• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.289-295
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• 2007

A simple electric circuit of an infrared photodiode electrode (IPDE) was utilized to monitor iron using square-wave (SW) anodic stripping voltammetry (SV) and cyclic voltammetry (CV). The optimum analytical conditions were determined and were compared with those of common working electrodes. The comparison showed that CV is more sensitive and convenient to use than the common voltammetry methods. At the optimized conditions, the working ranges of 0.1- to 0.8- and 0.85- to 6.0 mg/L iron was obtained. Relative standard deviation of 15 measurements of iron (0.4 mg/L) was 0.09%. The analytical detection limit was found to be $80{\pm}0.6ug/L$, which was applied to iron in waste water.

• Journal of Industrial Convergence
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• v.22 no.9
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• pp.169-177
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• 2024

This study investigated the effects of a spinal thermal massage device on physical and mental relaxation in office workers. Fifteen participants in their 30s and 40s used the device at home for 40 minutes, five times a week, for one month. Subjective measures, including fatigue, stress, muscle pain, blood circulation, indigestion, and insomnia, were assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) before and after the intervention. Objective measures included blood pressure (diastolic/systolic) and pulse pressure. The results showed significant reductions in fatigue (-51.5%), muscle pain (-49.6%), blood circulation difficulties (-23.1%), and stress (-20.9%), with trends suggesting reductions in insomnia (-20%) and indigestion (-7.4%). Systolic blood pressure significantly decreased, with tendencies for reductions in diastolic blood pressure and pulse pressure. In conclusion, the spinal thermal massage device appeared to promote physical and mental relaxation by combining thermotherapy and massage, likely activating the parasympathetic nervous system.

• Resources Recycling
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.24-35
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• 2020

Management of resource productivity is important for the reduction of natural resources and energy consumption. This is closely linked to circular economy which has recently been stressed worldwidely. Resource productivity is a key indicator which is to be managed in various industry sectors. Especially Korea which is heavily dependent on the natural resources import from overseas needs to give attention to this point. Nevertheless resource productivity related domestic researches and policies are extremely rare. This paper thus presents trends on resources productivities and their management policies of European countries and OECD G7 countries compared to the situation of Korea. In addition, the decoupling phenomenon of DMC (domestic material consumption) and GDP of Europe is analyzed and the resource productivity promotion strategy of Korea is proposed.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.1-8
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• 2021

Rural multi-purpose buildings needs to ensure their safety against various disasters. Therefore, a pile foundation, which is a foundation type that can transmit the load of the structure to the bedrock layer, has been designed. The pile foundation method is largely divided into driving piles method and pre-bored pile method. Recently, in order to respond to the Noise and Vibration Control Act and related environmental complaints, construction of pile foundation adopts pre-bored pile method. The bearing capacity of the pre-bored pile method is calculated through a load test in situ. However, a disadvantage stems in that it is difficult to measure the ultimate bearing capacity due to field conditions. Therefore, in this study, the skin frictional force of pre-bored pile was measured through a model test in laboratory for each pile filling material. In result, the pile filling material with using circulating resources shows superior skin frictional force than ordinary portland cement. This study also judged that the result can be applied in place of ordinary Portland cement in the field.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Structure & Construction
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• v.34 no.11
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• pp.11-18
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• 2018

In this study, seven R/C beams, designed by the steel fiber with ground granulated blast furnace slag and recycled fine aggregate were constructed and tested under monotonic loading. In the material development, micromechanics was adopted to properly select the optimized range of the composite based on steady-state cracking theory and experimental studies on the matrix and interracial properties. Experimental programs were carried out to improve and evaluate the structural performance of the test specimens: the load-displacement, the failure mode, the maximum strength were assessed. Test results showed that test specimens (BSSR-20, 40, 60, 80) were increased the maximum load carrying capacity by 2~9% and the ductility capacity by 10~22% in comparison with the standard specimen (BSS) respectively. And the specimens (BSSR-100) was decreased the maximum load carrying capacity by 5% and the ductility capacity by 44% in comparison with the standard specimen (BSS) respectively.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2020.06a
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• pp.126-127
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• 2020

Recently, as interest in environmental issues increases, minimizing carbon dioxide generated during cement manufacturing is a problem to be solved. In order to solve such a problem, it is required to use an industrial by-product of recycled aggregate, blast furnace slag, and circulating fluidized bed boiler fly ash to replace it on the basis of geopolymer(=cementless). This study examines the characteristics of eco-friendly artificial stone according to the mixing ratio of geopolymer-based recycled aggregate. As a result of the experiment, when the addition rate of the alkali stimulant was 15% and the mixing ratio of the circulating aggregate was 70%, the flexural strength and compressive strength were the highest. Density and water absorption decreased as density of circulating aggregates increased and water absorption increased. However, when the mixing ratio of the circulating aggregate exceeded 70%, the flexural strength and compressive strength decreased. Therefore, in order to obtain strengths meeting the KS standards, the mixing ratio of recycled aggregate was set to 70%, and artificial stone was manufactured using industrial by-products.

