• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.19 no.8
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• pp.241-247
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• 2021

As a way to solve the side effects of urban development, a smart city with information and communication technology converges in the city is being built. For this, a smart city platform should support the development and integration of smart city services. Therefore, the underlying technology and the functional and non-functional requirements that the smart platform must support were analyzed. As a result of this, we classified the Internet of Things, cloud computing, big data and cyber-physical systems into four categories as the underlying technologies supported by the smart city platform, and derived the functional and non-functional requirements that can be implemented and the reference model of the smart city platform. The reference model of the smart city platform is used for decision-making on investment in infrastructure technology and the development scope of services according to functional or non-functional requirements to solve specific city problems for city managers. It provides platform developers with guidelines to identify and determine the functional and non-functional requirements and implementation technologies of software platforms for building smart cities.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.123-132
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• 2024

In the era of the Internet of Things, 7 billion diverse devices have been interconnected worldwide. Ensuring information security across these varied devices is crucial in this hyper-connected age. To achieve essential security functions such as confidentiality, integrity, and authentication, it is imperative to implement true random number generators (TRNGs). Therefore, this study proposes a method to rapidly characterize the randomness of TRNGs. While there are international standards for formally characterizing the randomness of TRNGs, adhering to these standards often requires significant time and resources. This study aims to help TRNG developers enhance efficiency in both time and cost by characterizing rough randomness and unpredictability. Firstly, we propose applying auto-correlation and cross-correlation metrics for analog signals. Secondly, we suggest adopting joint entropy and mutual information metrics for digital signals.

• Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology
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• v.7 no.8
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• pp.327-342
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• 2017

In this paper, we introduce an integrated processing system of smart sensor data for IoT service which collects sensor data and efficiently processes it. Based on the technology of collecting sensor data to the development of the IoT field and sending it to the network · Based on the receiving technology, as various projects such as smart homes, autonomous running vehicles progress, the sensor data is processed and effectively An autonomous control system to utilize has been a problem. However, since the data type of the sensor for monitoring the autonomous control system varies according to the domain, a sensor data integration processing system applying the autonomous control system to various different domains is necessary. Therefore, in this paper, we introduce the Smart Sensor Data Integrated Processing System, apply it and use the window as a reference to process internal and external sensor data 1) receiveData, 2) parseData, 3) addToDatabase 3 With the process of the stage, we provide and implement the automatic window opening / closing system "Smart Window" which ventilates to create a comfortable indoor environment by autonomous control system. As a result, standby information is collected and monitored, and machine learning for performing statistical analysis and better autonomous control based on the stored data is made possible.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.221-226
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• 2018

Special-purposed vehicles are customized according to the user's requirements. When these vehicles are out of oder, they are costly and time consuming to repair. In order to solve these problems, we want to remotely check whether the vehicle is abnormal and remotely identify the fault area, thereby shortening the repair cost and the repair period. In this study, the faulty part of the electric control part is automatically identified, and it is immediately grasped through the user's mobile phone application and an instant fault code is notified to the car manufacturer for quick and smooth fault repair. In order to realize this, we want to build a system that uses the technology of IoT to determine the fault area according to the items required in the field of the special purpose vehicle and notify the manufacturer of the fault on its own.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.787-796
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• 2019

In this paper, we propose the design and test measure of Ringer injection IoT system for controling the ringer injection status and notifying the server system of the collected status informations such as the completion of injection, the remaining liquid, the injection status, and the emergency alarming of the urgent patients. We design the circuit diagrams composed of linger injection sensors, switches, status indicators, wireless communication functionalities, and propose the controlling and monitoring algorithms for sensing the linger injection status and notifying the collected status informations to a server system. Furthermore, we derive the testing criteria, such as linger liquid sensing time, sensing distance, operating temperature, input power, power consumption, and wireless communication speed, and analyze the test results.

• Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology
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• v.9 no.10
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• pp.797-808
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• 2019

In a closed workplace, the management of the workplace is important because the environmental data at the workplace has a great influence on the safety of workers. Today's industrial sites are transformed into data-based factories that collect and analyze data through sensors in those sites, requiring a management system to ensure safety. In general, a safety management system stores and manages data on a central server associated with a database. Since such management system introduces high possibility of forgery and loss of data, workers often suspect the reliability of the information on the management system. In this paper, we present a worker safety management system based on the EOS blockchain which is considered as third-generation blockchain technology. The developed system consists of a set of smart contracts on the EOS blockchain and 3 decentralized applications associated with the blockchain. According to the roles of users, the worker and manager applications respectively perform the process of initiating or terminating tasks as blockchain transactions. The entire transaction history is distributed and stored in all nodes participating in the blockchain network, so forgery and loss of data is practically impossible. The system administrator application assigns the account rights of workers and managers appropriate for performing the functions, and specifies the safety standards of IoT data for ensuring workplace safety. The IoT data received from sensor platforms in workplaces and the information on initiation, termination or approval of tasks assigned to workers, are explicitly stored and managed in the EOS smart contracts.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.684-693
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• 2021

