• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
• /
• v.16 no.4
• /
• pp.64-73
• /
• 2008

The cDNA of CCF (coelomic cytolytic factor)-like gene (EC 3.2.1.16), a kind of glycosyl hydorlase, was isolated and cloned from the midgut of the earthworm Eisenia anderi. The size of nucleotide sequence appeared to be 1,152 bp and its predicted coding region was composed of 384 amino acid residues including the initiation methionine. The 17 residues at N-terminal end in the deduced amino acid sequence were regarded to be a signal peptide. Based on the amino acid sequence analysis, it appeared that this CCF-like protein could belong to glycosyl hydrolase family 16 (GHF16) and showed a high sequence homology of about 79~99% with CCF and CCF-like proteins from other earthworm species. The CCFs and CCF-like proteins from various earthworm species exhibited a 100% homology in the polysacchride-binding motif and glucanase motif. It has been reported that the CCFs isolated from E. fedita appeared to show a broader pattern recognition specificity than those from other earthworm species because this species resides in decaying organic matter showing very high microbial activity, implying that CCF-like protein isolated in this study from E. andrei might exhibit a broad substrate specificity that is a useful characteristic for industrial application. A phylogenetic analysis using the deduced amino acid sequences of CCF-related proteins through the BLASTX revealed that GHF16 families could be divided into three groups of metazoa, viriplantae and eubacteria subfamily. Subsequently the CCF-related proteins of metazoa subfamily could clearly be subgroup into lophotrochozoan and edysozoan type including a deuterostome origin. Further understanding of the biological properties of E. andrei CCF-like protein should be addressed to regulate the ${\beta}$-D-glucan hydrolysis and production for the industrial uses.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.41 no.4
• /
• pp.566-570
• /
• 2012

Inhibitory activity of $Sargassum$ $thunbergii$ (ST) against porcine pancreatic lipase was assessed after heat treatment, pH changes, and gamma irradiation. This analysis revealed that the ST ethanol extract exhibited high lipase inhibitory activity (37.37%) at 5 mg/mL. The ST ethanol extract was treated with heat at $60^{\circ}C$ for 10, 30, and 60 min; 80 and $100^{\circ}C$ for 10 and 20 min; and $121^{\circ}C$ for 15 min, pH (2, 4, 6, 8 and 10) and ${\gamma}$-irradiation (3, 7 and 20 kGy). The lipase inhibitory activity of the ST ethanol extract increased in all heat treatments, especially at $121^{\circ}C$ for 15 min (51.55%) compared with the control. With regard to pH stability, the ST ethanol extract showed no significant changes at pH 4~8, but somewhat decreased inhibitory activity was revealed at pH 2 (26.25%) and 10 (29.93%). On the other hand, the ST ethanol extract was not affected by ${\gamma}$-irradiation treatment conditions used in this study. These results suggest that ST has a potential role as a functional food agent.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.37 no.3
• /
• pp.357-361
• /
• 2008

In this study, the antioxidant properties and physical characteristics of irradiated Sargassum siliquastrum water extract were evaluated. Samples were irradiated with $Co^{60}{\gamma}$-ray at doses ranging from 3 to 20 kGy. They were then analyzed to investigate antioxidant properties, including total phenolic compound content and DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging activity. In addition, physical properties such as viscosity and color were evaluated. The results demonstrated that total phenolic compound content and DPPH radical scavenging activity were significantly improved (p<0.05) by irradiation. In terms of physical properties, viscosity and color were reduced in the irradiated extracts as compared to non-irradiated samples. In conclusion, gamma irradiation improved the antioxidant properties of Sargassum siliquastrum water extract, improving its original weak point as a natural antioxidant when applied in the food industry.

