• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.33-42
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• 2012

Recent development and penetrating expansion in ICT(Information and Communication Technology) has brought considerable improvements in transportation services. However, there is a controversial debate whether transportation and communications behave as substitutes or as complements to one another. On this subject, recent studies considered those two industries as services, but transportation and communications are broadly put for intermediary goods into other industries. Hence, it is essential to examine this issue from understanding their relationships to each other with respect to manufacturing and services. In this study, input-output tables of benchmark years from 1980 to 2005 have been analysed to explore the relationships between transportation and communications using Spearman's correlation analysis. The results show that both industries had complementary roles over the period, but, to some extent, changed into substitution roles in some categories.

• 한국IT서비스학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.424-429
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• 2006

정부의 행정 서비스를 보다 효과적이고 효율적으로 제공하는 것은 정부혁신의 핵심키워드이다. 이를 위한 수단으로 정부 공공기관들은 전사적 아키텍처(Enterprise Architecture)를 적극적으로 도입, 활용해야 한다. 전사적 아키텍처란 아직까지도 진화중인 개념으로 해당 기관 정보화 업무의 전 영역을 업무 프로세스(Business Processes), 정보 흐름 및 관계(Information Flow and Relationships), 애플리케이션(Applications),데이터 명세 및 관계(Date Descriptions and Relationships), 그리고 기술 하부구조(Technology Infrastructure)로 구분 짓고 각각을 구조화된 산출물로 정리함으로써 공공정보화의 청사진을 제시한다. 이렇게 구축된 아키텍처 결과물은 기관 내 뿐 아니라 타 기관 EA와의 연계를 통해 상호 운용되어야 하며, 이 과정에서 어휘의미중의성(Word Sense Ambiguation)등 상호운용성 문제가 핵심 이슈로 대두되리라 예상된다. 공공분야로 한정짓더라도 200여 정부부처 EA간의 상호운용성 문제는 정부조직 간 경계를 넘어 통합된 EA정보를 취합, 활용하는 데 있어 가장 큰 장애요인이 되리라 예상된다. 본 논문에서는 온톨로지를 사용하여 각기 서로 다른 EA간 상호운용성 문제를 해결하는 방안에 대해 논의하고자 한다.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.37-51
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• 2020

Customer participation in the service encounter plays an important role in the interaction process. In addition, customer participation is affecting the development of relationships between customer-service provider. Previous researches revealed the role of customer participation through a fragmented and cross-sectional approach, however, given the dynamics of the relationship, it is necessary to identify the role of customer participation from a longitudinal perspective. In addition, it is necessary to determine the cause of the overlap between the antecedent variables and consequent variables. This study aims to identify the relational role of customer participation by clarifying how customer participation affects relationship development from a longitudinal perspective, focusing on trust and commitment variables which are keys to relationship marketing. The related role of customer participation is analyzed through a regression analysis through long-term data. The results of the study showed that commitment(t1) directly had a positive effect on customer participation. However, trust(t1) has been shown to have a direct positive effect on the sub-dimensions of customer participation, such as personal interaction and responsible behavior. Customer participation(t2) affected by this trust(t1) and commitment(t1) again turned out to have a positive effect on trust(t3) and commitment(t3). In conclusion, although customer participation is affected by the relational variables, it can be seen that customer participation is a major factor that can improve the relational variables again through the interaction process. For this reason, a service firm can seek to develop relationships with customers by drawing and utilizing their needs to exchange information and to interact in the service encounter.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.9
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• pp.15-19
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• 1969

Experiments were carried out to make clear the relationships among some morphological characters of four-varieties of mulberry trees. Simple correlation coefficients and particial correlation coefficients were calcultated among the characters, namely branch length, branch diameter, leaf number per branch, leaf area per branch, node number per branch, total branch wt. branch weight except leaves and leaf weight per branch of the mulberry trees. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. Variances of the characters and covariances between the each characters are shown in table 1, and simple correlation coefficients among various characters are shown in table 2. It was observed that there were close relationships between yield (leaf weight) and branch length, branch diameter, leaf number per branch, leaf are per branch, node number per branch, total branch weight and branch weight except leaves, respectively. 2. Partial correlation coefficients among some characters are shown in table 3. From this table, it was also observed that leaf yield of mulberry trees and leaf area are more closely related more than leaf yield and the other characters of mulberry trees in four different varieties. From the experimental studies, it was recognized that the four characters, namely branch length, branch diameter, leaf number and leaf area, should be very useful characters in the estimation of mulberry leaf yield as they could be measured. or counted easily before harvest of mulberry leaves, and are affected more in mulberry 1eaf yields than the other characters.

