• The Journal of Engineering Geology
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.51-61
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• 2009

Fractures and segmentation in association with the activities of the Yangsan fault are studied around Mt. Namsan, Gyengju city in the southeastern part of Korea. It is believed that the higher values of joint density and fractal dimension with the approach of the center of the Yangsan fault mean intense fracturing due to the fault activity. The boundary between fault damage zone and host rock is inferred to be placed at about 2.7 km from the center of the Yangsan fault where the values of joint density and fractal dimension abruptly decrease and the orientations of joint are also much dispersed. The small faults within the damage zone of the Yangsan fault are definitely divided into right-lateral and left-lateral strike-slip faults. The former is considered to be formed during the right-lateral movement of the Yangsan fault and the latter during the left-lateral movement. The Yangsan fault is segmented in the study area with obvious evidences as follows: (1) the difference of fault strike between northern and southern segments, (2) The geometry of contractional imbricate fans and syncline plunging $9^{\circ}$, $S85^{\circ}E$ at the end of northern segment, and (3) anticline plunging $28^{\circ}$, $N4^{\circ}W$ at the end of southern segment.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.791-798
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• 1994

Ohmic heating is a food processing operation in which heat is internally generated within foods by the passage of alternating electric current. The process enables highly viscous paste foods such as Kochujang, and fermented soybean paste to be heated very fast. In order to develope the novel pasteurization process of paste foods, static Ohmic heating system was built, and heating characteristic during Ohmic heating under various conditions were studied. Electric conductivities of Kochujang and fermented soybean paste at room temperature were 1.865 S/m and 2.510 S/m, respectively and increased linearly with increasing temperature. Specific heating rate was highly dependent on the frequency. The highest heating rate was achieved at 5 KHz for Kochujang and 20 KHz for fermented soybean paste. Uniform heating throughout the sample was achieved during Ohmic heating with low frequency electrical currents, however above 5 KHz frequency, surface temperature was several degrees higher than the bulk.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.557-563
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• 2018

Coincidence summing correction effects are known to be greater as the efficiency of the detector increases and as the distance between the source and the detector increases. A point source($^{60}Co$) was used to vary the distance in the direction of the detector's center axis and in the radial direction to obtain the P/T ratio for Coincidence summing correction calibration. In this study, values for coincidence summing corrected calibration of the values in the central and radial directions were applied to the mixed volume source(450 ml CRM source) to compare the overall peak efficiency change according to P/T with Geant4. In addition, the efficiency obtained from the mapping method is applied to the seaweed, a marine sample, and the compatibility of the P/T ratio with the detector and sample very dose together. The efficiency corrected to 1,836 keV was applied to the energy zone affected by the efficiency of 500 keV and the relative error of the measured and corrected values was well matcched by the 3.2 % peak efficiency correction. As with 450 mL CRM source, the larger the volume, the lower the P/T ratio was by ${\pm}5%$. This is due to the increased scattering of gamma-rays emitted as the source becomes farther away from the detector, and this change in P/T has been confirmed to affect the Coincidence summing corrected peak efficiency.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.2222-2229
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of basic integrative lecture course of medical college through cyber lecture. This study was also aimed to develop and implement a progressive cyber-teaching method which integrative lecture system is concerned for medical students. In this study, effectiveness of cyber lecture on the student's satisfaction, content difficulty and course management were analyzed by way of anonymous survey at the end of basic neuroscience integrative lecture course. Survey data were also analyzed with statistical tools to find out strength of correlation between students degree of satisfaction to cyber lecture and their individual grade of this course. The majority of students held positive opinions on course management, level of difficulty in each session, utilizing multimedia contents and preferred cyber lecture system to be continued in the future. Many students also suggested intimate integration of multimedia contents shown in cyber lecture to the lab sessions for the maximization of educational effect. In this study, it suggested that cyber lecture could be a useful tool in teaching integrative medical subjects and play more important role in the future integrative medical subjects with the improvement of present problems and limitations.

• CRM연구
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.15-32
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• 2009

