• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.61-67
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• 1996

The purpose of the present study was to investigate empirically the relationship among self-image, depression, anxiety, and social sensitivity in adolescents. 1602 normal adolescents(697 males and 905 females) responded to self report scales-Offer Self-Image Questionnaire-Revised, 3 subscales of Symptom Checklist-90-Revised. The data were analyzed with ANOVA and LISREL to examine the effect of self-image on depression, anxiety, and social sensitivity, and to test the relationship among the above 4 variables. Adolescents with low self-image showed significantly higher scores in the scales of depression, anxiety, and social sensitivity than did adolescents with high self-image. The result of LISREL showed that the low self-image leads to the emotional state of depression and anxiety, and those of depression and anxiety lead to the increase of social sensitivity, suggesting that self-image has a direct effect on depression and anxiety, and has a direct effect on social sensitivity in adolescent. These results were discussed in terms of implications for the prevention and treatment of adolescent social phobia.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.14 no.7
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• pp.324-333
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• 2014

This study was conducted to investigate the factors affecting the social anxiety in nursing students. A total of 227 nursing students participated in the study. Data were analyzed by frequencies, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient, and multiple stepwise regression with SPSS WIN 18.0. The mean scores for problem solving ability and social anxiety were at the intermediate level. Problem solving ability negatively correlated with social anxiety. The significant predictors of social anxiety included cognitive reaction within the seven problem solving ability subscales and perceived interpersonal relationship. The regression model explained 22.6% of social anxiety. As a result, to decrease social anxiety in nursing students, nursing educators should develop educational intervention programs to change cognitive distortions presented in unfamiliar social situations and improve interpersonal relationships ability.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.152-159
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• 2004

Objective : The present study investigated the interpretation bias and expectation and judgemental bias of performance in socially anxious children. Method : Children with high social anxiety (n=18) and low social anxiety (n=16) were recruited through self-report and peer nomination, Participants performed three tasks to assess for cognitive bias. The first task measured interpretation of ambiguous social situations. The second task measured expectations regarding performance in a three minute impromptu speech. The third task assessed for judgemental bias via comparison between post-speech self rating and observer rating. Result : Children with high social anxiety did not differ significantly from low social anxiety children on the dependent measures assessing bias in interpretation, expectation and judgement. However, a significant difference was found in the judges' rating of children's performances on the speech task, with high social anxiety children obtaining significantly lower scores compared to low social anxiety children. Conclusion : The role of cognitive biases in the development and maintenance of social anxiety in children was discussed.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.51-71
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• 2021

The purpose of this study was to testify the relationship of parental psychological control perceived by young adults in twenties and their social anxiety, and the mediating effects of internalized shame and ambivalence over emotional expressiveness in the model. The online questionnaires were administered to 350 young adults in twenties to assess the four major variables(parental psychological control, internalized shame, ambivalence over emotional expressiveness and social anxiety). In correlation analysis, parental psychological control, social anxiety, internalized shame and ambivalence over emotional expressiveness were positively correlated. Bootstrapping method was used to test the mediating effects, and this study here is statistically significant revealing the path of parental psychological control to social anxiety by mediator such as internalized shame and ambivalence over emotional expressiveness. Finally, parental psychological control-social anxiety partial mediator model was supported. As a result of the study, the higher the level of parental psychological control, the higher the level of internalized shame and ambivalence over emotional expressiveness, and subsequently the higher the level of social anxiety in twenties. The implication and limitation of this study, and future tasks were discussed.

• Korean Journal of School Psychology
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.243-264
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• 2018

The study examined the influence of socially-prescribed perfectionism (SPP) on depression and social anxiety, and further investigated the mediating effects of self-focused attention and self-criticism. The questionnaires designed to measure multidimensional perfectionism, social anxiety, depression, self-focused attention, self-criticism scale for adolescents were administered twice at an interval of three weeks to 273 students (83 men, 190 women) enrolled at high schools in Gyeonggi-do Province. The findings for the present study were as follows. First, SPP, depression, social anxiety, self-focused attention, and self-criticism showed all positive correlations. Second, the mediation effect from the SPP to depression via self-focused attention was statistically significant, whereas the indirect effect from the SPP to depression via self-criticism was not. Third, the pattern in depression was the same in social anxiety. The results provide indirect support for the social anxiety cognitive model (Clark & Wells) with regards to social anxiety particularly in Korean high school students. Finally, the implications and limitations of this study and suggestions for future research were discussed.

