• The Journal of Engineering Geology
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.417-425
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• 2012

CCTV cameras are used for surveillance and purposes of security, and can also be applied for monitoring infrastructure and equipment. In the Cut Slope Management System managed by KICT (Korea Institute of Construction Technology), cut slopes are continuously monitored using a real-time system, with CCTV cameras installed at 119 sites to detect slope activity. Here we compare CCTV images with displacement at three sites and perform a quantitative analysis. Methods for improving CCTV camera management and systems are also discussed with regard to communication, obstacles, and nighttime management.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.397-404
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• 2015

Construction equipment cost is critical to estimate the total construction costs, particularly in large and complicated projects. Public construction projects are typically estimated using the Poom-Saem which includes hourly rates for workers and equipments. Despite its importance, the construction equipment cost may not properly reflect the current market value because it is being updated every six years at most. To keep the data for construction equipment cost estimation up to date, it is highly recommended to use the standard market price that is reported each year by the Ministry of Security and Public Administration (MOSPA). However, there is still a wide gap to directly adopt the standard market price for updating the construction equipment prices. Therefore, this paper suggests an effective way to develop an ordinary management systems for updating construction equipment prices in the Poom-saem based on the standard market price.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.311-318
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• 2011

On March 11, 2011, an 9.0-magnitude earthquake occurred near the northeastem coast Japanese. It was the largest earthquake that hit Japan since the beginning of modern seismometry. The earthquake occurred 179km east of the Sendai, Miyagi Prefecture, leaving about 27,000 of people confirmed dead, injured or missing due to the earthquake and tsunami. In this study, crustal Deformation in Mizusawa, Tsukuba and Usuda station were calculated based on GPS data in IGS station of Japan. The observation data were processed by precise point positioning and relative-positioning method using on-line GPS data processing services and a high precision scientific GPS/GLONASS data processing software. The coseismic displacements in IGS stations before and after the earthquake were analyzed using kinematic precise point positioning method, and the crustal deformation of the areas before and after the earthquake were precisely calculated using the relative-positioning method. The results of the study calculated precise coordination that the RMSE is maximum ${\pm}0.003m$, respectively and showed that Mizusawa station moved 2.6m southeast by the earthquake.

• Tunnel and Underground Space
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.493-511
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• 2018

This paper deals with visual confirmation device for tensile force verification in order to cope with tensile force loss of ground anchor. Ground anchors are constructed to ensure the stability of social infrastructure facilities, but continuous loss of tensile force is seriously concerned about safety of the facilities. This requires the maintenance of the anchors, but the current measuring of residual tensile force is done by sampling, taking into account economic aspects, which limits precision. In this paper, conducted a conceptual design, tensile experiment, and field test for the purpose of developing an anchor tensile force visual device to check the tensile force of the anchors.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.9
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• pp.662-671
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• 2020

It is crucial to manage and maintain the geodetic reference coordinates of GNSS continuously operating reference stations (CORSs) in consideration of their fundamental roles in geodetic control and positioning navigation infrastructure. Earthquake-induced crustal displacement directly impacts the reference coordinates, so such events should be promptly detected, and appropriate action should be made to maintain the target accuracy, including update of the geodetic coordinates. To this end, this paper deals with online schemes for the detection of persistent shifts in the coordinate time-series produced by an automatic GNSS processing system. Algorithms were implemented to test filtered results, such as hypothesis tests of the innovation sequence of a Kalman filter and a cumulative sum (CUSUM) test. The results were assessed by the time-series of coordinates of 14 CORS for two years, including the 2011 Tohoku earthquake. The results show that the global hypothesis test is practical for detecting abrupt jumps, whereas CUSUM is effective for identifying persistent shifts.

• 농업기술회보
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.24-25
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• 2012

최근 한반도의 기후변화 진행속도는 세계평균의 2배 이상을 웃돌며 외국에 비해 기상재해 발생 가능성이 증가하고 있다. 태풍, 집중호우 등 풍수해가 증가하면서 상시화되는 경향을 보이며 강수량 증가로 호우피해가 확대되고 있다. 1월 한파, 2~3월에는 일조부족, 3~4월 저온, 5~6월 우박과 강수랑 부족으로 일부지역에서 농작물 가뭄피해가 발생했다. 여름철을 맞아 집중호우, 태풍, 폭염에 대비한 농작물 관리요령을 알아보자.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 1987

A pot experiment was conducted to find out the effect of water management on the growth and uptake of arsenic and inorganic nutrients of rice plant at As added soil. The arsenic were added to soil at the levels of As 0, 10, 50, 100 and 150 ppm, respectively. Water management was done with two ways: intermittent irrigation from ten days after transplanting, and continuous submersion until harvest. Higher soil As levels increased As content in plant but reduced growth rate. Aresenic content in plant was considerably reduced with intermittent irrigation compared to continuous submersion. Rice growth showed also same trend. With increasing As levels in soil, N content in plant was increased but P, K, Ca, Mg, $SiO_2$, Fe and Mn content in plant were tend to be decreased. These inorganic nutrients in plant were also much absorbed in continuous submersion compared to intermittent irrigation. Soil pH was slightly increased with increasing As levels in soil while soil Eh has no relationship with soil As levels. On the other hand, soil pH was higher in the treatment of continuous submersion than that of intermittent irrigation but soil Eh showed reverse trend. With increasing As levels in soil, water soluble-As and Ca-As fractions in soil tend to be increased with continuous submersion, but these fractions has no tendency with intermittant irrigation.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.45 no.6
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• pp.1173-1178
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• 2012