Companies consider customers as an equity, which is expected to increase customer loyalty. However, customer loyalty does not linearly increase in real world by the customer equity always. This research investigates a mediating variable which influence the relationship between customer equity drivers and customer loyalty. We focus on customer value as a customer equity driver which is the most basic factor among customer equity drivers. We examine that online trust as a mediator between the customer value and customer loyalty in on online shopping mall context. Customer value consists of perceived convenience, quality, and price. Findings indicate that online trust mediates the relationship between customer value and customer loyalty. Especially, online trust perfectly mediates the perceived convenience and the perceived quality. The perceived convenience influences online trust most significantly and perceived quality and perceived price are following in the order of strength. Our results implicate that online trust is an important mediator of the relationship between customer equity and customer loyalty in online shopping mall context and need to be managed as a customer relationship management index to increase customer loyalty. In addition, perceived convenience is the most important factor to increase online trust in matured online market.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.107-116
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to verify the applicability of concept mapping in the process of planning social welfare program based on community network. Concept mapping is a kind of decision-making method that structuralized complex ideas and presented visually. Already, concept mapping is widely utilized in counseling, nursing and public health area to plan and evaluation their program and service. For recent, effectiveness of concept mapping has been reported. Concept mapping is a effective decision-making method that they recognize outcome gap between service provider and client, reach the outcome's consensus in counseling and nursing, medical area. In this study, we conceptualized 3rd year outcomes of Community Impact Project that was supported from Busan Chest using concept mapping. This CI project intervenes children and youth who lives in Buk-gu, Busan. Concept mapping has six stages-preparation, collecting ideas, structuring statements, representing statement, interpreting the results of the analysis, applying the results. We followed these steps. The participants were working at social welfare organizations, total 11 persons. We obtained 60 statements and analyzed using multidimensional scaling. we collected 5 clusters, cluster 1 'awareness and attitude change of children and youth', cluster 2 'social system change of children and youth', cluster 3 'friendly community formation', cluster 4 'community people change', cluster 5 'service provider change'. As a result, among total 5 clusters formed, 'awareness and attitude change of children and youth' came to the strongest outcomes. When concept mapping was applied to the program planning, the consensus of the opinion came easily in the decision-making process, and the participants were empowered. In addition, clear conceptualization on each element of the program planning was made.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.103-131
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• 2008

Today. the mental health has a great deal of impact on individuals and the society surrounding. Therefore. this research is to propose a way of bibliotherapical intercession by stages and patterns as to examine the recovery process of students with negative emotion by using the grounded theoretical method. This research collected materials through focus-interview, participant observation and book reports of 4 experiments involving female college students aged from 21 to 23, all having emotional and psychological difficulties. The recovery process of female students with negative emotion involved causal factors such as "recognition of hidden wound" "Sense of inferiority", and "difficulty in forming relationships", as well as contextual factors like "sympathetic attitude". which altogether brought about the core phenomenon. "pursuit for healthy ego". This core phenomenon induced to recovering the bright and positive attitude through using the strategies of 'self insight' and application of 'management plan', influence by such incoherent conditions as 'intimate surroundings' and $\setminus$ 'support system patterns'. And as time passed. the recovery process appeared tin four stages: 'issues recognition'. 'emotional responses', 'issue solution' and 'self application'.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.29 no.7
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• pp.723-727
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• 1996

An adequate exposure is important in thoracoscopic procedures. The insufflation of $CO_2$has been demonstrated to aid in compressing lung parenchyma, and act as a retractor when combined with changes in patient's position. However, a recent study demonstrated that $CO_2$insufflation during thoracoscopy in the pig has adverse hemodynamic consequences. We prospectively studied 12 patients undergoing thoracoscopy to evaluate the effect of $CO_2$insufflation in the clinical setting. The mean arterial pressure, heart rate, central venous pressure, arterial oxygen saturation, and end-tidal $CO_2$pressure were monitored. Measurements were determined at baseline, at the initiation of one-lung ventilation, and at intrapleural pressure of 5, 10, 15 mmHg and following results were obtained. 1) The insufflation of 5 to 15 mmHg of $CO_2$had no significant effect on the mean arterial pressure, heart rate, arterial oxygen saturation. 2) The end-tidal $CO_2$pressure rose from 31.00$\pm$1.67 mmHg to 38.49$\pm$1.82 mmHg at an intrapleural pressure of 15 mmHg(p<0.05). 3) The central venous pressure rose from 7.75$\pm$0.76 mmHg to 12.83$\pm$1.64 mmHg and 16.16$\pm$l.97mmHg at an intrapleural pressure of 10 and 15 mmHg(p<0.05). 4) The low pressure (<10 mmHg) insufflation is a safe adjunct to the conduct of thoracoscopic surgical procedures.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.17 no.10
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• pp.559-566
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• 2017

Despite the government operating various preventive programs to ward off accidents and diseases on business sites, diseases rates are not decreasing, unlike accident rates. In many cases, diseases caused by work have a latent period before symptoms appear or progress over a longer term, making it difficult for workers to prove the causal relation between their work and the diseases. Moreover, data related to the business site are mostly owned by the employer. Even if the employee has access to parts of such data, his lack of medical expertise limits his ability to identify the characteristics of the diseases and how it appears. In August, 2017 the Supreme Court did an about-face with its ruling on the case involving diseases caused by exposure to harmful substances in work environments, by easing the burden of proof on the employees. As such, this study focuses on the case to analyze cases involving diseases that have occurred in work environments and present their implications. In doing so, the study seeks to provide a basic set of data that can help secure the employees' labor rights and rights to health by complementing the current law in relation to recognizing industrial incidents caused by rare diseases and making work environments safer for employees.

