• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.440-456
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• 2019

The controversy of the risk perception related to particulate matters becomes significant. Therefore, in order to understand the nature of the particulate matters, we gathered articles and comments in on-line community related to bicycling which is affected by exposure of the particulate matters. As a result, firstly, the government - led particulate matter policy was strengthened and segmented every period, butthe risk perception related to particulate matters in the bicycle community has become active and serious. Second, as a result of analyzing the perception change of outdoor activities related to particulate matters, bicycle users in community showed a tendency of outdoor activity depending on the degree of particulate matters ratherthan the weather. In addition, the level of the risk perception related to particulate matters has been moved from fears of serious threat in daily life and health, combined with the disregard of domestic particulate matter levels or mask performance. Ultimately, these risk perception related to particulate matters have led some of the bicycling that were mainly enjoyed outdoors to the indoor space. However, in comparison with outdoor bicycling enjoyed by various factors such as scenery, people, and weather, the monotonous indoor bicycling was converted into another type of indoor exercise such as fitness and yoga. In summary, it was derived from mistrust of excessive information or policy provided by the government or local governments. It is considered that environmental policy should be implemented after discussion of risk communication that can reduce the gap between public anxiety and concern so as to cope with the risk perception related to particulate matters. Therefore,this study should be provided as an academic basis for the effective communication direction when decision makers establish the policy related to particulate matters.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.99-112
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• 2021

This study was performed to predict spatial change of future forestland area in South Korea at regional level for supporting forest-related plans established by local governments. In the study, land use was classified to three types which are forestland, agricultural land, and urban and other lands. A logistic regression model was developed using transitional interaction between each land use type and topographical factors, land use restriction factors, socioeconomic indices, and development infrastructures. In this model, change probability from a target land use type to other land use types was estimated using raster dataset(30m×30m) for each variable. With priority order map based on the probability of land use change, the total annual amount of land use change was allocated to the cells in the order of the highest transition potential for the spatial analysis. In results, it was found that slope degree and slope standard value by the local government were the main factors affecting the probability of change from forestland to urban and other land. Also, forestland was more likely to change to urban and other land in the conditions of a more gentle slope, lower slope criterion allowed to developed, and higher land price and population density. Consequently, it was predicted that forestland area would decrease by 2027 due to the change from forestland to urban and others, especially in metropolitan and major cities, and that forestland area would increase between 2028 and 2050 in the most local provincial cities except Seoul, Gyeonggi-do, and Jeju Island due to locality extinction with decline in population. Thus, local government is required to set an adequate forestland use criterion for balanced development, reasonable use and conservation, and to establish the regional forest strategies and policies considering the future land use change trends.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.51 no.5
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• pp.13-29
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• 2023

Urban parks are social infrastructure supporting citizens' health, quality of life, and community formation. As the proportion of urban parks that have been established for more than 20 years is increasing, the need for refurbishment to improve the physical space environment and enhance the functions of aging urban parks is increasing. Since the government's refurbishment of aging urban parks has limitations in securing financial resources and promoting attractiveness, they must be promoted through public-private partnerships. Japan, which suffered from the problem of aging urban parks, has successfully promoted several park refurbishment projects by introducing the Park-PFI through the revision of the 「Urban Park Act」 in 2017. This study examines and analyzes the characteristics of the Japan Park-PFI as an alternative to improving the quality of aging domestic urban park services through public-private partnerships and the validity of the aging urban park refurbishment projects through Park-PFI. The main findings are as follows. First, it is necessary to start discussions on introducing Japan's Park-PFI according to the domestic conditions as a means of public-private partnership to improve the service quality and diversify the functions of aging urban parks. In order to introduce Park-PFI social discussions and follow-up studies on the deterioration of urban parks. Must be conducted. The installation of private capital and profit facilities and improvements of related regulations, such as the 「Parks and Green Spaces Act」 and the 「Public Property Act」, is required. Second, it is judged that the Park-PFI project is a policy alternative that can enhance the benefits to citizens, local governments, and private operators under the premise that the need to refurbish aging urban parks is high and the location is suitable for promoting the project. As a result of a pilot application of the Park-PFI project to Seyeong Park, an aging urban park located in Bupyeong-gu, Incheon, it was analyzed to be profitable in terms of the profitability index (PI), net present value (FNPV), and internal rate of return (FIRR). It is considered possible to participate in the business sector. At the local government level, private capital is used to improve the physical space environment of aging urban parks, as well as the refurbishment of the urban parks by utilizing financial resources generated by returning a portion of the facility usage fees and profits (0.5% of annual sales) of private operators. It was found that management budgets could be secured.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.103-117
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• 2023

