through the outpatient clinic. A total of 46 patients (18 elderly patients (${\geq}60years$) and 28 younger patient (< 60)) were included in this study. The subjects visited the clinic to perform aerobic exercises with ECG monitoring based on their initial exercise tolerance test outcome. The exercise capacity was measured by symptom-limited exercise tests before and after hospital-based CR. Before CR, the elderly group had a significantly lower exercise capacity in peak VO2, METs, anaerobic threshold, exercise time, respiratory exchange ratio (RER) than the younger group. After CR, elderly groups showed a significantly improved exercise capacity in exercise time, HRmax, HRrest, peak VO2, METs, anaerobic threshold, and RER. Both elderly and younger groups showed similar improvement of cardiopulmonary exercise capacity after hospital-based CR. There is a very low cardiac rehabilitation participation and referral rates with MI patients in Korea. It is considered necessary to further expand the participation of cardiac rehabilitation in elderly MI patients.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.149-153
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• 1993

Daily energy expenditures (DEE) of 82 co-eds in a University were estimated simultaneously by use of calorie counter and 15-min check list diary for 3 days, including a weekend day. The results are summarized as follows. The mean values of DEE from 15-min check list diary and calorie counter were 1967kcal and 1649kcal, respectively. DEE obtained with 15-min check list diary seems to be consistent with the results made by others concerning DEE of college female in Korea, but DEE by calorie counter was lower than that. However, DEE by calorie counter show high correlations with anthropometric indices of subjects and DEE by 15-min check list diary. Therefore, DEE by 15-min check list diary was taken as standard and regression equation for predicting DEE of subjects were developed: DEE by 15-min check list diary =3.31186 + 1.18837 $\times$ DEE by calorie counter. This technique for measuring DEE permits us to have more accurate estimate of DEE and acceptable to the subjects. When the subjects classified as underweight, normal, overweight according to relative body weight(RBW), DEE and DEE per kg of body weight were significantly different from each other between three groups based on RBW. The frequency of 15-minute periods with a categorical value of 1 was significantly higher in overweight than underweight and normal groups and the frequency of a categorical value 3 was significantly lower in overweight than underweight group. From the results shown above, physical activity level of overweight group was lower than that of normal and underweight groups.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.12 no.12
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• pp.2349-2356
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• 2008

In this paper, we present the method to effectively extract and classify the EEG caused by only brain activity when a normal subject is in a state of mental activity. We measure the synchronous EEG on the auditory event when a subject who is in a normal state thinks of a specific task, and then shift the baseline and reduce the effect of biological artifacts on the measured EEG. Finally we extract only the mental task signal by averaging method, and then perform the recognition of the extracted mental task signal by computing the AR coefficients. In the experiment, the auditory stimulus is used as an event and the EEG was recorded from the three channel $C_3-A_1$, $C_4-A_2$ and $P_Z-A_1$. After averaging 16 times for each channel output, we extracted the features of specific mental tasks by modeling the output as 12th order AR coefficients. We used total 36th order coefficient as an input parameter of the neural network and measured the training data 50 times per each task. With data not used for training, the rate of task recognition is 34-92 percent on the two tasks, and 38-54 percent on the four tasks.

• Journal of The Korean Ophthalmological Society
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• v.59 no.11
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• pp.1062-1070
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• 2018

Purpose: We evaluated the prognostic factors of open globe injuries in children and adolescents, and compared the ocular trauma score (OTS) and pediatric penetrating ocular trauma score (POTS). Methods: We performed a retrospective review of 77 children under 18 years of age who visited our clinic with open globe injuries between May 1993 and April 2014. We investigated the factors that may affect final visual acuity. We also compared the OTS and POTS using receiver operating characteristic curves as a method to predict final visual acuity. Results: By univariate analysis, an initial visual acuity less than 20/200, globe rupture, wound size greater than 7.0 mm, retinal detachment, lens dislocation, and total number of operations contributed to worse visual outcomes (<20/200). Conversely, central corneal involvement, traumatic cataract, wound size less than 7.0 mm, and initial visual acuity greater than 20/200 were better prognostic indicators (${\geq}20/32$). Both OTS and POTS had diagnostic value as a predictor of final visual acuity, although there were no statistically significant differences between the two scoring systems. Conclusions: Initial visual acuity and wound size are important prognostic factors for the final visual acuity in children and adolescent, following open globe injuries. Both OTS and POTS are reliable prognostic models for open globe injuries in children and adolescents.

• Journal of Korean Classical Literature and Education
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• no.32
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• pp.225-260
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• 2016

This paper aims to shed light on the structure of "Eonji[言志]" to demonstrate that it is a song with educational purposes, which is evident in its meaning and constitution. Based on various records of the epilogue and from the texts handed down several generations, it is clear that is an educational song that describes the life of ascholar and the core of knowledge as considered by Lee-Huang. Therefore, the meaning contained in Eonji[言志] is closely related to Lee-Huang's thoughts and it reflects the Confucian way of life. In the 4thphase, Pimi-ilin[彼美一人] of Eonji[言志] states that self-learning and serving the king can be carried out concurrently. The 5th phase of Eonji[言志] describes the anxiety of the lord for the wiseman and urges people to live a life full of consideration. This shows that one should not disregard the fact that a wise man's scholarship and life can contribute to the politics of the real world, even if the wise one chooses to lead a life of seclusion; even when the wise man enters the word of politics, his behavior and traits must not deviate from the calm course of self-cultivation in nature. The structure of Eonji[言志] and its different phases comprising nature, scholarship, and education deal with the following matters: "the meaning of retirement into nature (1stphase)," "nature+the practice of scholarship (2ndphase)," "scholarship+the practice of education (3rdphase)," "nature+the stance of scholarship (4thphase)," "scholarship+the stance of education (5thphase)," and "the beauty of nature+idea of scholarship and education (6thphase)."