• Asia Marketing Journal
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.79-102
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• 2011

Researchers in channel dyads have devoted much attention to relationship between interdependence (i.e. interdependence enymmetry and total interdependence) and conflict that promote channel performance. In social science, in spite of the inconsistent results in marketing practice, there are two contradictory theories explain the relationship between interdependence and conflict - bilateral deterrence theory and conflict spiral theory. The authors apply these theories to co-marketing alliance situation in terms that this relationship is also incorporated both company's dependence, either from one company's perspective or each partner about its respective dependence. Using survey data and archival data from 181 companies enlisted in a telecommunication membership program, the authors find out the relationship between interdependence and conflict as well as investigate the antecedents of interdependence - transaction age, transaction frequency, the numbers of alliance partner, and co-marketing alliance specific assets according to previous researches. Using PLS analysis, the authors demonstrate that, with increasing total interdependence in a telecommunication membership program, two co-marketing partners' conflict level is increased in accord with the author's conflict spiral theory predictions. As expected, higher interdependence asymmetry has negative value to level of conflict even though this result is not statistically significant. Other findings can be summarized as follows. In the perspective of telecommunication company, transaction age, transaction frequency, and co-marketing alliance specific assets have influence on its dependence on a partner as independent variables. To the contrary, in a partner's perspective, transaction frequency, co-marketing alliance specific assets and the numbers of alliance partner have significantly impact on its dependence on a telecommunication company. In direct effect analysis, it is shown that transaction age, frequency and co-marketing alliance specific assets have direct influence on conflict. This results suggest that it is more useful for a telecommunication company to select a co-marketing partner which is frequently used by customers and earned high rates of mileage. In addition, the results show that dependence of a telecommunication company on a co-marketing partner is more significantly effected to co-marketing alliance conflict than partner's one. It provide an effective conflict management strategy to a telecommunication company for controling customer's usage rate or having the co-marketing partner deposit high level of alliance specific investment (i.e. mileage). To a co-marketing partner of telecommunication company, it is required control the percentage of co-marketing sales in total sales revenue or seek various co-marketing partners in order for co-marketing conflict management. The research implications, limitation and future research of these results are discussed.

• Journal of Service Research and Studies
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.1-19
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• 2020

It is very important to explore new management theories that are better in line with the modern service economy era in order to cement the foundation of the service industry in this rapidly changing business environment. This study examined the relationship between service essentials and job performance by service industry, and verified and discussed in depth whether there is difference between service essentials and job performance by demographic characteristics. The results of this study are as follows: First, an analysis of the effect of service essentials on job performance found the interaction, horizontality and harmony of service essentials had positive effects on performance, but the relationship didn't. Next, an analysis of the effect of service essentials on job performance by representative service industry showed that in the transportation industry, interaction and harmony had positive effects on performance, but relationship and horizontality didn't affect performance. In the financial and insurance industries, horizontality and interaction had positive effects on performance, but harmony and relationship didn't affect performance. Accommodation and food industries, interaction, horizontality and harmony had positive effects on performance, but relationship didn't affect performance. In the medical and health industries, interaction and horizontality had positive effects on performance, but relationship and harmony didn't affect performance. In terms of demographic characteristics, in the financial and insurance industries, interaction and harmony showed a significant difference by age, but only horizontality showed a difference by the number of years of service. In the accommodation and food industries, only horizontality showed a difference depending on the number of years of service. In the medical and health industries, relationship, horizontality and harmony showed a difference depending on the number of years of service, but only horizontality showed a significant difference by marital status. In the future, comparative national studies are needed for all industrial groups.

• Korean Journal of Child Education & Care
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.129-140
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• 2019

Objective: Teacher's professionalism means the ability to apply the knowledge, skills and attitudes related to child care effectively to carry out the child care process. Depending on the professionalism of the teacher, the teacher-infant interaction may be affected and the job satisfaction may be different. The purpose of this study was to investigate the level of perceived level of infant teachers' professionalism and to investigate the effect of professionalism of infant teachers on teacher-infant interaction and teacher's job satisfaction. In addition, through this study, it is aimed to help the infant teachers themselves to measure their own abilities and qualities and to develop individual growth by recognizing the importance of infant teacher's professionalism in the daycare center. Methods: For this study, a questionnaire survey was conducted on 329 infant teachers who were in charge of the ages between 0 and 2 years. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS / WIN 24.0 program. First, the mean and standard deviation of the subfactors of the infant teachers were determined in order to know the level of professionalism, teacher-infant interaction, In order to investigate the relationship between the variables, we conducted a Pearson correlation analysis. Finally, Multiple regression analysis was conducted to examine the effects of the teacher's professionalism on teacher-infant interaction and subfactors, and teacher job satisfaction and subfactors. Results: Teacher professionalism was found to have a positive effect on teacher-infant interaction, and caring interaction and teacher-parent-community relations were found to affect teacher-infant interaction. In addition, teacher professionalism had a positive effect on job satisfaction, and child development, curriculum, and teacher-parent-community relations were found to affect job satisfaction. Conclusion/Implications: Influence of teacher-infant interaction and teacher job satisfaction is different according to subfactors of teacher's professionalism. In particular, this suggests that it is necessary to consider ways to selectively raise the level of teacher professionalism according to the situation of infant teachers in each region.