Objectives: This study aims to reveal the relationship between social relations and physical activity in the young-old and old-old elderly. Methods: Data from 2020 National survey of Older Koreans were used, and a total of 10,097 subjects over the age of 65 were included in analysis. The dependent variable was physical activity, and the independent variables were social relations barrier and motivational factors. x²-test and binary logistic regression were performed for data analysis. Results: The physical activity rate in the elderly were 40.8% in the young-old and 29.2% in the old-old. The socio-demographic characteristics affecting physical activity were the young-old elderly were sex, residential area, employment status and household income, and the old-old elderly were sex, age, residential area, education level and household income. The social relations barrier factors affecting physical activity were the young-old elderly were number of close friends, family care, exercise information search and video viewing, and the old-old elderly were household type, number of close friends, participation in exercise education, exercise information search and video viewing. The social relations motivational factors affecting physical activity were the young-old elderly were call with children/relative/friend, participation in sports activity, access time from home to parks, and the old-old elderly were call with children/relative/friend, participation in sports activity, satisfaction with green spaces. Conclusions: It was found that social relations barrier and motivational factors of the elderly are important factors to consider when developing physical activity promotion strategy, and there are also difference between the age of the elderly.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.12 no.8
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• pp.467-474
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• 2014

Augmented reality in the smart environments is the interaction between the user and the media through the expansion of a variety of experiences is provided. How to use the location information, how to use markers, utilizing real-time marker-less interaction with the real world and the virtual world, such as the mapping method intermediary situated in real-time. Expansion of the elements of experience, and augmented reality as a tool of information being utilized. Educational Edutainment AR card to take advantage in terms of content was a real-time marker-less approach to create an image map image map was constructed urbanization. Stereoscopic 3D environment, taking advantage of the object produced by combining augmented reality and way of interaction, educational content. Help in terms of active and passive involvement pra realistic interest leads to a way of giving tangible.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.51-60
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• 2014

Modern society is rapidly changing by the Internet, and it is getting influential on the field of education. Learners can learn what they want to learn actively and freely at their desired level at anywhere in their free time by using the internet. The purpose of this study, therefore, is to find out the methods for improving writing ability through e-learning. The results of the study are as follows: First, learners can attend a lecture to improve their writing ability and can get learning materials from on-line course sites, internet websites, communities and blogs. Second, e-learning is learner-centered education, so it stimulates learners learning motivation and interest. Third, learners have an opportunity to express their ideas freely, and they can gain cultural comprehension while they communicate with people in the world by e-mail and chatting.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.59-70
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• 2015

The recent global economic crisis and intensifying competition among Northeast Asian neighbors, China and Japan are changing in the foreign policy coarse of growth uncertainty, the domestic enterprise's growth power is faced serious limitations, Therefore, it's increasing that making new growth engines for the creative economy in order to achieve sustainable growth and continue to lead the Global Trade and human resources development and training needs for social entrepreneurship through the creation usually related to human resources. However, the creation of institutional entrepreneurship support system based on the fusion construct and cultured creativity through entrepreneurship education, such as mental challenges proactively apply the various ordinary area and several temporal spatial constraints can be utilized. There follows are in this study and time to entrepreneurship education without restrictions in place were the impact of the most important elements are enterpreneurship in the online entrepreneurship education and entrepreneurship. As the result of analysis, online learning environment have a positive impact on entrepreneurship. I hope that a global powerhouse through youth entrepreneurship would like to contribute IT power nation.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.7-23
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• 1997

본 연구의 목적은 설문조사를 통해 주민들이 실정에 맞는 거주자우선주차제의 실행 요건을 결정하는데 있다. 연구의 구성은 제2장에서 거주자우선주차제의 이론적 배경을 검토 하고, 제3장에서는 실행요건의 결정을 위한 연구분석의 틀을 제시하며, 제4장에서는 설문조 사의 방법과 조사내용에 대한 분석결과를 제시한다. 마지막으로 제5장에서는 결론과 정책건 의로 맺음한다. 이론적으로 분석결과 거주자우선주차제는 주차수요관리와 주차장공급촉진이 라는 2원적인 목표를 내재하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 그결과 허가요금, 시행시간대 등의 실 행요건을 결정하는데 있어서 다양한 외부요인들을 고려하여야 할 필요가 있으며, 외부요인 들은 거주자들의 사회경제적 특성, 주거환경적특성, 주차행태적 특성, 기타특성 들로 구성된 다. 실행요건을 결정하기 위해 주민들에 대한 설문조사를 실시하였고 그 분석결과는 다음과 같다. 1) 요금수준 결정시 차고지 공급 목적일 경우 높은 수준의 요금을 부과하되 지역적 소득수준을 감안 하여야 하며, 목적이 수요관리에 있을 때는 외부인에 대한 규제만 하면 되 기 때문에 주민들에게는 무료이거나 가능한 낮은 요금을 징수하는 것이 바람직하다. 2) 공 간적 범위는 주민들의 근거리주차 선호 때문에 블록단위 또는 세가로를 중심으로 시행하되, 집앞돌폭이 4m 미만이거나 8m 이상일 경우에는 공간적 범위를 넓게 잡는 것이 바람직 할 것이다. 3) 주차면 배정은 독점적 사용권을 부여하는 방식이 공공재의 사유화라는 부작용 및 주차면의 비효율적 사용이라는 측면이 있기 때문에 가능한 공동이용방식을 채용함이 바 람직 한 것으로 나타났다. 4) 외부인 주처허가는 전용주택가 지역에서는 허용하여도 그리 큰 문제는 없을 것이나, 외부인 주차수요가 많은 지역에서는 무조건적 허락보다는 요금지불, 주차확인증과 같은 제도적 보완을 통해 허용해야 한다. 5) 시행시간대 결정시 전용주거지역 에서는 야간만 실시하여도 문제가 없으나 그외 지역에서는 주차수요를 고려하여 주간 또는 전일로 시행할 필요가 있다. 특히 주차문제가 하루종일 발생하는 경우와 출퇴근시 주차문제 가 많은 곳에서는 하루종일 시행할 필요가 있다. 그러나 차고지 확보율이 지나치게 낮은 곳 에서는 야간시 주민반대에 부디칠 가능성이 크기 때문에 차고지 여건이 개선될 때 까지는 시행을 보류할 필요가 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.39-51
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• 2020