• The Journal of the Korean life insurance medical association
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• v.25
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• pp.49-62
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• 2006

생명공학의 시대로 일컬어 지고 있는 오늘날, 재생의학 분야에서는 난치성 질환 치료를 목적으로 활발한 연구가 진행되고 있다. 특히, 줄기세포를 이용한 세포 대체치료 관련 연구는 최근 국내 황우석 박사의 체세포 핵이식 배아세포주 확립에 이르기 까지 괄목할 만한 발전을 보여 주고 있다. 이와 관련해 생명보험산업에 적잖은 파장이 예상되며, 생명보험사 내부적으로 기존에 판매된 상품의 사차손 관리와 함께 급속도로 발전하는 줄기세포 연구에 직접적으로 대응하는 상품개발, 언더라이팅, 지급 심사 등 보험사 내외에서의 전방위적인 변화가 필요하다는 문제 제기가 있다. 줄기세포란 조직 분화 과정에서 볼 수 있는 세포이며 근육 뼈 뇌 피부 등 신체의 어떤 기관으로도 전환할 수 있는 만능세포로서, 간 폐 심장 등 구체적 장기를 형성하기 이전에 분화를 멈출 배아 단계의 세포를 말한다. 한편, 성체줄기세포는 조직이나 기관의 분화된 세포들 사이에서 발견되는 미분화 세포로써, 자기 스스로 증식할 수 있으며, 조직이나 기관의 특수한 기능을 가지고 있는 세포로 분화할 수 있는 능력을 가진 신체줄기세포를 말한다. 배아줄기세포와 생체줄기세포를 통한 장기이식 등 난치병 정복은 윤리적, 사회적으로 많은 논란이 예상되며, 기술적으로도 해결해야 할 문제점들이 산적해 있기 때문에 아직은 요원한 것이 사실이다. 현재 유럽 대부분의 나라와 미국에서는 인간 배아의 복제가 금지되어 있으며, 일본 정부는 연구용 배아 복제를 제한적으로 허용하고 있다. 하지만, 우리 나라의 경우 2005년 1월에 '생명윤리 및 안전에 관한 법'이 발효되었지만 정부는 관련 부작용에 대한 깊은 고찰 없이 전폭적인 지원들 약속하고 있는 실정이다. 줄기세포 연구의 발달로 인해 인류가 난치병 치료의 첫 장을 열었다고 하더라도 그 영향이 당장 보험사에 미친다고 할 수는 없다. 왜냐하면 앞으로 이러한 신기술이 실제 의료행위에 적용되기 위해서는 여러 단계의 안정화 작업과 임상시험이 필요한데 이러한 작업이 기술적으로 어렵고 그 시간도 만만치 않게 걸리기 때문이다. 또한, 보험사의 보장은 크게 사망/수술/입원/암/기타보장으로 구별할 수 있는데, 줄기세포 연구의 발달과 관련이 있는 보장이 제한되어 있어 보험사에 미치는 영향이 당장 우려할 만한 수준이라 할 수 없다. 하지만 만약 치료용 줄기세포 배양으로 인한 장기 기관의 이식이나 손상세포의 대체 등과 같은 의학신기술의 예상 외로 급격하게 발전한다면 보험사의 Risk 관리에 상당한 저해요인으로 작용할 것으로 판단된다. 특히 진단 입원 수술로 대표되는 생존보장에 대한 사차 Risk 및 사차손의 급증이나 역선택 증가는 보험사의 경영수지 악화를 유발하여 보험산업 전반에 위험으로 작용할 수도 있다. 따라서, 장기적인 안목으로 업계 공동의 대응이 필요하고, 각 사에서도 상품개발, 언더라이팅, 지급심사 간의 긴밀한 협조가 요구된다. 생명보험산업의 Risk 관리는 기존의 시장환경에 영향을 받는 비차, 이차중심에서 보험회사가 어느 정도 관리를 통해 적정규모를 유지할 수 있는 사차로 그 중심축이 이동하고 있다. 보험산업이 계속 활력을 갖고 성장하기 위해서는 체계적인 Risk나 관리가 핵심일 것이며, 보험사의 사차 Risk의 중요성이 더욱 커져 가고 있는 현실에서 거시적으로 의학신기술 발달 등 위험요인에 대해 미리 분석하고 이에 대한 대비책 마련이 필요할 것으로 판단된다.