• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
• /
• 2022.09a
• /
• pp.24-24
• /
• 2022

제주는 면적에 비해 생물종다양성이 높은 지역으로 평가된다. 한반도 자생 관속식물은 4,500여종으로 이 중 50%에 달하는 2,200종이 제주에 분포하고 있으며 최근 30년간 80여종의 미기록 식물이 출현하였다. 이러한 특성은 선태식물과 산림버섯 분야에서도 유사하게 나타나는 것으로 지리적 위치, 기후적 조건, 한라산으로 인한 수직 식생 분포, 특이산림생태계로 인한 입지 환경의 다양성과 관련이 있다. 동시에 제주는 희귀 및 유용 산림생명자원의 보고이다. 제주에서 수집하여 종의 실체를 확인한 2,167종을 대상으로 희귀성과 유용성을 평가한 결과 제주고사리삼, 구상나무, 갯취 등의 희귀·특산 식물이 400종, 흑오미자, 제주백서향, 황칠나무 등의 유용식물이 781종에 달하였다. 또한 제주는 우리나라에서 기후변화에 가장 민감한 지역으로 동북아시아 기후변화의 요충지로 전망되고 있다. 한라산의 구상나무가 쇠퇴하는 등 이상 징후가 지속적으로 증가하고 있으며 동북아시아 아열대 최북한계지로서 한반도 생물지리의 징검다리 역할을 하기 때문이다. 따라서 나고야의정서 발효와 기후위기로 산림생명자원의 보존과 활용의 중요성이 더욱 강조되고 있는 현재의 시점에서 제주는 우선 연구 대상지라 해도 과언이 아니다. 이에 국립산림과학원 난대·아열대산림연구소는 절멸 위기에 처한 종의 보존과 유용 산림생명자원의 활용 기반 마련을 위해 수집 및 탐색-빅데이터 기반 구축-증식기술 개발-현지내·외보존원 조성 및 관리 기술 개발 등의 일련의 연구를 20년 이상 수행해 왔다. 여기에서는 제주지역 산림생명자원의 가치와 함께 보존과 활용 연구 성과를 소개하고 향후 연구 방향을 제안함으로써 산림 바이오 소재 산업화와 관련된 학계와 임업인 및 기업에 도움이 되고자 한다.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
• /
• v.51 no.4
• /
• pp.429-440
• /
• 2023

Wild Lentinula edodes (shiitake) strains are an important breeding material for developing new varieties suitable for various consumer preferences and environmental conditions. The morphological characteristics of 100 wild shiitake strains collected from 14 regions were investigated in a sawdust block cultivation. The characteristics of their fruiting bodies were diverse. Among them, 38% of the caps was convex, 33% was broadly umbonate, 27% was applanate, and 2% was shallowly depressed. In terms of their stipes, 55, 23, and 22% were the column, clavate, and funnel type, respectively. The shape of the cap was the most diverse on Mt. Hwaak, whereas the shape of the stipe showed various phenotypes from various regions. Even among strains collected from the same forest, different types of mushrooms were observed. In conclusion, wild shiitake strains that have adapted to various environmental stress can be used to develop new varieties. Thus, securing various genetic resources and studying their traits are important for researching breeding technology.

• Journal of Apiculture
• /
• v.34 no.3
• /
• pp.189-195
• /
• 2019

Plants release a large variety of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) into the surrounding atmosphere. Floral volatile compounds (FVCs) emitted from many plants is the critical factors for pollinator attraction and defense for adaptation in environments. Recent studies indicate that the chemical components contributing to FVCs play an important role in the honeybee attractiveness to flowers. Olfactory signals are rapidly learned, indicating that foraging behavior results from the association of plant chemicals acting as chemosensory cues for the bees. Solid phase microextraction(SPME)-GC/MS method was applied to analyze the chemical composition of FVCs according to the different species of Robinia spp. The abundant compounds identified in R. pseudoacacia were (Z)-β-ocimene (34.86%) and linalool (35.47%). Those of the tetraploid R. pseudoacacia were (Z)-β-ocimene (35.42%) and α-Farnesene (33.94%). The volatiles of R. margarettae 'Pink Cascade' comprised an abundance of (Z)-β-ocimene (42.73%), (E)-4,8-Dimethylnona-1,3,7-triene (37.23%). Differences in FVCs of the different species of Robinia spp. are discussed in light of biochemical constraints on volatile chemical synthesis and of the role of flower scent in ecology of pollination.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
• /
• v.50 no.4
• /
• pp.263-274
• /
• 2022