• Management & Information Systems Review
• /
• v.36 no.3
• /
• pp.167-184
• /
• 2017

In this study, we investigated the effect of offline banking trust on smart banking trust. As influencing factors of smart banking trust, this study compared offline banking trust, smart banking's system quality, and information quality. For the empirical study, 186 questionnaire data were collected from smart banking users and the data were analyzed using Smart-PLS 2.0. As results, it was verified that there is trust transfer in FinTech service, by the significant effect of offline banking trust on smart banking trust. And it was proved that the effect of offline banking trust on smart banking trust is lower than that of smart banking itself. The contribution of this study can be seen in both academic and industrial aspects. First, it is the contribution of the academic aspect. Previous studies on banking were focused on either offline banking or smart banking. But this study, focus on the relationship between offline banking and online banking, proved that offline banking trust affects smart banking trust. Next, it is the industrial contribution. This study showed that offline banking characteristics of traditional commercial banks affect the trust of emerging smart banking service. This means that the emerging FinTech companies are not advantageous in the competition of trust building compared to traditional commercial banks. Unlike traditional commercial banks, the emerging FinTech is innovating the convenience of customers by arming them with new technologies such as mobile Internet, social network, cloud technology, and big data. However, these FinTech strengths alone can not guarantee sufficient trust needed for financial transactions, because banking customers do not change a habit or an inertia that they already have during using traditional banks. Therefore, emerging FinTech companies should strive to create destructive value that reflects the connection with various Internet services and the strength of online interaction such as social services, which have an advantage over customer contacts. And emerging FinTech companies should strive to build service trust, focused on young people with low resistance to new services.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
• /
• v.41 no.1
• /
• pp.50-56
• /
• 2009

This study was carried out to determine the optimum extraction conditions for Ishige okamurai by comparing the yields, total phenolic compound content (TPC), and antioxidant properties of its 95%, 70%, 50% fermented ethyl alcohol and water extracts. Additionally, the effects of heat and pH treatments on the antioxidant properties of the extracts were evaluated by their TPC and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH) radical scavenging capabilities. The yields of the extracts were greatest in the order of water > 50% > 70% > 95% fermented ethyl alcohol, and the TPC of the 70% (26.18%) and 50% fermented ethyl alcohol (27.56%) extracts were higher than those of the others. However, in terms of DPPH radical scavenging and ferrous-reducing power, the 70% fermented ethyl alcohol extract of Ishige okamurai showed the highest antioxidant effects. Additionally, in the results for the heat and pH treatments, the antioxidant properties of the 70% fermented ethyl alcohol extract were not influenced by the treatment conditions except at pH 10.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
• /
• v.53 no.2
• /
• pp.223-229
• /
• 2021

To evaluate the protective effect of Codium fragile on fine dust (PM2.5)-induced cytotoxicity, we investigated its antioxidant activity and cell protective effect on PM2.5-exposed cells. The 40% ethanolic extract of C. fragile showed the highest total phenolic content, whereas the water extract of C. fragile showed the highest total polysaccharide content. The protective effect of the extracts on PM2.5-induced oxidative damage in nasal cavity (RPMI2650), lung (A549), brain (MC-IXC), hippocampus (HT-22), and microglia (BV-2) cells was evaluated by measuring the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) content and cell viability. The results showed that the 40% ethanolic extract more efficiently inhibited ROS production than the water extract. In contrast, PM2.5-exposed cells treated with the water extract showed higher viability than those treated with the 40% ethanolic extract.

• Food Engineering Progress
• /
• v.21 no.1
• /
• pp.42-48
• /
• 2017

The purpose of this study was to verify the drying characteristics of steamed sweet potato and to establish optimal drying conditions for far-infrared drying of steamed sweet potato. 4 kg of steamed sweet potato was sliced to thicknesses of 8 and 10 mm, and dried by a far-infrared dryer until a final moisture content of $25{\pm}0.5%$. The far-infrared dryer conditions were an air velocity of 0.6, 0.8 m/s and drying temperature of 60, 70, and $80^{\circ}C$. The results can be summarized as follows. The drying time tended to be reduced as temperature and air velocity for drying increased. The Lewis and Modified Wang and Singh models were found to be suitable for drying of steamed sweet potato by a far-infrared dryer. The color difference was 35.09 on the following conditions: Thickness of 8 mm, temperature of $80^{\circ}C$, and air velocity of 0.8 m/s. The highest sugar content ($59.11^{\circ}Brix$) was observed on the conditions of a thickness of 8 mm, temperature of 80, and air velocity of 0.8 m/s. Energy consumption decreased on the conditions of higher temperature, slower air velocity, and thinner steamed sweet potato.