• (The) Research of the performance art and culture
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• no.36
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• pp.783-837
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• 2018

This study examines the lives and the performances of the people who participated in Songpa Sandae-nori(a korean traditional mask dance drama) before and after the designation as cultural heritage, and reviews the changes and the inheritance patterns of the mask dance which appeared in the lives of the performers. Chapter 2 reviewed previous debates about the derivational theory and the players of Songpa Sandae-nori before the flood in 1925, and discussed on awareness and the characteristics of the performers found through the review. Then the study went on to the inheritance patterns of the drama before the designation, focusing on the figures of Dolmari(a name of village in Songpa, Seoul) players who led the stage after 1925. As a result, the missing part of the activities and the lives of Dolmari performers have been more clearly identified, especially about Lee Beomman, Yeo taesan and Eum Joongeun(the main performers of Songpa Sandae-nori). Chapter 3 is about the inheritance patterns of the cultural heritage after the designation, and Heo Hoyoung was the main focus of the discussion. The researches so far have admitted his great contributions to the designation of cultural asset, although they have not proved how. After investigating various records and combining the testimonies of his students and locals, Heo Ho-young was found that he did not only gave plays of Songpa Sandae-nori but also actively engaged in the field of various traditional arts. Furthermore, jokes, dances, and masks left by him are considered to be evidences to reassess his performances.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.51 no.6
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• pp.579-587
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• 2018

Chungnam Basin has been known as one of the largest Mesozoic basins in Korea, filled mainly with so-called Daedong Supergroup. The basin has evolved as the Early to Middle Jurassic intra-arc volcano-sedimentary basin developed on top of the Late Triassic to Early Jurassic post-collisional basin in this area, recording evolutionary history of the Mesozoic tectonics in the southwestern Korean Peninsula. This study carries out the geometric interpretations of the Seongjuri syncline and its surroundings in the central part of the Chungnam Basin, based on detailed structural field survey. Based on its doubly-plunging fold geometry, the Seongjuri syncline could be subdivided into the southwestern and northeastern domains. On the down-plunge profiles of the southwestern domain of the Seongjuri syncline as well as the underlying Okma fold, the Okma fault shows typical geometry of a basement-involved reverse fault that propagated up to the sedimentary cover. The profiles illustrate that the Seongjuri syncline occurs in front of the tip of the Okma fault, likely implying its origin as a part of the fault-related fold system. The result of this study will provide better insight into the structural interpretation of the Chungnam Basin, and will further provide useful information for the Mesozoic orgenic events of the southwestern Korean Peninsula.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.267-274
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• 2019

To investigate the effect of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on the outcomes of cardiac rehabilitation(CR) in elderly and younger patients with myocardial infarction(MI). Of the MI patients who received hospital-based CR from 2015 to 2017, we retrospectively reviewed the medical records of the patients who continued follow-up through the outpatient clinic. A total of 39 patients (20 elderly patients (${\geq}60year$($64.1{\pm}3.6$)) and 19 younger patients (< 60 year($55.6{\pm}2.3$)) was included in this study. The HIIT program was composed of 10 minutes of warm-up, 30 minutes of interval aerobic exercise, and 10 minutes of cool down. The aerobic exercise based on their initial exercise tolerance test outcome consisted of 3-minute usual intensity phase (60-70% of heart rate/VO2 reserve) and 4-minute of high-intensity phase (70-90% of heart rate/VO2 reserve). Exercise capacity was measured by exercise tests before and after hospital- based CR. Before CR, elderly group had a significantly lower exercise capacity in Exercise time, peak VO2, METs, Anaerobic threshold, VEmax, 02pulse than younger group. Both group showed similar improvement of cardiopulmonary exercise capacity after CR. And HIIT is safe and effective in elderly patients. It is considered necessary to further expansion for the participation of high intensity interval training in elderly patients.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.39
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• pp.191-217
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• 2006

The chief mourners do their best to carry the dead and various things related to him in the departure of a funeral procession. "Sejongsillok" and "Gukjooryeui" had already written the national funeral supplies for carriage in detail in the early of Joseon period. But they were the standard book of national ceremony. The Ilbang of Gukjangdogam made the national funeral supplies for carriage in the late of Joseon; Daeyeo, Gyeonyeo, Yoyeo, Chaeyeo, Gaja etc. "Gukjangdogamuigye" explained these in detail; size, materials, made-place etc. I used "Gukjangdogamuigye" published in the late of Joseon to explain the national funeral supplies for carriage. Because Kingdom's ceremony in Joseon was representative to the country, it couldn't depend on an individual taste. King was the symbol of a nation and the star tin point of the political power at that time. So its ceremony was to show people the representative example as a national ceremony. The national funeral supplies for carriage carried the dead of King and various things related to him. Gukjangdogam managed them carefully. People thought that the mean of these things was equal to King's authority at that time. So these weren't the mere national funeral supplies for carriage, the symbolic instruments equal to King.