Lentinula edodes is an important commercial mushroom and there have been several reports of viral infections in L. edodes. Two mycoviruses (LeV-HKB and LeNSRV1) were detected in Sanbaekhyang (NIFoS 2778) and Taehyanggo (NIFoS 4317), the sawdust-cultivated commercial strains. The vertical transmission rates of the viruses were investigated by detecting the viruses in 80 monokaryotic strains derived from basidiospores isolated from the fruiting bodies of each strain. Most of the monokaryotic strains were infected with the virus and the two viruses showed different levels of meiotic stability, with LeV-HKB showing higher meiotic stability than LeNSRV1. Therefore, it seems that the vertical transmission mechanism of mycoviruses is different depending on the virus species. We also examined the mycelial growth rate of the monokaryotic strains and compared the growth rate according to virus infection status. Although there was no statistically significant correlation between viral infection and mycelial growth rate, we found that the average growth rate was reduced by additional virus infection. We expect our data to contribute to a greater understanding of the mechanism of the vertical transmission of mycoviruses, and promoting breeding using virus-free monokaryotic strains.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
• /
• v.51 no.4
• /
• pp.389-396
• /
• 2023

In this study, dikaryotic strains of Lentinula edodes were generated by mono-mono hybridization using mating type analysis and their fruiting body characteristics were investigated. Approximately 100 monokaryotic strains were isolated from the basidiospores of Sanbaekhyhang, and homokaryotic strains were isolated from Chungheung 1ho using protoplast isolation and regeneration. Their mating types were evaluated and a total of 60 dikaryotic strains were hybridized. Using these strains, fruiting bodies were produced and their characteristics were examined after cultivation on sawdust media. The results indicated that the rate of hybridization was 100% and that 55 of 60 strains formed fruiting bodies. These showed normal pileus and gill structures; however,10 strains also produced fruiting bodies with abnormal pileus and gill structures. The weight and size of the fruiting bodies differed depending on the strains. Overall, further studies are needed for predicting the characteristics of hybridized strains based on their parental strains.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
• /
• 2019.04a
• /
• pp.82-82
• /
• 2019

종자은행은 종자를 보존하는 가장 경제적이고 효율적인 보전방법이지만, 수종에 따라 저장특성의 차이가 커서 수종별 저장방법의 확립이 필요하다. 초저온저장 방법은 세포 분열, 대사 작용을 정지 상태로 유지하므로 현재까지 장기간 보존을 위한 비용이 효율적이며 안정적인 방법이다. 공시재료는 멸종위기 야생식물 등 22종을 대상으로 하였다. 액체질소에 7일간 종자를 침지한 후 $37^{\circ}C$ 항온수조에서 10분간 해동하였다. 휴면이 있는 수종은 파종 전 종자를 저온습윤 하였고, 저온습윤 처리 후에도 휴면타파 되지 않는 수종은 농황산, 지베렐린을 개별 또는 혼용으로 처리하였다. 발아 및 유묘 평가는 $25^{\circ}C/20^{\circ}C$(광12h/암12h)조건에서 진행하였으며, 매일 28일차까지 발아조사를 수행한 후 평가하였다. 진달래속의 꼬리진달래와 철쭉이 초저온 민감성을 보였으며, 오리나무속의 물오리나무, 사방오리는 부분 민감성을 보였다. 민산초나무는 지하부건물중이 유의하게 감소한 결과를 보였으며, 이외의 수종은 초저온 민감성을 보이지 않았으므로 장기보존을 위한 초저온 동결보존이 가능한 것으로 보였다.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
• /
• v.49 no.3
• /
• pp.405-412
• /
• 2021

Wolfiporia cocos is an important medicinal fungus that has been used in regions of Northeast Asia including Korea, Japan, and China. W. cocos is classified in Korea into two types (red bokryeong and white bokryeong) based on the internal colors (yellow orange-pale pink and white) of the sclerotium. Generally, the W. cocos type cultivated on farms produces white sclerotium. In this study, we endeavored to select strains that form sclerotium in sawdust medium using 2-way cross-breeding among two cultivated strains and three wild strains. Monospores were isolated from the fruiting bodies of cultivated and wild strains on potato dextrose agar. Thirty-nine strains of 338 hybrid strains isolated formed sclerotia with white or yellow colors upon culture for 3 months in Pinus densiflora sawdust medium. Selection for sclerotium forming strains using sawdust culture follows a very simple and easy procedure that is presented for the first time in this paper. We plan to test selected strains in the field to aid in developing new varieties for the future.