• Food Engineering Progress
• /
• v.21 no.3
• /
• pp.225-232
• /
• 2017

Most of the red ginseng (RG) products contain active substances derived from hot water or alcohol extraction. Since active substances of RG are divided into two types - water-soluble and liposoluble - water or alcohol is needed as an extraction solvent and this leads the different extraction yields and components of the active substances. To overcome the limit, whole red ginseng powder can be used and consumed by consumers. In this study, the physicochemical properties and extractable active substance contents of variable-sized RG powder ($158.00{\mu}m$, $8.45{\mu}m$, and $6.33{\mu}m$) were analyzed, and dispersion stability was measured to investigate the suitable size of RG powder for industrial processing. In the results, no significant difference was found from the changes in color intensity and thiobarbutric acid tests at $4^{\circ}C$, $25^{\circ}C$, and $40^{\circ}C$ for 4 weeks. There was no significant difference on the production of antioxidants and ginsenoside among the samples (p>0.05). In dispersion stability, $RG-158.00{\mu}m$ was precipitated immediately, and the dispersion stabilities between $RG-8.45{\mu}m$ and $RG-6.33{\mu}m$ showed no significant difference. It implies that fine RG is suitable for the production process. With further study, it seemed that the physicochemical effects of RG particle sizes can be clearly revealed.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
• /
• v.27 no.1
• /
• pp.167-174
• /
• 2022

Since the Promotion Committee was established on March 25, 2021, urging the enactment of the Detective Business Act, many opinions and attention from all walks of life have been gathered. The Detective Business system, which is also one of the presidential pledges of the current 19th President Moon Jae In, is expected to be significant in that it can promote the development of a welfare state as well as efficient parts such as meeting the demand for security reinforcement services, improving the judicial system, and enhancing internationalization. In accordance with the consensus of the nine judges of the Constitutional Court that the lower part of Article 40 of the "Act on the Use and Protection of Credit Information" which prohibits the use of similar names such as investigating the general life of certain people does not violate the Constitution, detective work became possible regardless of the general life investigation. In particular, the detective job officially appeared on August 5, 2020, and it will be able to provide effective work services to the public by competing with prosecutors, police, and lawyers who have occupied exclusive positions in the field of a criminal investigations. However, although the role of detectives is gradually expanding and society is rapidly changing, illegal activities are prevalent throughout society, and more than 1,600 companies are currently operating suspiciously using the only name of "detectives", but the police are virtually letting go of the situation saying that they are "unauthorized.", and the damage is only going to the people, so at this point, the most worrisome thing is the absence of the law. Meanwhile, amid concerns over institutions overseeing illegal activities caused by the emergence of the detective industry, private security and detectives are similar to each other as in the United States, and it is expected to be able to gain public trust by entrusting the police in charge of managing and supervising private security companies. Therefore, at this time when most OECD countries except Korea legislate the Detective Business Act, prematurely allowing only the detective industry without enacting industry-related laws and systems can further fuel social confusion and hinder the detective industry along with the new fourth industry.

• Journal of Life Science
• /
• v.32 no.10
• /
• pp.784-791
• /
• 2022

This study observed changes in the body composition of Protaetia brevitarsis sinulensis larvae when reared with feed that included noni and nipa palm. Compared to the control group, the death rate and product yield of the treatment group were improved after the larval fasting process. The brightness of the larval powder of the treatment group increased, but the redness decreased. The crude fat content of the treated group was slightly increased according to the assays of the general components, but the mineral content was significantly increased. The total structural amino acids of the treatment group decreased, but the total free amino acids increased. The structural amino acids generally tended to decrease in the treatment group. However, the free amino acids showed no specific differences. Among the free amino acids, tryptophan, phosphoserine, and methylhistidine were highly increased in the treatment group, whereas threonine, methionine, and asparagine showed the opposite results. Among the polyunsaturated fatty acids, eicosapentaenoic acid (C20:5n3) of omega-3 was increased in the treatment group, but the omega-6 series was decreased. Since minerals, total free amino acids, and omega-3 fatty acids in the treatment group were increased compared to the control group, we suggest that noni and nipa palm can potentially be applied to the production of functionally improved substances as additional sources of feed for Protaetia brevitarsis sinulensis larvae.