• 한국노년학
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.365-383
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• 2018

The purposes of this study were to investigate the perceived level of aging anxiety and the variables affecting the perception of aging anxiety by three different age groups and to find out what alternatives should be socially prepared to lower aging anxiety. We used survey data collected from 1,017 adults who are aged 18 and over and the subjects were divided into three age groups: 18-44 age group, 45-64 age group, over 65 age group. ANOVA and multiple regression analysis were performed to answer the research questions. Major findings of this study were as follows: 1) There was no difference in the perceived level of aging anxiety according to each age group, 2) 'perceived elderly stigma' was found to affect the perceived level of aging anxiety in all age groups, 3) 'perceived maximum age possible to work' was influencing the perceived level of aging anxiety in 18-44 age group and 45-64 age group, 4) 'perception of fairness to the operation of social systems' was a statistically significant variable for the perceived level of aging anxiety in the 45-64 age group and over 65 age group, 5) 'perception of age integration' and 'aging-friendly environment' variables had significant effects on the perceived level of aging anxiety only in over 65 age group. Suggestions for reducing the perceived level of aging anxiety have been proposed.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.127-153
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• 2007

The study aims to examine the effects of crime on societal anxiety. For this purpose, two studies were conducted. In study 1, the data were collected from 286 students(male 160, female 126) regarding perceived seriousness of crime, estimation of crime occurrence, societal anxiety, and estimation of change in these 3 variables every 3 years from 1993 to 2011. The means of the 3 variables were higher than the midpoint of the scale. And the means of all the 3 variables gradually increased from 1993 to 2011 and the change patterns were very similar. Furthermore, the estimation of crime occurrence and perceived seriousness of crime were significant predictors of societal anxiety. Study 2 was conducted to explore the effect of frequency estimation of the criminal acts on the societal anxiety. The data from 259 subjects(male 141, female 118) were analysed. The occurrence of frequency of 7 types of crimes including 25 criminal acts were estimated and societal anxiety was measured. The results of study 2 showed that only the major crime was significant a predictor of societal anxiety, and among the major crimes, arson was a significant predictor of the dependent variable. Implications and limits of the studies are discussed.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.17 no.7
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• pp.56-66
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• 2017

This study is a descriptive research study conducted to investigate the influence of fear of evaluation and test anxiety on social anxiety among nursing students. The subjects were 383 nursing students in a university and surveyed the structured questionnaires for evaluation fear, test anxiety and social anxiety from June to July 2015. As a result, it was found that fear of positive evaluation, fear of negative evaluation and test anxiety were found to affect social anxiety, and these variables predicted social anxiety of nursing students by 30%. The social anxiety of nursing students verified differences according to the economic condition, satisfaction of major in nursing, and academic stress, and that there was a positive correlation between fear of positive evaluation (r=.45, p<.001), fear of negative evaluation (r=.29, p<.001) and test anxiety (r=.29, p<.001). This study is significant in that fear of evaluation and test anxiety of nursing students are verified to be factors affecting social anxiety. We suggest that a social anxiety intervention program be developed and applied for nursing students. Also, it is necessary secure a strategy to apply the intervention program by screening social anxiety of nursing students in advance.

• The Korean Journal of Coaching Psychology
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.1-19
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• 2020

The study was intended to explore the relevance of the variables below, assuming that the intolerance of uncertainty and dichotomous thinking would represent sequential serialized effects in the relationship between perfectionistic self-presentation and social anxiety. The data of this study were collected on questionnaire survey of 252 adult men and women in Seoul using perfectionistic self-presentation scale, social interaction anxiety scale, social phobia scale, intolerance of uncertainty scale and dichotomous thinkingI-30R as index, which results are as follow. First, intolerance of uncertainty and dichotomous thinking showed perfect mediation effects on the relationship between perfectionistic self-presentation and social anxiety. Intolerance of uncertainty and dichotomous thinking were identified as contributing factors to the development and preservation of social anxiety by perfectionistic self-presenters. Second, in the relationship between perfectionistic self-presentation and dichotomous thinking, intolerance of uncertainty showed mediation effect. And in the relationship between intolerance of uncertainty and social anxiety, dichotomous thinking showed mediation effect. This suggested that if tolerance of uncertainty was deficient, it was likely to lead to dichotomous thinking. And a dichotomous thinking has prompted or accelerated negative cognitive biases resulting from intolerance of uncertainty, triggering and deepening social anxiety. Lastly, the limitations of this study and future research direction were suggested.

• 한국노년학
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.527-547
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to investigate how depression, death anxiety, and social support can exert influence on the psychological well-being of elderly living alone through a parameter of resilience. A survey was conducted involving 988 elderly over the age of 65 living alone in the Daejeon metropolitan area and Chungcheongnam-do and the data were analyzed using structure equation model. The results were as follows. First, in the measurement of variables according to demographic characteristics, depression showed significant differences depending on gender, level of education, health, and financial condition, while death anxiety differed depending on gender, and level of education. Social support was significantly different by gender, age, level of education, region, health, and financial condition. The level of resilience was significantly different by gender, age, level of education, health, and financial condition. Psychological well-being varied according to gender, level of education, health, and financial condition. Second, the effects of depression, death anxiety and social support on psychological well-being were examined. It was found that depression had a negative influence and social support had a positive impact while death anxiety showed no influence. Third, with regard to the effects of depression, death anxiety, social support on resilience, depression was found having negative influence, whereas social support having positive influence. Forth, psychological well-being was positively affected by resilience. Also, through the mediated pathway of resilience, their psychological well-being seemed to totally improve when the negative factors were reduced and the positive ones promoted. This study may have some significance in reference to examine the factors affecting the psychological well-being of elderly living alone and to develop social welfare service programs and policies in the field.