• Journal of agriculture & life science
• /
• v.45 no.4
• /
• pp.23-28
• /
• 2011

This study was carried out to provide the basic information for variety improvement by means of nut characteristics of chestnut variety cultivated in Suncheon area. While Tsukuba has the largest number of burr with 125.5, it showed significant difference among chestnut variety. Average number of nuts per burr ranged from 1.3 in Kunumi to 2.4 in Pyeonggi, which showed significant difference among chestnut variety. Average nut weight varied between 17.5 g in Isseumo to 28.1 g in Kunumi. Nut yield ranged form 1,000.4 g in Sangrim to 5,479.5 g in Tsukuba, which showed significant difference among chestnut variety. Changbanggamyul had the highest rate of healthy nut, Kunumi, Tanzawa, Tsukuba, Daebo, Pyeonggi, and Sinyipyeong had the rate of healthy nut more than 80%. The rate of split pericarp showed significant difference among chestnut variety as ranged from 0.0% in Changbanggamyul to 26.1% in Gwangdeok.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
• /
• v.48 no.1
• /
• pp.34-43
• /
• 2021

Targeted genome editing using the CRISPR/Cas9 system is a ground-breaking technology that is being widely used to produce plants with useful traits. However, for woody plants, only a few successful attempts have been reported. These successes have used Agrobacterium-mediated transformation, which has been reported to be very efficient at producing genetically modified trees. Nonetheless, there are unresolved problems with plasmid sequences that remain in the plant genome. In this study, we demonstrated a DNA-free genome editing technique in which purified CRISPR/Cas9 ribonucleoproteins (RNPs) are delivered directly to the protoplasts of a hybrid poplar (Populus alba × Populus glandulosa). We designed three single-guide RNAs (sgRNAs) to target the stress-associated protein 1 gene (PagSAP1) in the hybrid poplar. Deep sequencing results showed that pre-assembled RNPs had a more efficient target mutagenesis insertion and deletion (indel) frequency than did non-assembled RNPs. Moreover, the RNP of sgRNA3 had a significantly higher editing efficacy than those of sgRNA1 and sgRNA2. Our results suggest that the CRISPR/Cas9 ribonucleoprotein-mediated transfection approach is useful for the production of transgene-free genome-edited tree plants.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
• /
• 2022.09a
• /
• pp.67-67
• /
• 2022

먹넌출은 국내에서 안면도에서만 자생하는 희귀식물로, 항산화, 미백, 항암 효능이 밝혀져 유용식물자원으로의 활용이 기대되나 IUCN(세계자연보전연맹) 기준 취약종(VU)으로 분류되어 생명자원의 현지 내, 현지외 보존 필요성이 크다. 따라서 본 연구는 먹넌출의 종자를 이용한 보존과 증식을 위해 기초자료를 확보하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 열매의 성숙도에 따른 형태적 특성과 활력 차이를 비교하고, 종자의 발아 조건 구명을 위해 휴면 종류와 발아 적온을 조사하였다. 먼저 열매 성숙도에 따른 형태적 특성과 활력 조사 결과, 열매가 부분적으로 성숙한 적색 단계는 완전히 성숙한 흑색 단계와 비교하여 종자 무게와 배길이에서 차이가 거의 나타나지 않았고 충실도가 80%, 충실 종자의 활력이 100%로 나타났다. 따라서 종자 채취 시 열매가 흑색으로 성숙하여 떨어지기 전인 적색 단계에서 채취하여도 종자를 이용한 증식에 문제가 없을 것으로 보인다. 또한 먹넌출 종자는 딱딱한 과피로 덮여있지만 수분 흡수를 가능하게 하는 조직을 가지고 있어 물리적 휴면에 해당하지 않았으나 생리적 휴면을 가지고 있었으며, 휴면 타파에는 GA3 1000ppm 처리가 가장 효과적이었다. 또한 발아 온도는 10℃ 12시간, 20℃ 12시간인 변온 조건에서 가장 높은 발아율을 보였다. 본 결과를 먹넌출 종자 수집과 증식에 참고 자료로 활용할 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.