Purpose: The purpose is to establish a safe facility environment from abnormal voltages such as lightning by developing a smart land resistance measuring device that can acquire real-time land resistance data using Arduino. Method: This paper studied design models and application cases by developing a land resistance acquisition and analysis system with Arduino and a power line communication (PLC) system. Some sites in the wind power generation complex in Gyeongsangnam-do were selected as test beds, and real-time land resistance data applied with new technologies were obtained. The electrode arrangement adopted a smart electrode arrangement using a combination of a Wenner four electrode arrangement and a Schlumberger electrode arrangement. Result: First, the characteristic of this technology is that the depth of smart multi-electrodes is organized differently to reduce the error range of the acquired data even in the stratigraphic structure with specificity between floors. Second, IT convergence technology was applied to enable real-time transmission and reception of information on land resistance data acquired from smart ground electrodes through the Internet of Things. Finally, it is possible to establish a regular management system and analyze big data accumulated in the server to check the trend of changes in various elements, and to model the optimal ground algorithm and ground system design for the IT convergence environment. Conclusion: This technology will reduce surge damage caused by lightning on urban infrastructure underlying the 4th industrial era and design an optimized ground system model to protect the safety and life of users. It is also expected to secure intellectual property rights of pure domestic technology to create jobs and revitalize our industry, which has been stagnant as a pandemic in the post-COVID-19 era.

• Journal of Internet of Things and Convergence
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.101-108
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• 2024

Indoor localization is a critical component for numerous applications, ranging from navigation in large buildings to emergency response. This paper presents an enhanced Pedestrian Dead Reckoning (PDR) scheme using smartphone sensors, integrating neural network-aided motion recognition, Kalman filter-based error correction, and multi-sensor data fusion. The proposed system leverages data from the accelerometer, magnetometer, gyroscope, and barometer to accurately estimate a user's position and orientation. A neural network processes sensor data to classify motion modes and provide real-time adjustments to stride length and heading calculations. The Kalman filter further refines these estimates, reducing cumulative errors and drift. Experimental results, collected using a smartphone across various floors of University, demonstrate the scheme's ability to accurately track vertical movements and changes in heading direction. Comparative analyses show that the proposed CNN-LSTM model outperforms conventional CNN and Deep CNN models in angle prediction. Additionally, the integration of barometric pressure data enables precise floor level detection, enhancing the system's robustness in multi-story environments. Proposed comprehensive approach significantly improves the accuracy and reliability of indoor localization, making it viable for real-world applications.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.268-278
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• 2021

Technologies that are leading the fourth industrial revolution, such as the Internet of Things (IoT), big data, artificial intelligence (AI), and cyber-physical systems (CPS) are developing and generalizing. The demand to improve productivity, economy, safety, etc., is spreading in various industrial fields by applying these technologies. Digital twins are attracting attention as an important technology trend to meet demands and is one of the top 10 tasks of the Korean version of the New Deal. In this study, papers, magazines, reports, and other literature were searched using Google. In order to investigate the contribution or role of geospatial information in the digital twin application, the definition of a digital twin, we investigated technology trends of domestic and foreign companies; the components of digital twins required in manufacturing, plants, and smart cities; and the core techniques for driving a digital twin. In addition, the contributing contents of geospatial information were summarized by searching for a sentence or word linked between geospatial-related keywords (i.e., Geospatial Information, Geospatial data, Location, Map, and Geodata and Digital Twin). As a result of the survey, Geospatial information is not only providing a role as a medium connecting objects, things, people, processes, data, and products, but also providing reliable decision-making support, linkage fusion, location information provision, and frameworks. It was found that it can contribute to maximizing the value of utilization of digital twins.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.74-82
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• 2019

The revolution of industry 4.0 is enabling us to build an intelligent connection society called smart cities. The use of renewable energy in particular solar energy is extremely important for modern society due to the growing power demand in smart cities, but its difficult to monitor and manage in each buildings since need to be deploy low energy sensors and information need to be transfer via wireless sensor network (WSN). The Internet of Things (IoT) / low-power wide-area (LPWA) is an emerging WSN technology, to collect and monitor data about environmental and physical electrical / electronics devices conditions in real time. However, providing power to IoT sensor end devices and other public electrical loads such as street lights, etc is an important challenging role because the sensor are usually battery powered and have a limited life time. In this paper, we proposes an efficient solar energy-based power management scheme for smart city based on IoT technology using LoRa wide-area network (LoRaWAN). This approach facilitates to maintain and prevent errors of solar panel based energy systems. The proposed solution maximizing output the power generated from solar panels system to distribute the power to the load and the grid. In this paper, we proved the efficiency of the proposed system with Simulink based system modeling and real-time emulation.