Water competition among domestic, industrial and agricultural sectors has been gradually heightened recently in Korea as the lack of water supply is expected in the near future. About 46% of nation's water use is consumed in paddy farming to produce rice. And the conservation of water resource and quality in agricultural sector is a pending issue in the nation's long term water management plan. New paddy rice farming techniques that use significantly less irrigation water are urgently required. System of Rice Intensification (SRI) that is now well known to produce more rice with less water consumption has not been tried in Korea yet. And environmental effect of SRI on greenhouse gases (GHGs) has not been well investigated. The objective of this study was to measure the effect of SRI on GHGs as well as water use and rice yield in a Korean paddy condition. Three experimental runoff plots $5{\times}15m$ in size were prepared at an existing paddy field. Runoff, GHGs emission and water quality were measured during the 2011 growing seasons while a Japonica rice variety was cultivated. Rice plants grew better and healthier in SRI plots than in continuously flooded (CF) and intermittently drained (ID) plots. Rice yield from SRI plots increased 112.8 (ID)~116.1 (CF)% compared with CF and ID plots. Irrigation requirement of SRI plots compared to CF plot reduced by 52.6% and ID plot reduced by 62.0%, meaning that about 37.9~47.4% of irrigation water could be saved. GHGs emission from SRI plots reduced by 71.8% compared to that from CF plot and by 18.4% compared to that from ID plot, meaning that SRI could help contribute to ease the greenhouse gas accumulation in the atmosphere. It was believed that SRI is a promising paddy farming technique that could increase rice yield, and reduce irrigation water requirement and GHGs emission not just in Korea but also other rice farming countries all over the world. However, it was recommended that long term studies under different conditions including rice variety, soil texture, water source, climate need to be conducted for reliable data for the development of environmental policies related to GHGs emission control and management.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.131-144
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• 2002

도로의 그룹핑(Grouping)이란 도고 계획, 설계, 관리, 조사 계획 및 정비 방침 등을 세우기 위해 유사한 성격의 도로 구간을 군집화하는 방법이다. 기존에 일반적으로 적용되고 있는 도로 그룹핑 방법은 그룹 수를 미리 지정함으써 분석가의 주관적 판단이 개입되었고, 그룹핑 변수 선정에 대한 근거가 부족하였다. 이에 본 연구에서는 기존에 일반적으로 적용되고 있는 도로 그룹핑 방법을 개선하여 새로운 방법론을 제시하였다. 또한 새로 제시된 방법론의 검증을 위해 도로 교통량 통계연보에서 제공하고 있는 일반국도의 2000년 294개 상시조사 지전의 교통량 자료를 이용하여 분석하였다. 연구 결과 기존의 월, 요일 변동계수만을 적용한 그룹핑 방법보다는 기타 교통지표(AADT, $\Sigma$K1000(K값의 상위 1000번 순위까지의 누적 값), 중차량 비율, 주야율)를 동시에 적용할 때 좀 더 효율적이면서 세부적으로 분류됨을 알 수 있었다. 또한 기타 교통지표론 적당한 그룹핑 결과로는 5그룹의 국도 기능 분류가 가능함을 알 수 있었다. 그 결과 기존의 소재지역과 기능에 따른 국토의 구분을 지방 산업도로 그룹, 지역 간선도로 그룹, 대도시 주변형 도로 그룹, 중소도시 주변형 및 관광도로 그룹, 관광도로 그룹으로 분류할 수 있었다. 본 연구에서의 도로 그룹핑 결과에 각 지역특성을 추가하여 분석한다면 도로의 계획, 선계, 관리 등에 매우 유용한 자료로 활용되리라 예상한다. 또한 본 연구의 결과를 이용하면 좀 더 효율적으로 설계시간계수 선정, 전역 조사 지점의 AADT추정, 상시 교통량 조사 자료의 누락 데이터 보정 및 교통량 조사의 스케줄링에 많이 활용할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.6 no.1 s.11
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• pp.53-63
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• 1998

The purpose of this study is to investigate the current status of automatic measuring systems for air pollution emissions in Seoul and to suggest an improvement method using GIS and GPS. In Korea, there have been very few critical researches and managements for mobile and area sources regarding moving subjects such as automobiles. In order to control or to make a plan for reducing air pollutions, air pollution emission data based on tim and location, emission inventory systems and emission models should be implemented. Using digital maps and MS Visual Basic, we developed a visualized interface for air pollution emission data from automatic emission measurement systems in Seoul.