This study will examine the social issues and consumer awareness of sharing parking through the method text mining. In this experiment, the topic by keyword was extracted and analyzed using TFIDF (Term frequency inverse document frequency) and LDA (Latent dirichlet allocation) technique. As a result of categorization by topic, citizens' complaints such as local government agreements, parking space negotiations, parking culture improvement, citizen participation, etc., played an important role in implementing shared parking services. The contribution of this study highly differentiated from previous studies that conducted exploratory studies using corporate and regional cases, and can be said to have a high academic contribution. In addition, based on the results obtained by utilizing the LDA analysis in this study, there is a practical contribution that it can be applied or utilized in establishing a sharing economy policy for revitalizing the local economy.

• 한국방재학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2011.02a
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• pp.189-189
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• 2011

최근 공동주택은 보편적인 도시주거 유형으로 자리매김 하고 있지만, 성장 위주의 경제 산업 정책에 따른 안전의식미약, 사회구조개편에 따른 급격한 증가, 생활환경 변화와 에너지 사용 증가 등 화재 유발인자의 다양화로 인해 인적 물적 피해가 증가하고 있는 실정이다. 특히 다른 건물들과는 달리 공동주택의 거주자가 유아, 노인, 신체장애자 등 다양한 인적 구성의 형태로 이루어져 있어서 화재 발생 건수에 비해 인명피해가 월등히 높은 편이다. 공동주택에서의 화재에 대한 위험성을 인식하고, 그에 대한 인적 물적 피해를 최소화하기 위한 대책 마련이 시급하다. 본 논문은 CFAST(Consolidated Model of Fire Growth and Smoke Transport)를 사용하여 공동주택을 대상으로 실물 화재 실험을 실시하고 공간화재에서의 화재 성상을 파악하여 화재 시 개구부의 개폐 여부에 따라 발생되는 산소와 이산화탄소의 농도와 온도가 인체에 미치는 영향에 대해 알아본다. 개구부를 개방 했을 경우에 외부창문의 개폐 여부에 상관없이 모든 방의 온도 분포가 뚜렷하게 나타났지만 개구부를 폐쇄 할 경우에는 발화지점인 거실의 온도 분포만 나타났다. Flashover현상과 Back Draft현상은 개구부의 개폐여부에 상관없이 외부 창문을 폐쇄 했을 경우에 나타났지만 특히 모든 개구부와 외부창문을 폐쇄 했을 경우에 더욱 뚜렷하게 나타났다. 각 실은 점화 후 4분경에 최고 온도를 보였으며 다른 방에 비해 발화지점인 거실의 온도가 가장 높게 나타났다. 온도에 의해서는 두 가지 영향이 일어날 수 있는데, 하나는 비교적 장시간에 걸쳐 발생하는 열응력이고, 다른 하나는 짧은 시간에 발생할 수 있는 화상이다. 만약 피부온도가 $45^{\circ}C$에 이르면 인체는 고통을 느끼게 되며, 이보다 더 높은 온도에서는 깊은 피부조직까지 손상을 줄 수 있다. 움직이지 않는 사람에 대한 고통 유발 임계온도는 약 $200^{\circ}C$이며, 인체는 땀의 발산으로 온도에 대한 내성이 증가하지만 이체가 장시간 열을 받으면 사망에 이를 수 있다. 결론적으로 공동 주택을 대상으로 CFAST를 이용해 분석한 결과 플래쉬오버 현상으로 인해 화재가 성장하여 급격히 온도가 상승하다가, 산소 부족으로 인해 화재가 성장하지 않고 온도가 떨어지는 것을 알 수 있다. 화재 시 온도, 산소, 이산화탄소를 고려하였을 때 약 3분 이내에 대피해야 온도 및 가스로 인한 피해를 줄일 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.