• Journal of the Korean Recycled Construction Resources Institute
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.210-217
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• 2023

Various performances of ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) applied with microplastics and expanded polystyrene (EPS) beads were evaluated. CompressIve and flexural strength, performance after ignition, flow-down in fresh state, and effective bond strength were evaluated. Designed weight of the cement panel with these mixtures was calculated based on the flexural strength. As a result of the experiments, it was confirmed that the EPS could reduce the density of UHPC with largest range. By maximum addition of EPS beeds, the density of UHPC decreased to 1300 kg/m³, and the compressive and flexural strengths for this mixtures were in ranges of 20-30 MPa and 15-20 MPa, respectively. On the other hand, lightest cement panel could be designed with UHPC having a density ranges about 2.0 g/cm³.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Geothermal and Hydrothermal Energy
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.11-23
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• 2024

In order to design a standing column well (SCW) for a sustainable groundwater curtain system for greenhouse heating, we conducted parameter sensitivity tests. These tests simulated the outlet temperature changes of the SCW in a groundwater recirculating greenhouse cultivation system. Our modeling considered ground thermal conductivity and hydrogeological conditions. Specifically, we examined several factors, including SCW length, enhanced thermal conductivity of the ground, and groundwater circulation rate. The simulation results indicated that there was not a significant difference in the heat exchange rate based on the characteristics of enhanced thermal conductivity. However, we anticipate a substantial difference in the case of varying SCW lengths. Therefore, we conclude that the simulation results are primarily influenced by conductive heat exchange values, as the circulating water remains at a constant groundwater level.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.19-27
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• 2021

Hydroponic farming is a method to grow a plant without soil. Plants can be grown on water or hydroponic growing media, and they are fed with mineral nutrient solutions, which are fertilizers dissolved into water. Hydroponic farming has the advantage of increasing plant productivity over conventional greenhouse farming. Previous studies of hydroponic nutrient wastewater from acyclic hydroponic farms pointed out that hydroponic nutrient wastewater contained residual nutrients, and they were drained to a nearby river bank which causes several environmental issues. Also, previous studies suggest that excessive use of the nutrient solution and disposal of used hydroponic growing media and crop wastes in hydroponic farms are major problems to hydroponic farming. This study was conducted to determine the impact of hydroponic nutrient wastewater, used hydroponic growing media, and crop wastes from acyclic hydroponic farms on the surrounding environment by analyzing water quality and soil analysis of the above three factors. Three soil cultivation farms and several hydroponic farms in the Gangwon C region were selected for this study. Samples of water and soils were collected from both inside and outside of each farm. Also, a sample of soil and leachate from crop waste piles stacked near the farm was collected for analysis. Hydroponic nutrient wastewater from acyclic hydroponic farm contained an average of 402 mg/L of total nitrogen (TN) concentration, and 77.4 mg/L of total phosphate (TP) concentration. The result of TP in hydroponic nutrient wastewater exceeds the living environmental standard of the river in enforcement decree of the framework act on environmental policy by 993.7 times. Also, it exceeds the standard of industrial wastewater discharge standards under the water environment conservation act by 6~19 times in TN, and 2~27 times in TP. Leachate from crop waste piles contained 11,828 times higher COD and 395~2662 times higher TP than the standard set by the living environmental standard of the river in enforcement decree of the framework act on environmental policy and exceeds 778 times higher TN and 5 times higher TP than the standard of industrial wastewater discharge standards under the water environment conservation act. For more precise studies of the impact of hydroponic nutrient wastewater, used hydroponic growing media, and crop wastes from acyclic hydroponic farms on the surrounding environment, additional information regarding a number of hydroponic farms, arable area(ha), hydroponic farming area, seasonal, weather, climate factor around the river, and the property of the area and farm is needed. Analysis of these factors and additional water and soil samples are needed for future studies.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Tribologists and Lubrication Engineers Conference
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• 1991.06a
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• pp.70-75
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• 1991

기어는 기계시스템에서 동력전달 및 운동전환을 담당하는 기본 요소로 공작기계, 건설기계, 농업기계 등의 산업기계와 항공기, 자동차, 선박등의 운송분야, 사무용 및 계측기기 등 산업전반에 걸쳐 사용되고 있으며, 최근에는 로보트를 위시한 자동화 장치의 구동 및 동력전달 장치로 사용되고 있다. 최근의 기어시스템은 기계류의 일반적인 경향인 고속, 고부하, 결량화 추세에 따라 고정밀, 소형화되어 가고 있으며 부하한계에 가깝도록 큰 하중에 견딜것이 요구되고 있다. 따라서 기어의 설계 및 제작시, 여유있는 설계가 허용되지 않으며 정밀성을 높이기 위한 설계로, 설계인자의 세분화가 요구되어지고 있다. 국제적으로 통용되고 있는 강도설계 규격에서 면압강도시 표면상태계수(Surface condition factor)를 정의하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 동력순환식 기어 시험장치를 이용하여 표면처리 상태가 다른 3종류(열처리를 하지 않은 기어, 침탄 및 고주파 표면 열처리한 기어)의 스퍼어 기어를 이요하여 회전수별 표면거칠기의 변화 상태를 고찰하고, 변수를 응용하여 물리적 의미를 파아갛고, 윤활해석을 통한 윤활조건과 치면상태와의 상호 관계에 대하여 고찰해 보고자 한다.