• Annual Conference on Human and Language Technology
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• 2007.10a
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• pp.150-157
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• 2007

본 논문에서는 의존 구조 매칭과 약한 지도식 학습 방법을 적용하여 텍스트에서 IS-A 관계를 자동으로 추출하고 순위화하는 방법을 제안한다. 텍스트에서 잠재적인 IS-A 관계를 표현하는 [관계 표현, 하위어, 상위어]의 삼진관계 리스트를 추출하고, 관계 표현과 IS-A 관계 인스턴스, IS-A 관계 후보, 사이의 상호 관련성을 이용하여 각각의 점수를 반복적으로 정제한다. 제안한 방법의 대표적인 특징은 다음과 같다. 1) 의존 구조에 기반한 패턴 매칭 방법을 적용하여 정규 표현에 기반한 방법보다 다양한 형태의 삼진관계를 추출할 수 있고, 2) 도메인 코퍼스에서 통계적으로 추출한 어휘 사이의 관련성 정보를 이용하여 도메인에 적합한 IS-A 관계 인스턴스의 순위를 높일 수 있으며, 3) 관계 표현과 관계 인스턴스의 점수를 상호 관련성에 기반한 방법으로 반복적으로 점수화하여 IS-A 관계 인스턴스 사이의 변별력을 높일 수 있다. 실험에서 순위화된 관계 인스턴스는 전문가의 판단과 66%이상 일치함을 보였고, 의존 구조를 이용한 유연한 패턴 매칭 방법은 정규표현을 이용한 방법보다 43.6%의 추가적인 삼진관계를 추출하였다.

• Asia Marketing Journal
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.55-76
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• 2002

상호는 기업의 핵심 자산이며 브랜드의 가장 중요한 구성 요소이다. 그러므로 상호변경은 기업 가치와 기업 이해관계자의 반응에 영향을 미칠 수 있다. 본 연구는 마케팅 측면에서 우리나라 기업들의 상호변경에 대하여 다루었다. 연구 방법으로 사례 및 이의 내용 분석을 실시하였다. 연구 결과, 변경된 상호는 짧아진 경우가 많았으며, 상호의 제품 묘사 정도는 감소한 것으로 나타났다. 상호의 지역 표현은 제거되거나 감소되었으며, 절대적으로 필요하지 않는 단어는 상호에서 제거되는 것으로 나타났다. 약자 상호와 신조어 상호의 사용은 증가한 것으로 밝혀졌다. 우리나라 기업의 상호변경 특성으로 모기업 상호로 상호변경이 이루어진 경우가 많았으며 한자어와 영어로 된 상호가 다수를 차지하고 있었다. 그리고 이러한 현상의 대부분은 서비스업보다 제조업의 상호변경에서 더 높게 나타났다. 후반부에 바람직한 상호의 특성과 역할을 브랜드 관련 문헌들을 토대로 하여 제시하고 이를 우리나라 기업의 상호변경 사례 분석에 대비하여 논하였다. 마지막으로 본 연구의 마케팅 및 브랜드에서의 시사점과 향후 연구 방향을 제시하였다.

• Survey Research
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.25-59
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• 2017

The current study investigated how elderly husbands and wives' marital satisfaction and depression change over time and examined how changes in marital satisfaction account for changes in depression between and within the dyads. The longitudinal dyadic data from the first wave(2006) to the fifth wave(2014) of the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging(KLoSA), collected by the Korea Employment Information Service, were used for the analyses. Because husbands and wives are interdependent within couples, we applied statistical models for dyadic data. The dyadic growth model(DGM) was used to model the trajectories of marital satisfaction and depressive symptoms. In order to analyze the association of these growth factors, we proposed the dyadic growth actor-partner interdependence model(DG-APIM) and applied the model to the data. The results showed that on average the husbands' marital satisfaction was higher but decreased faster over the course of the study than the wives'. It also showed that the average depression of the husbands was lower than that of the wives but the husbands' depression increased faster than the wives' over the course of the study. The variance of the averages of husbands' (wives's) depression was accounted for by that of wives'(husbands') marital satisfaction, showing a partner effect. The variance of the slopes of husbands'(wives') depression was accounted for by that of marital satisfaction of themselves, showing an actor effect. The results showed that there is a longitudinal interdependence between husbands and wives' marital satisfaction and depression and supported the marital discord model of depression.